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	Naphtha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Naphtha is a group of various volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures used primarily as feedstocks in refineries for the reforming process and in the petrochemical industry for the production of olefins in steam crackers.
		Naphtha is obtained from [petroleum]] refineries as a portion of the distillation (also referred to as a cut).
		When used as feedstock in petrochemical steam crackers, the naphtha is heated in the presence of water vapour and the absence of oxygen or air until the hydrocarbon molecules fall apart.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Naphtha (563 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Since the olefins in the cracked naphtha are mainly in the low boiling fraction of these naphthas and the sulfur containing impurities tend to be concentrated in the high boiling fraction the most common solution has been prefractionation prior to hydrotreating.
		The organic sulfur compounds in the intermediate naphtha portion are brought into contact with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrodesulfization catalyst under conditions to convert the organic sulfur compounds to H2S which is removed with the intermediate naphtha portions as an intermediate naphtha overheads.
		The naphtha in the single pass fixed bed reaction may be in the liquid phase or gaseous phase depending on the temperature and pressure, with total pressure and hydrogen gas rate adjusted to attain hydrogen partial pressures in the 100-700 psia range.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=03/29388.030410&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (4965 words)

	Petroleum Bazaar - The no.1 sites on Petroleum Products
		Naphtha is a general term used to describe special boiling point spirits having a boiling range of approximately 30 to 170 deg.
		Naphtha is widely used in fertilizer plants and petrochemical industries as a feed stock.
		This is because, in a fertilizer plant, Naphtha is reformed to carbon dioxide and hydrogen in presence of a catalyst which are used for the manufacture of Urea and Ammonia.
	www.petroleumbazaar.com /Naphtha/Naphtha1.htm (618 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Accordingly, a selective naphtha desulfurization process is needed for reducing the total sulfur level, particularly for high sulfur content naphtha feeds, with minimal mercaptan reversion, while retaining a high level of feed olefins.
		Any naphtha in the liquid state vaporizes during the hot, exothermic hydrodesulfurization reaction and the hydrodesulfurized naphtha effluent from each stage is all vapor, and this is what is meant by"vapor reaction stage".
		Even though the amount of sulfur removed from the naphtha in the first stage is greater than that removed in the second stage, the percent or extent of desulfurization is greater in the second stage than in the first.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/38457.010531&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (5982 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Rising Indian naphtha exports put downward pressure on regional market (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The rush of Indian naphtha shipments is putting downward pressure on the regional market in the face of thin demand for the feedstock due to routine maintenance shutdowns at many petrochemical plants in North Asia, sources said.
		Naphtha prices are between $ 6-$ 7 per mm Btu, compared with about $ 4.50 per mm Btu for natural gas, inclusive of transportation tariffs on delivery to customers, industry sources said.
		Supplies of naphtha are also increasing as Indian refiners maximise run rates due to strong refining profit margins, trade sources said.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/nts42289.htm (401 words)

	SAFETY HAZARD IN NAPHTHA BASED GAS TURBINE POWER PLANTS
		Naphtha being highly volatile, inflammable and hazardous fuel, it has its own problem for using in power plants.
		Naphtha going to individual Gas Turbine is further pressurized, by Naphtha injection pumps provided in the Fuel Injection skid, to around 40-50 bar (depending upon Gas Turbine requirement).
		Fuel nozzle sprays naphtha with required air and atomizing air in the combustion chamber where naphtha is burnt.
	www.isa.org /~safety/safety_hazard_in_naphtha.htm (1436 words)


		Therefore, the Naphtha feed is pretreated in the HDS Unit to remove the sulfur compounds normally found in straight run Naphtha.
		Naphtha feed, from the intermediate storage tank or surge drum pump, enters the unit at the suction of the Naphtha Feed Pumps.
		The purpose of the Naphtha Hydrotreater and the Hydrotreater catalyst is to remove elemental sulfur from the Naphtha.
	www.ventech-eng.com /reformer.html (2023 words)

	Naphtha: Prices may soften
		Far East naphtha is now being quoted at around $231 per tonne, down from around $270 per tonne a couple of months ago.
		Domestic prices of naphtha were adjusted downwards by the oil companies recently following a fall in demand within the country and a drop in global prices.
		Naphtha is a deregulated commodity and oil companies decide on the price through a joint committee.
	www.thehindubusinessline.com /2001/08/13/stories/081315cf.htm (474 words)

	Documentation for Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)
		Because benzene is the most hazardous constituent of coal tar naphtha which is present in any appreciable amount, an IDLH of 7,500 ppm could be assumed.
		However, because the amount of benzene contained in naphtha is usually small, the lower explosive limit (LEL) of 10,000 ppm been used as the IDLH for this draft technical standard.
		However, the revised IDLH for coal tar naphtha is 1,000 ppm based strictly on safety considerations (i.e., being 10% of the lower explosive limits of the various constituents of coal tar naphtha which range from 1.0 to 1.3%).
	www.cdc.gov /niosh/idlh/8030306.html (287 words)

	The Manila Times Internet Edition \| BUSINESS > Naphtha cracker ‘over ambitious,’ firms say (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The plastics group noted that even the PNOC was forced to raise the target capacity of its own proposed naphtha cracker to 1.2 million MT from the original 600 MT on learning the results of the feasibility study.
		Uy also said that JG Summit’s proposed naphtha cracker is “over ambitious,” since the company would have to raise US$300 million for its construction, even as the company claims to be losing money.
		Since the naphtha cracker would be located in Batangas, the PPIA said JG Summit would have to pour in huge capital for the costly transport of high-pressure, low-temperature byproduct of its ethylene capacity.
	www.manilatimes.net /national/2004/dec/17/yehey/business/20041217bus6.html (976 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Excess of Indian naphtha looming
		India exported as much as 300,000 tons of naphtha for July, about double the volume sold on a monthly basis in 2003, and traders say exports could stay at a monthly 200,000 to 250,000 tons through the end of the year.
		That led to a reversal in the typical flow of naphtha, with at least one 80,000 ton naphtha cargo from the Saudi Arabia port of Rabigh being fixed for export to northwest Europe instead of Asia for second-half July delivery.
		The naphtha oversupply is likely to ease next year when new naphtha crackers come onstream in China and the Middle East, and this could to the resumption of normal arbitrage flows.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/nts43118.htm (619 words)

	MFA - CAMEO - Material Description
		Later, naphtha refered to the volatile and flammable components in petroleum.
		Naphtha is also used as the common name given to smaller portions of this hydrocarbon distillate mixture.
		Naphtha is used as a solvent and dry-cleaning fluid to remove oil and grease.
	www.mfa.org /_cameo/frontend/material_description.asp?name=naphtha&language=1 (152 words)

	ONGC to go it alone on naphtha exports
		Naphtha being a deregulated commodity, ONGC's product has remained low on the priority list of PSUs trying to push their own stocks, leaving the company with no other choice but to export.
		The company recently floated tenders for exporting two naphtha consignments of 25,000 tonnes each to be lifted by the end of February and March respectively.
		The naphtha consignment, to be despatched from Uran, near Mumbai, is understood to be for Thailand and Singapore.
	www.thehindubusinessline.com /2001/02/20/stories/022049ka.htm (395 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Land of the Naphtha Fountain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		To help him fund the construction of Baghdad, the new capital of the Muslim world, Caliph al-Mansur imposed a special "naphtha tax" on Baku; the middle of the eighth century thus marked the first appearance of a state tax on petroleum—a levy with which we are all still familiar today.
		The Persian king Yezdjerid I is said to have had a handkerchief cut from the skin of this mythical animal; he dazzled friends and foes alike by throwing it into the fire until it glowed red, and then retrieving it not only unburned but clean and without stains.
		What is interesting about this request is not so much the size of the shipment but that, first, the czar used the Arabic term "white naphtha," and second that he needed a refining master to accompany the petroleum—an indication that Russia had no refining masters of its own, and needed the technology of Muslim Caucasia.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/199505/land.of.the.naphtha.fountain.htm (2675 words)

	Imports Reports FAQ
		Naphtha to be used as reformer feed is classified as unfinished oils, naphtha and lighter (EIA product code 820).
		Naphtha intended for gasoline blending is classified as motor gasoline blending components.
		Naphtha classified as unfinished oils or motor gasoline blending components requires reporting of a processing facility.
	www.eia.doe.gov /oil_gas/petroleum/survey_forms/faq_imports.html (336 words)

	Naphtha mixing in petrol rampant in state- The Times of India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In both cases, Karnataka was the loser in terms of sales tax, while the so-called leaked or sold naphtha had clandestinely found its way to vehicle tanks as a petrol adulterant.
		The bottomline for the adulterator: naphtha is priced around Rs 12 per litre while petrol price is Rs 35, making adulteration a highly profitable business.
		However, the department found its hands tied since five of the six importers had declared their business premises outside Karnataka and showed that they were making stock transfers to other states or high sea sales, which attracts no sales tax.
	timesofindia.indiatimes.com /cms.dll/articleshow?artid=27395273 (444 words)

	The Manila Times Internet Edition \| BUSINESS > No naphtha cracker until ’09, says PNOC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The establishment of the naphtha cracker plant is part of the mandate given by President Arroyo to PNOC.
		PNOC and PPDC have been scouting for a potential joint-venture partner for the naphtha cracker project that would be located within PPDC’s 530-hectare petrochemical park in Bataan.
		Petrochemicals are organic compounds derived from petroleum raw materials called naphtha, or natural gas, or a derivative produced from such a substance by chemical reaction, such as ammonia, carbon fl and thousands of organic chemicals.
	www.manilatimes.net /national/2004/sept/22/yehey/business/20040922bus7.html (1016 words)

	Petrol adulterated with naphtha being sold: Police- The Times of India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The police have in addition seized the tanker that ferried naphtha to the pump from a godown in K.G. Halli.
		Essentially, naphtha is used in the paint and rubber industry as a solvent.
		A highly inflammable liquid obtained through the distillation of petroleum or crude oil, naphtha has hardly any odour, is of almost the same colour as petrol and leaves no residue on evaporation unlike kerosene or petrol.
	timesofindia.indiatimes.com /cms.dll/html/uncomp/articleshow?artid=35804588 (547 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Market Insight
		Asian Naphtha Prices May Rise as Refiners Boost Sales to U.S. June 30 (Bloomberg) -- Asian plastics makers may pay more for the chemical raw material naphtha in the third quarter because Middle East producers are boosting shipments to the U.S., where rising gas prices have increased demand for alternative fuels.
		Naphtha swap prices in Singapore, up 13 percent in the past two months, may rise further as U.S. buyers compete for cargoes, traders said.
		Naphtha for July delivery in Singapore, Asia's biggest oil-trading center, has risen 5.9 percent in the past month, closing at $26.90 a barrel Friday, according to Bloomberg data.
	quote.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=10000173&sid=aWM8tmYhKHsY&refer=market_insight (627 words)

	[No title]
		The Low Sulfur Gasoline Project is a “back end” desulfurization and isomerization project designed to reduce FCCU naphtha sulfur concentrations to a level that complies with the Tier 2 requirements for the total refinery gasoline pool.
		Naphtha Isomerization Unit During the process of treating the FCC gasoline for sulfur removal, the octane properties are impaired.
		The naphtha isomerization unit will be specifically designed for the catalytic isomerization of pentane, hexane, and mixtures thereof.
	www.deq.state.ok.us /AQDNew/permitting/permissue/2001194-cp.doc (17905 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Asia
		Naphtha delivered to Japan in the spot market for individual cargoes traded at a discount of $7.50 a metric ton to benchmark prices on March 10, compared with a premium of $2.50 three months earlier, according to Platts.
		India has switched from being a net importer of naphtha two years ago as refiners expanded processing capacity by as much as 10 percent to boost production of motor fuels, raising naphtha output as well.
		India's naphtha production may rise to 10 million tons in the year ending March 31, 2006 from about 8.5 million tons a year in previous two fiscal years, according to Indian Oil's estimates.
	www.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=10000080&sid=a_8tV15Hs_dM&refer=asia (814 words)

	CB&I : Project Profile – Shell Haven - Naphtha Minus Complex (NMC) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A Naphtha Minus Complex was constructed as an addition to the Shell Haven refinery in Essex, United Kingdom.
		The complex was built to enhance the refinery's ability to produce unleaded gasoline and to upgrade the quality of gasoline and lighter fractions produced by the refinery.
		In the naphtha hydrotreating unit, the oil reacts with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.
	www.cbi.com /services/projects/shell-haven-nmc.aspx (393 words)

	naphtha. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Because of its dissolving property it is important as a cleaning fluid; it is also incorporated in certain laundry soaps.
		Originally the term naphtha designated a colorless flammable liquid obtained from the ground in Persia.
		Later it came to be applied to a number of other natural liquid substances having similar properties.
	www.bartleby.com /65/na/naphtha.html (131 words)

	JG Summit pursuing naphtha project plan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		JG Summit is still in discussions with multilateral agencies on funding for the proposed plant, said the son of tycoon John Gokongwei.
		A naphtha cracker produces ethylene and propylene, which are used as raw materials to produce plastic.
		Gokongwei said earlier a naphtha cracker would boost the revenue of the group's petrochemical business to $450-$500 million a year from the present $150 million.
	money.inq7.net /topstories/view_topstories.php?yyyy=2005&mon=11&dd=26&file=4 (339 words)

	Planet Ark : Damaged Petrobras' ship leaks naphtha in Brazil
		A spokeswoman for Petrobras in the southern port said it was not clear how much naphtha had actually leaked into the Paranagua Bay from the damaged hull.
		The tanker, Norma, had been carrying 22 million liters of naphtha in 5 compartments, one of which was punctured.
		Naphtha is harder to trace than oil as it does not form a visible slick on the ocean surface.
	www.planetark.com /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/12893/story.htm (464 words)

	Naphtha - Woodworking.com
		I live in Australia and have not found a source for naphtha.
		Naphtha dries a bit faster than mineral spirits.
		It is very different chemically than naphtha or mineral spirits, but it performs similar jobs, so many folks put it in the same category of solvents.
	www.woodworking.com /article_archive.cfm?section=1&article=433 (164 words)

	Naphtha project unaffected by BP, Petronas pullout: PNOC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		We assure that the plan to construct the country's first naphtha cracker plant in Bataan is underway," he told reporters.
		The naphtha cracker plant is expected to have a production capacity of 450,000 and 600,000 tons per year of polymer-grade ethylene and propylene, and will manufacture raw materials for plastic products.
		We have received reports that the reason why BPC is in dire straits is not because of the hard times but because of the high capital cost of the BPC plant," Cunanan said.
	money.inq7.net /breakingnews/view_breakingnews.php?yyyy=2002&mon=12&dd=05&file=20 (392 words)

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