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Topic: Napoleon III

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Napoleon III of France

History of France

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Napoleon Bonaparte

Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta

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Louis Bonaparte

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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Napoleon III of France
		Louis I Napoleon Bonaparte, King of Holland, Grand Duke of Berg and Cleves, Count of Saint-Leu (Lodewijk Napoleon in Dutch) (September 2, 1778 â€“ July 25, 1846) was the fifth surviving child and fourth surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino.
		Napoléon III, Emperor of the French (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte) (20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873) was President of France from 1849 to 1852, and then Emperor of the French under the name Napoléon III from 1852 to 1870.
		Napoleon III (1808-1873), emperor of the French (1852-1870), who revived the Napoleonic empire in the mid-19th century and led France to defeat in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Napoleon-III-of-France (1425 words)

	Napoleon III. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The nephew of Napoleon I, Louis Napoleon spent his youth with his mother, Hortense de Beauharnais, in Switzerland and Germany and became a captain in the Swiss army.
		A long-time supporter of Italian nationalism, he met the Sardinian premier Camillo Cavour at Plombières and secretly agreed on a joint campaign by France and Sardinia to expel Austria from Italy and to establish an Italian federation of four states under the presidency of the pope; France was to be compensated with Nice and Savoy.
		Less fortunate was Napoleon’s intervention (1861–67) in the affairs of Mexico; the French troops finally withdrew upon the demand of the United States, leaving Emperor Maximilian to his fate.
	www.bartleby.com /65/na/Napoleon3.html (1108 words)

	Napoleon III of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bonaparte was the son of Hortense de Beauharnais, who was the daughter of Josephine de Beauharnais and, thus, the stepdaughter of Napoleon Bonaparte.
		In a situation that resembles the case of Louis XVIII of France, the numbering of Napoléon's reign assumes the existence of a legitimate Napoléon II of France who never actually ruled, but was briefly recognized as emperor from June 22 to July 7, 1815.
		Napoléon III's challenge to Russia's claims to influence in the Ottoman Empire led to France's successful participation in the Crimean War (March 1854–March 1856).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Napoleon_III (1226 words)

	Napoleon III of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In a situation that resembles the case of Louis XVIII of France, the numbering of Napoléon's reign assumes the existence of a legitimate Napoléon II of France who never actually ruled, but was briefly recognized as emperor from June 22, 1815 to July 7, 1815.
		Napoléon III's challenge to Russia's claims to influence in the Ottoman Empire led to France's successful participation in the Crimean War (March 1854-March 1856).
		Karl Marx mocked Napoleon III by saying that history repeats itself: "the first time as tragedy, the second time as farce." Napoleon III has often been described as an ineffectual and authoritarian leader who brought France into dubious foreign military adventures.
	www.newlenox.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Napoleon_III (1287 words)

	The Straight Dope Mailbag: I've heard of Napoleon and Napoleon III; was there a Napoleon II?
		He was Napoleon Francis Joseph Charles, Duke of Reichstadt, the only son of Napoleon I (the one everybody's heard of) and Marie Louise, Archduchess of Austria, Duchess of Parma.
		Napoleon was exiled to Elba; Marie-Louise and son went to Vienna.
		Thus, Napoleon I, who once averred that he would prefer his son be strangled rather than be brought up as an Austrian prince, lived to see his son reduced to a rank inferior to that of the Austrian princes.
	www.straightdope.com /mailbag/mnapoleo.html (894 words)

	NAPOLEON III. - LoveToKnow Article on NAPOLEON III. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Louis Napoleon could feel vaguely the state of public opinion in France, the Ionging for glory from which it suffered, and the deep-rooted discord between the nation and the king, Louis Philippe, who though sprung from the national revolution against the treaties of 1815, was yet a partisan of peace at any price.
		The name of Napoleon, he said on this occasion, is in itself a programme; it stands for order, authority, religion and the welfare of the people in internal affairs, and in foreign affairs for the national dignity.
		Napoleons chief relaxations at St Helena were found in the dictation of his memoirs to Montholon, and the compilation of monographs on military and political topics.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /N/NA/NAPOLEON_III_.htm (6340 words)

	MSN Encarta - Napoleon III
		Napoleon III (1808-1873), emperor of the French (1852-1870), who revived the Napoleonic empire in the mid-19th century and led France to defeat in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871).
		Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Paris, the third and last son of King Louis and Queen Hortense of Holland, and thus a nephew of Napoleon I.
		During the dictatorship, Napoleon limited the freedom of the press and the freedom of intellectual thought; he censored newspapers and exiled many writers, including Victor Hugo, banning their works.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761575670/Napoleon_III.html (740 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Napoleon III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Napoleon then dreamed of settling the affairs of Italy by means of a congress, and Arthur de la Guéronniére's pamphlet, "Le pape et le congrés", demanded of Pius IX, in advance, the surrender of his temporal power.
		Napoleon III was annoyed, and ordered his ambassador at Rome to enter into negotiations for the withdrawal of the French troops: on 11 May, 1860, it was decided that within three months the soldiers given to the pope by Napoleon III should return to France.
		This arrangement caused profound sorrow at the Vatican; Pius IX drew the conclusion that Napoleon was preparing to leave the States of the Church at the mercy of the Italians.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10699a.htm (3572 words)

	Napoleon III - France.com
		Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (April 20, 1808 - January 9, 1873) was the son of King Louis Bonaparte and Queen Hortense de Beauharnais; both monarchs of the Kingdom of Holland.
		He was elected President (1848-1852) of the Second Republic of France and subsequently Emperor (1852-1870), reigning as Napoleon III (Second French Empire).
		Napoleon's challenge to Russia's claims to influence in the Ottoman Empire led to France's successful participation in the Crimean War (March 1854-March 1856).
	www.france.com /docs/155.html (583 words)

	Napoleon
		Certain of Napoleon Bonaparte's detractors declared that he was not French because he was born in 1768 and not 1769, and that his date of birth had been falsified, it being unthinkable that the emperor of the French not be French himself.
		According to Thibaudeau, Napoleon used this term (in the same speech containing the famous remark that men could be led 'by baubles') in the debate in the Conseil d'Etat on the creation of the Légion d'Honneur.
		Napoleon III was the third son of Louis Bonaparte (1778-1846), who himself was the third brother of Napoleon I. Hortense de Beauharnais (1783-1837), daughter (by her first marriage) of Josephine, was the mother of Napoleon III.
	www.napoleon.org /en/essential_napoleon/faq/index.asp (1157 words)

	Napoleon III on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Carpeaux's vision for Napoleon III: mourning the death of an emperor.
		The Napoleon III rooms in the Musee du Louvre, Paris.
		The complete guide to elegant France: Second Empire France; Without the vision of Napoleon III and his planner Baron Haussmann in the 19th century, Paris would not be the city we know today.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/N/Napoleon3.asp (389 words)

	Napoleon III — FactMonster.com
		Napoleon III - Napoleon III Napoleon III (Louis Napoleon Bonaparte), 1808–73, emperor of the French...
		Napoleon III: Assessment - Assessment Napoleon III was a complex figure.
		Napoleon III: Emperor of the French - Emperor of the French In Nov., 1852, a new plebiscite overwhelmingly approved the establishment of...
	www.factmonster.com /dictionary/brewers/napoleon-iii.html (318 words)

	French royalty--Napoleon III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		French Emperor Louis Napoleon or Napoleon III was a nephew of Napoleon I. Louis was the son of Louis Bonaparte who his brother had installed as King of Holland for a brief time.
		Napoleon III had an unusual family tree in that Emperor Napoleon was his uncle, but the Emperess Josepine was his gramdmother.
		Napoleon III himself was released by the Germans in 1871 and joined the Emperess at Chiselhurst, Kent in England where he resided until his death 2 years later.
	histclo.hispeed.com /royal/fra/royal-frn3.htm (2985 words)

	BHC0637 : Napoleon III Receiving Queen Victoria at Cherbourg, ...
		Between 4 and 8 August 1858, the Emperor Napoleon III and the Empress Eugenie visited Cherbourg.
		This is a French artist's representation of the Emperor, wearing the full-dress uniform of a French admiral, receiving Queen Victoria on board the French flagship, 'Bretagne', at Cherbourg for a banquet.
		Napoleon III was anxious to demonstrate to his British guests that his improvements to the naval base at Cherbourg did not constitute a threat to Britain.
	www.nmm.ac.uk /mag/pages/mnuExplore/PaintingDetail.cfm?ID=BHC0637 (543 words)

	Napoleon III
		Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (April 20, 1808 - January 9, 1873) was the son of the King of Holland (1806-1810), Louis Bonaparte (1778-1846) and of Hortense de Beauharnais.
		In a situation that resembles the case of Louis XVIII of France, the numbering of Napoleon's reign assumes the existence of a legitimate Napoleon II of France who never actually ruled.
		Napoleon's challenge to Russia's claims to influence in the Ottoman Empire led to France's successful participation in the Crimean War (March 1854-March 1856).
	faculty.ucc.edu /egh-damerow/napeleon_iii.htm (542 words)

	FRANCE: Napoleon I and Napoleon III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, aka Napoleon III was indeed more disinterested, Napoleon I was the second of eight children.
		Napoleon III was the son of the fifth sibling, Louis, and Hortense de Beauharnais, although it was suspected that Louis was not his father.
		When Napoleon's only son died in 1832, he claimed to be the heir of Napoleon and led unsuccessful revolts against the monarchy of Louis Philippe; he fled to England, where he picked up liberal ideas.
	wais.stanford.edu /France/france_napoleonIandIII112302.html (398 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Napoleon III: A Life (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Bresler is anxious to counter the "fl legend" of Napoleon III, but is not blind to his protagonist's complicity in the brutal repression of 1852, and points to imperial self-indulgence as a cause of disaster at Sedan in 1870.
		The influence of Napoleon III on nineteenth-century French history and culture is inestimable: his unlikely rise to power after the 1848 Paris revolutions cemented twenty years' worth of extravagance and folly, resulting in the splendors of the Haussmann re-development of the capital city and the horrors of the Mexican debacle and the Franco-Prussian War.
		It is interesting to read a biography of the Napoleon III after one on the First for the tales are really the same tale of prempted republics and celebrity families with their predations of revolutionary changes, as the ghost of hybrid reactionaries stalks the legacy of the new bourgeoisie.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0786706600?v=glance (2697 words)

	NapoleonIIITxt
		Louis Napoleon Bonaparte,was born in 1808 and died in 1873.
		The successes of Napoleon Bonaparte in government were associated with Louis Napoleon, giving him a greater chance in the election.
		Napoleon III took the field himself and was captured at Sedan.
	gallery.sjsu.edu /paris/politics/NapoleonIII00.htm (311 words)

	Louis Napoleon III (1808-1873) - By Miles Hodges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Louis was born the last of three sons of Louis and Hortense Bonaparte, king and queen of Holland during the regime of his uncle Napoleon I. With the final Restoration of the Bourbon monarchy in 1815 he left France for exile.
		In 1836 at Strasbourg and again in 1840 at Boulogne-sur-Mer he attempted to overthrow the government of French King Louis-Philippe--but failed in both attempts and was jailed as a result of the latter and sentenced to life imprisonment in Picardie.
		It was in the area of diplomacy that Louis Napoleon was finally undone--when the Prussian Chancellor, Bismarck, out-trumped Napoleon by drawing him into a war (the Franco-Prussian War of 1870) over the French-German borderlands in Alsace and Lorraine.
	www.newgenevacenter.org /biography/louis-napoleon2.htm (885 words)

	The Napoleon
		The Napoleon was light enough to be moved rapidly on the battlefield by horses, heavy enough to destroy field fortifications almost a mile away, and versatile enough to fire solid shot, shell, spherical case, and cannister.
		The Napoleon ammunition chest carried 12 rounds of fixed solid shot, 12 rounds of fixed spherical case, 4 fixed shell rounds, and four fixed cannister rounds.
		The Napoleon commonly fired a 2 ½ pound charge of fl powder which was contained in a cartridge bag made of wool.
	www.nps.gov /vick/interp/napoleon.htm (748 words)

	Career Of Napoleon III
		The next phase of interest in this revival of the Great Power drama was the exploitation by the Emperor Napoleon III and the king of the small kingdom of Sardinia in North Italy, of the inconveniences and miseries of the divided state of Italy, and particularly of the Austrian rule in the north.
		Napoleon III was even more rash in his assumption that after all the new world had fallen before the old.
		This was the entanglement which pre vented Napoleon III from interference between Prussia am Austria in 1866, and this was the reason why Bismarck precipitated his struggle with Austria.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles33n/history-9.shtml (2475 words)

	Second French Empire - Return of Napoleon III
		Napoleon III's foreign policy was as contradictory as his policy in home affairs, L'Empire, c'est la paix, was his cry; and he proceeded to make war.
		Napoleon III, whose joy was at its height owing to the signature of a peace which excluded Russia from the Black Sea, and to the birth of Eugene Bonaparte, which ensured the continuation of his dynasty, thought that the time had arrived to make a beginning in applying his system.
		Napoleon had hoped to gain fresh prestige for his throne and new influence for France by an intervention at the proper moment between combatants equally matched and mutually exhausted.
	www.bonjourlafrance.net /france-facts/france-history/second-french-empire.htm (4627 words)

	History Bookshop.com: Napoleon III and Palmerston
		In the wake of the assassination attempt Napoleon III was keen to demonstrate that his improvements to the naval base at Cherbourg were not a threat to Britain, and in August 1858 he invited Victoria and Albert, several politicians and naval men, to inspect them as a mark of trust.
		Napoleon III's vigorous support of free trade resulted in the pioneering Cobden-Chevalier Treaty of 1860 which, while it undoubtedly harmed a minority of trades, vastly improved the majority, increasing prosperity and mutual trust.
		Napoleon III's attempt to set up a European monarchy in Mexico was his only independent action undertaken in the 1860s to meet with Palmerston's general approval, but only for what the scheme potentially meant for British trade.
	www.historybookshop.com /articles/commentary/napoleon-3-palmerston-ht.asp (3230 words)

	Louis Napoleon Bonaparte \| Napoleon III \| Louis Napoleon \| Emperor of France \| Questia.com Online Library
		Napoleon III - (Louis Napoleon Bonaparte), 1808–73, emperor of the French (1852–70), son of Louis Bonaparte (see under Bonaparte, family), king of Holland.
		England and Napoleon III, a Study of the Rise of a Utopian Dictator » Read Now
		...Michele Cunningham demonstrates that Napoleon III's motives for intervening in Mexico in the 1860s were consistent with his foreign policy, which was based on his belief...
	www.questia.com /library/history/european-history/france/19th-century-france/louis-napoleon-bonaparte.jsp (1511 words)

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