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	First French Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The First French Empire, commonly known as the French Empire or the Napoleonic Empire, covers the period of the domination of France and much of continental Europe by Napoleon I of France.
		On the other hand, Napoleon's creation of the Kingdom of Italy, his annexation of Venetia and her ancient Adriatic Empire - wiping out the humiliation of 1797 - and the occupation of Ancona, marked a new stage in his progress towards his Roman Empire.
		Napoleon's material omnipotence could not stand against the moral force of the pope, a prisoner at Fontainebleau; and this he did not realise.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_French_Empire (2394 words)

	Encyclopedia: Napoleonic Wars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Napoleon was an innovator in the use of mobility to offset numerical disadvantages, as he brilliantly demonstrated in his rout of the Austro-Russian forces in 1805 in the Battle of Austerlitz.
		Because the revolution and Napoleon's reign witnessed the first application of the lessons of the 18th century's wars on trade and dynastic disputes, it is often falsely assumed that such ideas were the fruit of the revolution rather than ideas which found their implementation in it.
		The Confederation of the Rhine furnished Napoleon with the bulk of the remainder of the forces with Saxony and Bavaria as principal contributors.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Napoleonic-Wars (12006 words)

	First French Empire -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The First French Empire stands distinct from its imitator and would-be successor, the (Click link for more info and facts about Second French Empire) Second French Empire of (Nephew of Napoleon I and emperor of the French from 1852 to 1871 (1808-1873)) Napoleon III (1852-1870).
		So First Empire France had no internal (A record or narrative description of past events) history outside the plans and transformations to which Napoleon subjected the institutions of the Consulate, and outside the after-effects of (Click link for more info and facts about his wars) his wars.
		Napoleon's material omnipotence could not stand against the moral force of the pope, a prisoner at (Click link for more info and facts about Fontainebleau) Fontainebleau; and this he did not realise.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fi/first_french_empire.htm (1618 words)

	A Study of the Rise and Fall of the Napoleonic Empire
		Napoleon required a pretext for the invasion of Russia though, and although his relationship with Alexander had been unstable at best to that point, a much larger concern was Alexander’s failure to enforce the Continental System—essentially a European trade blockade of Britain designed by Napoleon.
		Napoleon was shown that he was unable to rival Britain both economically and militarily, and the ruler of the waves flew its monarchist flag as proud as any nation in Europe, something that must have incited not only Napoleon, but the revolutionary inside every Frenchman.
		It was therefore Napoleon’s lust for conquest that led to the restoration of the monarchy and the (albeit temporary) fall of the French republic.
	www.sfu.ca /~tchand/napoleonic_wars.html (2609 words)

	H-France Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Napoleon’s imperialism was little more than a spoils system to extract Napoleongeld for “there was nothing definitively 'cultural' about it; nor could it be construed as a mark of the enlightened 'modernity' of his administrative 'model'”(p.
		Michael Broers (“Policing the Empire: Napoleon and the Pacification of Europe”) insists Napoleon’s major work in the conquered territories was “a process of pacification” to “forge a state powerful and efficient enough to enforce mass conscription on the peoples of western Europe” (p.
		Napoleon’s empire, whether vassal states or new kingdoms for his brothers, is presented as more exploitative and self-serving than had previously been thought.
	www.uakron.edu /hfrance/reviews/jordan2.html (1635 words)

	Napoleonic Titles and Heraldry
		Napoleon was exiled to the island of Elba, off the coast of Italy; he was given sovereignty over the island for his lifetime (the arms of the island under Napoleon were argent on a bend gules three bees or).
		Napoleon then ceded his rights to the crown of Spain and the Indies to his brother Joseph by treaty of Bayonne, 5 July 1808.
		As with Napoleon I, Napoleon III was allowed to adopt a son from among the descent of the brothers of Napoleon I, but this ability was denied to any successor.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/france/napoleon.htm (6133 words)

	The French Revolt and Empire
		Napoleon himself was not of a disposition to resist playing the same power games as those around him, and so not until 1815 did the wars end with the battle of Waterloo and the return of a monarch to Paris.
		Napoleon however, was increasingly aware of the negative effects of the ongoing warfare which threatened stability at home and he hoped to encourage Austrian neutrality by preventing the sort of resentment which usually accompanied severe war reparations.
		Napoleon remained in Moscow in the belief that an armistice would soon be offered, but none was forthcoming, and after a month of waiting he realized that the situation had become serious.
	wtj.com /articles/napsum1 (3463 words)

	Napoleon Bonaparte Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Napoleon Bonaparte was born of lower noble status in Ajaccio, Corsica on August 15, 1769.
		Almost all of Europe was under Napoleon's control, and the invasion of Russia was an attempt to force Czar Alexander I to submit once again to the terms of a treaty Napoleon had imposed upon him four years earlier.
		The Duke of Wellington opposed Napoleon at Waterloo.
	members.tripod.com /~mhkerekes/napoleontl.htm (2034 words)

	Untitled
		Napoleon was totally dedicated to his work, he read reports and studied maps well into the night, his greatest joys in life were the dictation of policy, and the planning of battle.
		The major flaw of Napoleon's leadership was that he never had a cohesive plan of action; Napoleon was a man of the hour, dealing with the multitude of possibilities in the present, but never looking to the future, totally naïve of the gathering legions of powers that were plotting against him.
		Napoleon's greatest blunder of the Russian campaign was that he underestimated the weather, and when he finally realized the disastrous consequences, he was angered: "I came to Russia to fight men, not nature." The retreat was plagued at every turn by Cossacks, peasants, the remnants of the Russian army, and especially the frigid temperatures.
	members.aol.com /CWDeWitt/Napoleon.html (6158 words)

	List of battles (alphabetical) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Battle of Abrittus - 251 - Gothic invasion of the Roman Empire
		Battle of Naissus - 269 - Gothic Invasion of the Roman Empire
		Battle of Pavia (271) - Alamanni Invasion of the Roman Empire
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_battles_(alphabetical) (5238 words)

	H-Net Review: Martyn Lyons on Napoleon
		Instead, he argues, the Empire was improvised according to military circumstances and political opportunity.
		6), and again, "the social accretions of Empire did not appear all at once, like a crop of mushrooms overnight; they came in staggered phases, which were themselves determined by the chronology of war" (pp.
		But he views the Empire as a "spoils system", in which French exactions and institutionalised plunder undermined the egalitarian potential of social reforms.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=29138875899001 (1145 words)

	H-France Reviews
		Historians--this reviewer included--have usually gravitated to "where the action is” in Napoleonic studies, and that action is found most easily in the outer empire and those parts of the hexagon where the battles of the Revolution remained to be won.
		The cumulative effect of this is to make the interior of the Napoleonic empire something of a "heart of darkness" in terms of local studies.
		This neglect is all the more lamentable because the archival sources for the Napoleonic period in the provinces are excellent, and their richest elements tend to be centralised in the Archives Nationales de Paris, a truth well borne out by this study.
	www.h-france.net /vol2reviews/broers.html (1711 words)

	HY424 The Napoleonic Empire: The Making of Modern Europe? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Napoleonic Empire was crucial in the formation of modern Europe.
		Much of Europe was covered by the Napoleonic Empire and its impact was felt on all of Europe and parts of the non-European world.
		Through an analysis of both the areas directly incorporated into the Napoleonic empire and of those outside it, the course will examine the extent of the direct and indirect influence of this era on the development of what we understand by a modern European society and a modern state system.
	lse.ac.uk /resources/calendar2004-2005/courseGuides/HY/2004_HY424.htm (347 words)

	Kubrick's Napoleonic empire - theage.com.au
		Now the film maker's extraordinary research archive into Napoleon Bonaparte, including 18,000 catalogued images of the period and a day-by-day account of the emperor's life, is to be made available to the public.
		Although Kubrick kept the archive secret, it is being placed on the Internet by his widow, Christiane, to dispel myths surrounding her husband's interest in the emperor.
		"Stanley was hooked on Napoleon, and by the end he had become something of a scholar in his own right.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2002/05/06/1019441475076.html (178 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Books: The Napoleonic Wars: The Rise and Fall of an Empire (Essential Histories Specials) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Napoleonic Wars saw fighting on an unprecedented scale in Europe, Africa and the Americas.
		It took the wealth of the British Empire, combined with the might of the continental armies, almost two decades to bring down one of the worlds greatest military leaders and the empire that he had created.
		Napoleon's ultimate defeat was to determine the history of Europe for almost 100 years.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/1841768316 (567 words)

	The Napoleonic Empire, Second Edition by Ellis, ISBN 0333990056 And Proverbium: Yearboook of International Proverb ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Geoffrey Ellis offers an up-to-date synthesis of recent research into the aims and effects of Napoleonic rule in France and in conquered Europe.
		Thoroughly revised, this second edition provides much more extensive coverage of Napoleon's treatment of the annexed lands and subject states of the "Grand Empire," as well as of military conscription and desertion, and the role of the Gendarmerie in the war against brigands and military defaulters.
		The legacy of Napoleonic rule is discussed in greater depth, and the book also features a more comprehensive bibliography.
	pelzerframestudio.com /empirey.htm (202 words)

	SIEVES - Online Information article about SIEVES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		empire he rarely emerged from his retirement, but at the time of the See also:
		His lackof character and wide sympathies was a misfortune for the National Assemblies which he might otherwise have guided with effect.
		See A. Neton, Sieyes (1748—1836) d'apres documents inedits (Paris, 1900) ; also the chief histories on the French Revolution and the Napoleonic empire.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /SHA_SIV/SIEVES.html (1184 words)

	AllRefer.com - Austria - The Habsburg Empire And The French Revolution - The Napoleonic Wars \| Austrian Information ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Because French domination of Germany raised the possibility that Napoleon Bonaparte or one of his subordinates could be elected Holy Roman Emperor, Leopold's son, Franz II (r.
		He accomplished this by arranging a marriage between Franz's daughter, Marie Louise, and Napoleon, who was eager for the prestige of marriage into one of the principal dynasties of Europe and the creation of an heir.
		The Holy Roman Empire and the Duchy of Austria
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/austria/austria28.html (745 words)

	NAPOLEONIC EMPIRE
		A country may have zero, one, or more armies in it.
		FRENCH SETUP The French Empire begins with 20 armies located in France.
		Each turn is composed of 4 phases: Draw Phase Move Phase Attack Phase Reinforcements Phase DRAW PHASE Draw 2 cards from the Deck.
	www.angelfire.com /games2/warpspawn/Nap.html (471 words)

	Find in a Library: The Napoleonic empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Subjects: Napoleon -- I, -- Emperor of the French, -- 1769-1821 -- Influence.
		Napoleon -- I, -- Emperor of the French, -- 1769-1821 -- Relations with Europeans.
		To find a library, type in a postal code, state, province, or country.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/275d355d1118d0c5a19afeb4da09e526.html (67 words)

	Powell's Books - Napoleon and the Transformation of Europe (European History in Perspective) by Alexander I. Grab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Alexander Grab explores the impact of Napoleon's domination throughout his empire and the response of the Europeans to his rule.
		Grab discusses Napoleon's exploitation of occupied Europe and particularly his reform policies, and assesses their success in transforming Europe.
		Grab (history, U. of Maine) examines the principal events and developments in the ten countries that comprised the Napoleonic Empire at one time or another: France, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, the Illyrian Provinces, Italy, Portugal, Poland (the Grand Duchy of Warsaw), Spain, and Switzerland.
	www.powells.com /biblio?isbn=0333682750 (353 words)

	Honoré de Balzac - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He was educated at the somewhat spartan college of the Oratorians at Vendôme, and then in Paris (from 1816) where he matriculated in jurisprudence, and worked as clerk to an advocate.
		He soon drifted towards journalism and contributed to political and artistic reviews set up by a new generation of intellectuals who viewed the cultural debris of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire, and the complacency of the restored monarchy with a mixture of cynicism, idealism and regret.
		By 1830 political discontent had swelled enough to overturn the Bourbon monarchy for good.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Honore_de_Balzac (1627 words)

	Russia and Ukraine: Literature and the Discourse of Empire from Napoleonic to Postcolonial Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Russia and Ukraine: Literature and the Discourse of Empire from Napoleonic to Postcolonial Times
		Chapter 1 is a historical summary of the political and cultural realities of a territorially expanding Russian empire in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
		The use of endnotes (often no more than references to a bibliography) rather than footnotes or in-text references does nothing to improve the utility of the reference system.
	www.utpjournals.com /product/utq/721/721_review_tarnawsky.html (698 words)

	OTTOMAN EMPIRE Napoleonic List (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Ottoman Empire of the Napoleonic wars is really an enigma.
		An odd mixture of modern and medieval forces it struggled through internecine strife while engaging external enemies (England, France, Russia, USA) at the same time throughout the Napoleonic wars.
		Their military field-craft and siege skills, offensive and defensive, were excellent (just ask Napoleon after his aborted siege of Acre).
	www.piquet.org /HouseRules/7.htm (408 words)

	List of battles (alphabetical) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Battle of Chrysler's Farm - 1813 - War of 1812
		Battle of Megiddo - 1469 BC - Egyptian-Canaanite War
		Battle of Pylos - 425 BC - Peloponnesian War
	www.enlightenweb.net /l/li/list_of_battles__alphabetical_.html (4710 words)

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