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Topic: Narratology

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	Narratology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Narratology is the theory and study of narrative and narrative structure and ([1]) the way they affect our perception.
		Usually, the term "narratology" is used in connection with fictional texts, which doesn't imply that non-fictional texts or other forms of fiction (theater, films, electronic entertainment, etc.) are not included in the studies' field.
		Important subtopics of narratology are the studies of continuity, verisimilitude, and suspension of disbelief (see also Fourth wall).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Narratology (5629 words)

	Focalization Without (Too Much) Fuss: Using Narratology to Teach Thérèse Desqueyroux (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Narratology offers a technique of criticism that is peculiarly well suited to students at this level—students who have grown up with television, who are often movie freaks or even comic book aficionados, who are often more highly attuned to the visual rather than the verbal aspects of art.
		Narratology offers the professor of literature a means by which to help students progress from describing what an author says to analyzing what an author does; allowing both students and professor to share a critical theoretical vocabulary provides a crucial step toward constructing critical readers in the foreign literature classroom.
		By using narratology in the foreign literature classroom, we demonstrate to our students that theory is not merely a tool for advanced scholarly research but also an integral part of the process of becoming competent and critical readers.
	www.mla.org /adfl/bulletin/v19n2/192007.htm (3426 words)

	Narratology: The Study of Story Structure. ERIC Digest.
		By distinguishing between parole (specific instances of spoken language) and langue (the idealized abstract grammar relating all the specific instances of speech), Saussure initiated "structuralism," the study of systems or structures as independent from meanings, and the field of semiotics was born (see ERIC Fact Sheet, "Semiotics").
		Although, strictly speaking, narratology refers only to the particular research of literary critics and anthropologists who study narrative discourse, a concern for narrative penetrates many academic disciplines.
		Narratology, then is fundamentally related to teaching and learning at all grade levels, and even beyond the classroom.
	www.ericdigests.org /pre-921/story.htm (1624 words)

	Walter de Gruyter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Narratology has traditionally narrowed its focus to questions concerned with the ‚narrative situation' and compositional structure (‚Bauformen').
		The Hamburg Narratology Research Group (www.narrport.uni-hamburg.de), which publishes the series, acknowledges the fundamental importance of narration for all cultural phenomena - which has not been sufficiently taken into account in traditional research into narratives.
		Following the heyday of narratology in the 60s and 70s under the auspices of the socalled ‚linguistic turn' and its decline in the 80s, a new interest in narratological problems is currently emerging in international research.
	www.degruyter.de /rs/ser_e.cfm?rc=19096 (381 words)

	Narratologies postcoloniales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		La narratologie, et particulièrement la narratologie structuraliste, a été l'objet de nombreuses critiques et controverses, dénonçant principalement sa rigueur positiviste et ses prétentions à la certitude et à l'univocité.
		Narratology, and especially structuralist narratology has encountered criticism because of its positivistic rigour and its pretensions to certainty and univocality.
		During this graduate conference, centered around the relations between narratology and postcolonialism, participants are warmly invited to present a specific narratological problem that they have encountered in their doctoral research, and which concerns Caribbean literature.
	www.fabula.org /actualites/article11682.php (1083 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Narratology
		Narratology is perhaps best understood as a term with a stricter and a looser sense.
		Broadly speaking, it is the name given to the critical and theoretical study of the numerous forms of narrative discourse, especially in literary and film studies.
		At its most ambitious, narratology tried to diagnose the same basic abstract structures at work in a huge variety of different narrative forms and texts.
	www.litencyc.com /php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=1252 (659 words)

	ICFFS-Diversity & Difference
		There are now formalist modulations of narratology but also dialogical or phenomenological ones; there are Aristotelian approaches to it as well as tropological or deconstructive ones; there are cognitivist and constructivist variations on it, historical, ideological, and anthropological views, feminist takes, queer speculations, and corporeal explorations.
		Maybe it is because the very domain and boundaries of the postcolonial are at least as problematic as those of narratology: maybe the postcolonial is (always already) everywhere but maybe it is (never yet) anywhere.
		In any case, I will sketch a postcolonial narratology which would basically adopt and rely on the results of (post)classical narratology but would inflect it and perhaps enrich it by wearing a set of postcolonial lenses to look at narrative.
	www.fsu.edu /~icffs/abstracts_div/Prince.html (285 words)

	Narratology Projects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Narratives are around us all the time--books, comics, television, movies, the internet, paintings, even politics and current events--so we are all "narratologists." Part of narratology is the study of language--the words used in narratives and the way they convey the story.
		Narratology is also about the structure of narrative and the way repeated patterns and layers can add meaning and depth to a story.
		Narratology also involves studying audiences and the way people react to narratives.
	www.georgetown.edu /users/krv/narratology.htm (249 words)

	NEW TESTAMENT
		Mieke Bal is the active participant in the narratology debate who most insistently presses the issue of the relation of structuralism to current critical discourse.
		Her contribution to "Narratology Revisited" (1990) develops this critical narratology in several of the specific directions that Caws has indicated, keeping a balance between structuralism's critical potential and the need to critique existing structuralisms.
		Narratology, in other words, can find new life in being applied to other fields, as Bal herself demonstrates by applying its methods to anthropology, visual art, and natural sciences.
	www.vanderbilt.edu /AnS/religious_studies/NTBib/structure.html (1701 words)

	Narratology as a cognitive science by David Herman
		Whereas narratology began as a subfield within structuralist literary and cultural theory, and looked initially to linguistics as its "pilot science," I suggest that both narrative theory and linguistics should instead be construed as resources for cognitive science.
		In founding the discipline of narratology (or at least naming it), Todorov's 1969 study of Boccaccio's Decameron borrowed categories from traditional grammars to compare narrated entities and agents with nouns, actions and events with verbs, and properties with adjectives (Todorov 1969).
		Insofar as narratology both requires emergent topics of cognitive-scientific study to frame some of its most important questions and also suggests new strategies for framing the questions being explored by practicing cognitive scientists, it deserves a place alongside the other subfields so richly documented in MITECS.
	www.imageandnarrative.be /narratology/davidherman.htm (9849 words)

	E. Anastasiou: Review of Kearns, Rhetorical Narratology
		In general, narratology aims at uncovering a "grammar" of narrative -- its structural elements -- to establish codes and rules regardless of specific plots and subject matters.
		He believes that, at best, narratology is subjective and can only give possible readings since, through rhetorical narratology's focus on the reader, it cannot be as prescriptive as other narratological approaches.
		Still, in his text, there is a belief in a level field for communication which cannot be taken for granted, a reliance on common scripts that erase differences, and a belief in a certain order of knowledge and a homogenous (literate) culture.
	rmmla.wsu.edu /ereview/54.2/reviews/anastasiou.asp (867 words)

	Narratology beyond Literary Criticism, Hamburg, November 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Narratology beyond Literary Criticism Second International Colloquium of the Narratology Research Group at Hamburg University Hamburg, 21 and 22 November 2003 The First International Narratological Colloquium organized by the FGN took place at Hamburg University in May 2002 and discussed the topic "What Is Narratology?".
		Our discussion was mainly based on papers that conceptualized Narratology from the point of view of literary criticism - that is, of Narratology as a critical approach either in terms of its subject matter (literary narratives), or due to its origin and genesis as a scholarly theory and method.
		The Second International Colloquium of the Narratology Research Group (Hamburg University, 21-22 November 2003) aims to go beyond this focus and engage in the exploration of approaches that broaden Narratology's realm.
	www.sun.rhbnc.ac.uk /Music/Conferences/03-b-nlc.html (387 words)

	Narratology links on the web
		General editor: Jan Baetens: "Image [and] Narrative is a university electronic review on visual narratology in the broadest sense of the term.
		"Image [and] Narrative is an academic e-journal on visual narratology in the broadest sense of the term.
		On literature, it solicits studies of such traditional subjects as metrics, diction, grammar, and syntax, figures of speech and other rhetorical devices, the relations between literary and linguistic study, and the styles of authors, genres, and periods.
	www.narratology.net /html/links.html (869 words)

	jahn99xa
		Narratology, he claims, is a "paradigm instance of theory in the strong sense" mustering "formidable apparatuses" (1989, 567n2) and strict rules to formulate general laws that disregard what happens when the practitioner-critic "makes" a valid interpretation -- processes that, he believes he has shown, are inaccessible to abstract theoretical analysis.
		Leaving narratology for defunct, Fish remains unaware of the fact that the discipline has actually weathered the worst of the poststructuralist storm and moved on in a number of (what should be, to Fish) interesting directions.
		Instructively, Knapp and Michaels exempt narratology from their attack against theory because it is "essentially empirical" and has "no direct bearing on the interpretation of individual works" (1982, 11) -- a view few narratologists today would be prepared to accept.
	www.uni-koeln.de /~ame02/jahn99xa.htm (11211 words)

	Story Generation Lectures, FG Narratology Hamburg
		Narrative perspective is one of the parameters investigated by Narratology, a literary approach that deals with the structure of narrative.
		Narratology analyzes the discursive structure of narratives as finalized products of human invention, such as novels, short-stories, or fairy-tales.
		Those narratives are rendered in a given surface form; Narratology focuses on narratives in natural language.
	www.rrz.uni-hamburg.de /story-generators/lectures.html (661 words)

	Pre-Structuralist and Structuralist Narratology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Narratorial effacement was seen by Henry James and Percy Lubbock as a superior mode of story-telling, in which the characters’ features were revealed through their own behavior.
		Pre-structuralist narratology established firm connections between the concept of character and those of narrator and point of view, which furnished new distinctions and more refined tools of investigation for the study of narrative models.
		However, the influence of narratology beyond its structuralist heyday can hardly be overestimated at present, when some of its concepts can be found among the common working instruments of cultural studies, of feminist and postcolonial theories.
	www.unibuc.ro /eBooks/lls/RaduSurdulescu-FormStructuality/Pre-Structuralist%20and%20Structuralist%20Narratology.htm (4986 words)

	Narratology Terms
		are presented in alphabetical order; however, someone beginning to learn narratology needs to stay conscious of the fact that the same terms sometimes refer to the same or analogous things (eg.
		I have tried to indicate terms that are related, as well as those terms that are used differently by two different narratologists.
		The Star Trek franchise is fascinating for narratology because it has managed to create such a fully realized and complex diegetic universe that the narratives of all five t.v.
	www.sla.purdue.edu /academic/engl/theory/narratology/terms/narrativetermsmainframe.html (3380 words)

	Narratology and text : Subjectivity and Identity in New France and Québécois literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The first section of Perron's study is devoted to an historico-notional overview of some of the major contributors to the theory of narrative, especially that of A.J. Greimas.
		Each work is examined in terms of its definitions of the self, the other, the group, the nation, language, race, and religion, as well as its treatment of the idea of place — the utopian here as opposed to a dystopian there or elsewhere.
		Fusing semiotics, narratology, stylistics, and literary and cultural theory with one of the only English-language studies on Greimas, this important work offers an original and thought-provoking contribution to studies of literature and semiotics.
	www.fabula.org /actualites/article7660.php (289 words)

	Narratology
		Narratology: a term used since 1969 to denote the branch of literary study devoted to the analysis of narratives, and more specifically, of forms of narration and varieties of narrator.
		Narratology as a modern theory is associated chiefly with European structuralism, although older studies of narrative forms and devices, as far back as Aristotle
		Level: diegesis: an analytic term used in modern narratology to designate the fictional world in which the narrated events or story (fabula) occur.
	www.calvertonschool.org /waldspurger/pages/narratol.htm (1092 words)

	Games Cyberspace
		Since the early sixties, narratology has steadily widened its scope by borrowing concepts from a variety of fields: traditional grammar, transformational grammar, optics, the cinema, psychoanalysis, formal semantics, game theory, social theory and feminism.
		Here I propose to expand the metaphorical repertory of narratology to a domain that owes much of its vitality and ability to market its ideas to its own skillful use of metaphor: cyberculture and computer technology.
		Through the development of four concepts inspired by computer programming--virtuality, recursion, windows and morphing--I hope to substantiate the claim that in narratology, as in other disciplines of the physical and social sciences, analogical thinking is the force that reveals new perspectives and moves knowledge forward.
	lamar.colostate.edu /~pwryan/abstracts13.htm (682 words)

	The HUMlab blog: ludology vs narratology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		It is entitled "The Last Word on Ludology v Narratology in Game Studies" and is a good read I think.
		Murray claims that narratology is the authority against which the ludologists have rebelled and she suggests that there might be no narratologists:
		The ludology v narratology argument argument can never be resolved because one group of people is defining both sides of it.
	blog.humlab.umu.se /archives/001066.html (384 words)

	Grethlein über Kindt / Müller (Hg.): What is Narratology?
		Dennoch kristallisieren sich zwei grundsätzlich verschiedene Wege heraus, Narratologie zu definieren: Einige Beiträge bestimmen den Gegenstandsbereich der Narratologie.
		Ein wissenschaftsgeschichtlicher Beitrag verdeutlicht, wie wenig die Entwicklung der Narratologie erforscht ist: Anja Cornils und Wilhelm Schernus wählen Oskar Walzel als den Ausgangspunkt ihres Überblicks und zeigen, daß narrative Strukturen zuerst in der Romantheorie erörtert wurden.
		Die Frage, welche Medien die Narratologie erfassen solle, wie eine medienübergreifende Narratologie zu konzeptionalisieren sei und welche Anregung die narratologische Analyse von Erzählungen aus dieser Erweiterung erfahren könne, wird in ihm nicht gefördert.
	iasl.uni-muenchen.de /rezensio/liste/Grethlein3110178745_896.html (2508 words)

	The Narratology of the Autobiography: An Analysis of the Literary Devices Employed in Ivan Bunin's The Life of Arsen'ev ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Narratology of the Autobiography: An Analysis of the Literary Devices Employed in Ivan Bunin's The Life of Arsen'ev by Andrew Wachtel
		This, too, might have made a reasonable topic for a short essay, but it adds very little to what was billed as a study of the narratology of The Life of Arsen'ev.
		In the end, this reader simply feels that narratological analysis in the detail presented here (a) is unnecessary and (b) causes the author to avoid examining most of the things in Bunin's great novel that are most worthy of discussion.
	www.utpjournals.com /product/utq/691/autobiography102.html (728 words)

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