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Topic: Nasr I of Samanid

	All Empires - The Samanid Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ahmad's son Nasr became governor of Transoxania in 875, but it was his brother and successor, Ismail I (892-907), who overthrew the Saffarids in Khorasan (900) and the Zaydites of Tabaristan, thus establishing a semiautonomous rule over Transoxania and Khorasan, with Bukhara as his capital.
		Samanid loyalty towards the Abbsaid Sunni caliphs might be explained from the religious point of view as an understandable recognition because of their belonging to the same branch of Islam.
		874 Jun. - The Caliph appoints Nasr ibn Ahmad the governor of Transoxania.
	www.allempires.com /empires/samanid/samanid1.htm (3054 words)

	Samanid Renaissance and Establishment of Tajik Identity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Samanid rulers not only respected scholars and poets, but invited them to their court, held group discussions, and participated in the sessions as major contributors.
		Bukhara was, under the Samanid rule, the Focus of Splendour, the Shrine of Empire, the Meetingplace of the most unique intellects of the Age, the Horizon of the literary stars of the world, and the Fair of the greatest scholars of the Period.
		In fact, many of the Samanid physicians and researchers were descendants of those who had recognized the merit of Greek medicine, especially the necessity of maintaining a balance among the four elements--earth, air, water, and fire--and who had ascribed fundamental value to them as criteria for preservation of, and restoration to, health.
	www.iles.umn.edu /faculty/bashiri/Samanid%20folder/Samanid.html (11099 words)

	Islamic Dictionary - Dictionaries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Isma`il bin Nuh II Isma`il bin Nuh II bin Mansur (died 395 A.H./1005 A.D.), known as Al-Muntasir, the last Samanid Emir of Transoxiana (ruled: 391-395 A.H./1001-1005 A.D.) He was captured by the Turkish King Ilk Khan who occupied Bukhara, but he escaped and sought refuge in Khwarazm where he met with his patrons and supporters.
		Nasr bin Ahmad bin Asad bin Saman (died 279 A.H./892 A.D.), the founder of the Samanid Dynasty of Transoxiana.
		Nasr bin Ahmad bin Isma`il Al-Samani (293-331 A.H./905-943 A.D.), ruler of Khurasan and Transoxiana (ruled: 301-331 A.H./914-943 A.D.) He ruled the state while still young with the assistance of his father's friends.
	dictionary.al-islam.com /Eng/Dicts/SelDict.asp?Lang=Eng&DI=51&Theme=67 (464 words)

	Mansur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is not clear what happened to Abu Nasr Mansur at this stage but certainly his pupil al-Biruni fled at the outbreak of the civil war.
		Certainly Abu Nasr Mansur worked on many topics as a result of requests from al-Biruni and a total of twenty-five works are known to have been written by him.
		Abu Nasr Mansur's main achievements are his commentry on the Spherics of Menelaus, his role in the development of trigonometry from Ptolemy's calculation with chords towards the trigonometric functions used today, and his development of a set of tables which give easy numerical solutions to typical problems of spherical astronomy.
	www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Mansur.html (1191 words)

	History of Islam
		Death of the Samanid ruler Nasr II, accession of Nuh.
		Death of the Samanid ruler Abdul Malik, accession of Manauf.
		Death of the Samanid ruler Mansur, accession of Nuh II.
	www.muslimaccess.com /sunnah/historyofislam/centuries/century10.html (592 words)

	The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire - Chapter 13
		Its walls were decorated with representations of the planets and twelve signs of the zodiac, identical to the Zurvanite motif found in the throne room of the Iranian Sasanid palace, Taqdis, centuries earlier.
		The Samanids were Sunni, but Nasr II was also sympathetic to the Shiite and Ismaili sects.
		The Samanids were even sympathetic to the much-persecuted Manichaeans, and many found refuge in Samarqand during their rule.
	www.berzinarchives.com /e-books/historic_interaction_buddhist_islamic/history_cultures_13.html (2186 words)

	History of Iran: Samanid Dynasty
		Ahmad's son Nasr became governor of Transoxania in 875 CE, but it was his brother and successor, Ismail I (892-907 CE), who overthrew the Saffarids in Khorasan (900 CE) and the Zaydites of Tabaristan, thus establishing a semiautonomous rule over Transoxania and Khorasan, with Bukhara as his capital.
		For instance the time of Nasr ibn Ahmad (914 - 943 CE) is described by many authors as the golden age of the Samanid rule, because of flowering of literature and culture.
		The main role in this process was played by the Samanid vazirs, the primer ministers, who themselves were the scholars of their time.
	www.iranchamber.com /history/samanids/samanids.php (831 words)

	The History of Bukhara by Narshaki
		Nasr al-Qubavi translated the book into Persian, since in his day people found it difficult to read Arabic, and some of his friends requested him to make the translation.
		The last part of the book tells of the rise of the Samanids followed by sections on each of the rulers, although the text becomes less detailed with later rulers of the dynasty.
		It is nonetheless a prime source on the history of the Samanids.
	www.ku.edu /carrie/texts/carrie_books/paksoy-2/cam3.html (2473 words)

	UzDessert - Your Guide to Uzbek Culture! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Its prosperity in the ancient times, then during the reign of the Samanids and Timurids, is connected with the involvement of the region in the international economic interrelations.
		As far back as in the pre-Islamic period, Zoroastrism - the world spread religious system was born on the territory of the present day Uzbekistan (in Khorezm) and became common property of all mankind.
		The final victory of Islam in Turan may be related to the creation of politically and spiritually united state of the Samanid Turks in the 9th century with the center in the Zarafshan oasis (Samarkand and Bukhara).
	www.uzdessert.uz /ver4/history/history.html (938 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Samanid rulers were partial to music and, for the administration of their realm, imitated the Sassanians.
		At the Samanid court, the synthesis of poetry and music that had begun under the Sassanians continued and led to a series of innovations in the ancient art and in its enrichment.
		This genre was further used during the Samanids to compose spring odes, odes for festivities, and odes containing praise.
	www.iles.umn.edu /faculty/bashiri/Borbad/Rajabzod.html (2361 words)

	Samanid - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Samanids were the first native rulers after the Arabic conquest, and they are considered the beginning of the Tajik nation.
		Avicenna: Court Physician of the Samanid Dynasty (Great Muslim Philosophers and Scientists of the Middle Ages)
		The state and the military: The Samanid case (Central Asia)
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /samanid.htm (97 words)

	Samanid Emirate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Samanid Emirate replaced the Tahirid Emirate in Transoxiana in 820.
		Samanid power began a decline with the rise of the
		The revolt of the Ghaznavids brought the Emirate to an end around the year 1000.
	www.family-of-man.com /CatalogEnglish/Asia%20Minor/Persia/samanid_emirate.html (71 words)

	Iran & Iranian Web Site History & Persian Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Salih was succeded by his brother Dirham ibn Nasr, who appointed Yaqub as the general of his army.
		In the year 261/874 Nasr ibn Ahmad ibn Asad was appointed ruler of Transoxania by al - Mutamid, the Abbasid caliph.
		It also included to the northeast Torkestan and the borders of China, During the rule of Nasr ibn Ahmad ibn Ismail Kerman was occupied by Muhammad ibn Ilyas and thus was added to the Samanid domains.
	www.persian.ws /7000/7000-4.htm (1736 words)

	Al-Biruni (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Certainly by the age of seventeen al-Biruni was engaged in serious scientific work for it was in 990 that he computed the latitude of Kath by observing the maximum altitude of the sun.
		The Banu Iraq were the rulers of the Khwarazm region and Abu Nasr Mansur, al-Biruni's teacher, was a prince of that family.
		He had a long-standing collaboration with his teacher Abu Nasr Mansur, each asking the other to undertake specific pieces of work to support their own.
	www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk /history/Mathematicians/Al-Biruni.html (2962 words)

	ICWC Traning Center - Tourism - Bukhara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Mausoleum of Samanid, one of the most famous monuments was well-preserved.
		The Mausoleum was built as a family crypt immediately after the death of Ismail Samanid's father.
		Later, Ismail Samanid himself and his grandson Nasr were also buried in it.
	www.tc.icwc-aral.uz /tourism/bukhara3.html (188 words)

	SAMANA RANGE - LoveToKnow Article on SAMANA RANGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Of these Ahmad and his second son Isma'il overthrew the Saffarids (q.v.) and the Zaidites of Tabaristan, and thus the Samanids established themselves with the sanction of the caliph Motarnid in their capital Bokhara.
		The first ruler (874) was Nasr I. (Nasr or Nasir b.
		under whom the Samanid dynasty was conquered by the Ghaznevids.
	26.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SA/SAMANA_RANGE.htm (473 words)

	Mansur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Both Ali ibn Ma'mun and Abu'l Abbas Ma'mun were patrons of the sciences and supported a number of top scientists at their court.
		Mahmud was extending his influence over the region from his base in Ghazna and made a demand of Abu'l Abbas Ma'mun in 1014 to have his name inserted into the Friday prayers.
		The article shows the improvement achieved by Abu Nasr Mansur in using 1 as the value of the radius, instead of 60 as was done by most Arabic astronomers.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /%7Ehistory/Mathematicians/Mansur.html (1191 words)

	MAHMUD OF GHAZNI - LoveToKnow Article on MAHMUD OF GHAZNI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Nub of the Samanid dynasty of Bokhara, early brought himself to notice (see SAMANIDS).
		He was raised to high office in the state by Aiptagins successor, Abt~ Ishk, and in A.H. 977), by the choice of the nobles of Ghazni, he became their ruler.
		When he was in the Punjab at this time, he heard of the invasion of Khorgsan by the Ilek Khan Nasr I. ruler of Transoxiana whose daughter Mahmud had married.
	28.1911encyclopedia.org /M/MA/MAHMUD_OF_GHAZNI.htm (2881 words)

	The Samanids (DBA III/43c)
		The Samanids were tolerant of divergent religions, allowing Jewish traders (Radanites) to participate in the Silk Road trade, as well as supporting a substantial wine-making industry.
		The Samanid general Alptigin (of Turkish descent) threw his weight unsuccessfully behind another candidate, and subsequently withdrew to Ghazna (in Afghanistan) where he ruled semi-independently as a provincial governor.
		Although not listed by the Samanids as an enemy, the Central-Asian City States (III/8) list the Samanids as their enemy, with good reason since Samarkand, Ferghana, Tashkent and other cities of the Silk Road in the Transoxia were made tributories by the Samanids.
	www.fanaticus.org /DBA/armies/III43c.html (621 words)

	Avicenna - Iran's Great mathematician and Philosopher, Ibn Sina wrote on on medicine as well as geometry, astronomy, ...
		It was his skill in medicine that was to prove of great value to ibn Sina for it was through his reputation in that area that the Samanid ruler Nuh ibn Mansur came to hear of him.
		After ibn Sina had cured the Samanid ruler of an illness, as a reward, he was allowed to use the Royal Library of the Samanids which proved important for ibn Sina's development in the whole range of scholarship.
		There followed a period of five years in which the Samanids tried to regain control but their period of power was over.
	www.farsinet.com /hamadan/avicenna.html (2850 words)

	Rudaki
		Rudaki was born in the village of Rudak in the district of Panjakent in 858.
		Serving at the court of the Samanids of Bukhara (874-999), he was one of the first poets to use the newly devised Persian alphabet, a transcription of the Pahlavi language using Arabic letters.
		Additionally, the fact that Nasr ibn Ahmad summoned Rudaki to his court and made him his special ward was not because he knew Rudaki personally but because Rudaki was supported by Abul Fadl Bal'ami, one of the most prominent Wazirs (court minister) of the era.
	www.angelfire.com /rnb/bashiri/Poets/Rudaki.html (1627 words)

	Islamset-Islam - Turkish Ghaznawid State
		After his death, he was succeeded by his mamluk and son-in-law Nasser-El-Din Sabuktigin who fought in the name of Samanids in northern India; he captured Pest and Kasdar in 368 A.H. and defeated the armies of Jeebal, Raja of Lahore, on the Punjab border.
		He abolished the Samanid name from the Friday prayers in his kingdom and used the Abbasid Caliph's name Al-Kadir Billah instead.
		The historian Abu Nasr Mohammad Ibn Abdul Jabbar al-Utbi also lived there and wrote the "History of the Yamini", a biography of Mahmud al-Ghaznawi and his holy wars up to 409 A.H. This book was written in Arabic so that Iraqis would read it.
	www.islamset.com /islam/civil/ghazna.html (526 words)

	Persian Language & Literature: Roudaki
		He was one of the first poets to use the newly devised Persian alphabet, a transcription of the Pahlavi language using Arabic letters.
		When his fame in poetry reached Bokhara, he was invited to the court by Emir Nasr II Ibn Ahmad Samanid personally.
		By that time, the Samanid state had won its independence from the Caliphate both in politics and economy.
	www.iranchamber.com /literature/roudaki/roudaki.php (494 words)

	Chronological Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		875 Nasr ibn Ahmad (864-92) from the family of the Samanids (govemors of Khurasan since 819) receives the province of Transoxiana (Bukhara, Samarqand) from the caliph.
		In Iran the Samanid dynasty's authority begins to wane as conflicts within the court and popular uprisings in Khurasan sap its strength.
		With the end of Samanid authority in central Asia, the Oxus becomes the dividing-line between the Qarakhanids and the Ghaznavids.
	www.princeton.edu /~batke/itl/chron.html (6732 words)

	Jean ELSEN & ses Fils s.a. :: Numismatists :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		SAMANID, Nasr II bin Ahmad (AH 301-331/AD 914-943), AR dirham, AH 320, Samarqand.
		SAMANID, Nasr II bin Ahmad (AH 301-331/AD 914-943), AR dirham, AH 324, Balkh.
		SAMANID, Nasr II bin Ahmad (AH 301-331/AD 914-943), AR dirham, AH 325, Samarqand.
	www.elsen.be /index.aspx?tabindex=11&tabid=30&mid=73&directoryid=+1104&ctrl=offerlist (282 words)

	IslamCan.com - Whose is the kingdom today?
		When the Samanid ruler, Nasr bin Ahmad (301 - 331 A.H), entered Nishapur, he held a court.
		After ascending the throne, he wanted the proceedings to be started with the recitation from the Holy Qur'an.
		Nasr was struck with awe; he descended the throne trembling, took off the crown and fell down in prostration, saying: "O my Lord, Kingdom is Yours, not mine!"
	www.islamcan.com /cgi-bin/increaseiman/htmlfiles/static/103612648838341.shtml (106 words)

	Al Biruni
		Al-Biruni was born near Kath and the town were he was born is today called Biruni after the great scholar.
		Another kingdom which was rapidly rising in influence was the Ghaznavids whose capital was at Ghazna in Afghanistan, a kingdom which was to play a major role in al-Biruni's life.
		In 995 the rule by the Banu Iraq was overthrown in a coup.
	zia.rahin.iwarp.com /albiruni.htm (2961 words)

	TIMELINE 10th CENTURY page of ULTIMATE SCIENCE FICTION WEB GUIDE
		Islamic History of the 10th Century 902/3-32 Arethas, archbishop of Caesarea The Byzantine Empire in the 10th Century 903: Assassination of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Said; accession of Abu Tahir.
		Islamic History of the 10th Century 998: Death of the Samanid ruler Mansur II, accession of Abdul Malik II.
		Islamic History of the 10th Century 999 Basil II conquers Homs in Syria, winters in Tarsos The Byzantine Empire in the 10th Century 999: End of the Samanids.
	www.magicdragon.com /UltimateSF/timeline10.html (5480 words)

	Creation of the Universe and Evolution of Life (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		His father ‘Abdullah had migrated from Bulkh of Bukhara where he became an official of the Samanid administration.
		He was called on by the Samanid Prince Nuh bin Mansur for his treatment who was suffering from a severe illness.
		Having cured the Prince he was allowed to make use of the splendid library of the Samanid princes in Bukhara which benefitted him immensely.
	www.ignca.nic.in /ps_04017.htm (1873 words)

	Religious Architecture and Islamic Cultures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		914), built by Nasr ibn Ismail, square canopy tomb; tapering walls; engaged columns on the corner; very rich decorative program using brick motifs and patterns.
		The Samanid Mausoleum in Bukhara, detail of hazar-baf on the spandrel of the portal.
		The Samanid Mausoleum in Bukhara, detail of the squinch.
	web.mit.edu /4.614/www/developmentmausolea.html (48 words)

	Samaniden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Die ersten Samaniden wurden 819 Statthalter der Tahiriden in Samarkand, Fergana, Sasch und Herat.
		Nasr I. ibn Ahmad (874 – 892) wurde 874 nach dem Sturz der Tahiriden durch die Saffariden von den Abbasiden als Statthalter in Transoxanien eingesetzt und konnte faktisch unabhängig regieren.
		Unter Ismail I.) konnten die Saffariden aus Khorasan vertrieben und die Kontrolle über weite Teile des östlichen Iran errungen werden.
	bodo.subdomain.de /Samaniden (390 words)

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