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Topic: Natchez people

	Natchez Trace and the People
		The Grand Village of the Natchez Indians, a ceremonial mound center in Natchez, is overshadowed by the town’s antebellum district, yet this National Historic Landmark interprets the 500-year-old history and archeology of the Natchez tribe.
		A Natchez author, Clifford "Gene" Snyder, has compiled and edited the major research on the Natchez people and his work is on record with the Library of Congress.
		The Natchez are called a four-mother nation because the principal clan mothers are considered to be the "four mothers"of the people.
	www.snowwowl.com /peoplenatchez.html (1708 words)

	Encyclopedia: Natchez (people) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Natchez language is a language isolate, although a distant relationship to the Muskogean languages has been posited.
		The primary settlements of the Natchez (Nvce) are presently in the southern half of the Mvskoke reservation and the west central part of the Cherokee reservation in Oklahoma, especially near Braggs, Sourjohn Mountain, Natcheztown (Notchietown @ Gore), and Hulbert.
		The Natchez are called a four-mother nation because the principal clan mothers are considered to be the "four mothers"of the people.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Natchez-%28people%29 (960 words)

	Natchez (people)
		The surviving Natchez took refuge with the Chickasaw, Cherokee, and Creek and accompanied them to Oklahoma in the 1830s.
		The Natchez were primarily farmers and grew corn, beans, and squash.
		The Grand Village (now Natchez, a city in Mississippi) was their largest ceremonial centre by the 1700s, but Emerald Mound (near Natchez) was possibly the main centre before the 17th century.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0010958.html (466 words)

	Natchez, Mississippi - Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger, Sheboygan, Wisconsin
		The Natchez Trace experienced its heaviest use from 1785 to 1820 by the “Kaintuck” boatmen that floated the Ohio and Miss.
		Natchez is the site of the Grand Village of the Natchez Indians, including burial mounds and a museum, and a number of fine antebellum homes.
		Natchez was the capital of the territory of Mississippi (1798-1802) and the first state capital of Mississippi (1817-21).
	www.galenfrysinger.com /natchez_mississippi.htm (518 words)

	Natchez Mississippi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Natchez is right in the middle of this section of bluffs along the river.
		It's the climate, it's the people, it's the view, it's the culture, it's the food, it's the history, it's the character of the city.
		The people of Natchez have committed the city to preserving the culture of the antebellum South -- albeit sanitized.
	users.stlcc.edu /jangert/natchez/natchez.html (1286 words)

	Natchez (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Natchez was inhabited for centuries by prehistoric Indians, before the white man came and was later settled by the Natchez Indians, then by the French in 1716, later by the British in 1763, the Spanish in 1779, and finally by the American immigrants in 1798.
		Natchez is famous for it "Under the Hill"road along the Mississippi River, lined with the old buildings of the days of steamboats, cargo barges a hotel, bar and restaurant are still standing.
		All the people of the tribe worked together to construct and maintain the mounds, which were a flat-top type of mound upon which a building was constructed.
	www.russianwomenmagazine.com /travel/natchez.htm (1351 words)

	The Natchez Indians
		Certainly Natchez Indians were counted among the thousands of warriors who chased the broken Spanish army down the Mississippi River as they sought their escape from North American under the command of Soto's successor, Luis Moscoso de Alvarado.
		The Natchez are famous in the anthropological literature on Southeastern Indians for their elaborate social and ceremonial system and for their use of platform mounds, both of which are key to their identity as the last example of the mound-building cultures that dominated the Mississippi Valley during late prehistoric times.
		French settlement alongside the Natchez began peacefully, but by the 1720s increasing demands upon their lands and resources led to hostilities, which culminated in a devastating war with the French during which the Natchez suffered tremendous losses.
	www.uark.edu /depts/contact/natchez.html (705 words)

	Natchez people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Natchez were divided into two classes, with a three-part upper class and a lower class.
		The upper classes were referred to as the Suns, Nobles, and Honored Peoples, while the name of the lower class is usually translated into English as "Stinkards." According to early French accounts, the Natchez practiced class exogamy, an unique marriage practice in which all members of the upper classes had to marry Stinkards.
		The Great Suns were so revered by the Natchez people that at the death of a Sun, many practiced voluntary suicide.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Natchez%20(people) (633 words)

	Public Anthropology
		The incidences of violence which occurred in Natchez is well documented, however, Albrecht focuses on the periods of peace which existed between the two peoples in order to scrutinize the cultural change and adjustment which occurred and the extent of acculturation.
		Hawley suggests that the eastern pueblo people’s traditionally patriarchal social structure facilitated their acceptance of the visiting priests as "padres" who were directed by a higher power, the Pope, who received his dictates from God, the highest Father.
		In contrast, the western pueblos are structured on a more matrilineal basis, in which it is the responsibility of the mother’s brother to discipline a child, and in which a child’s sense of stability comes from the mother and her relatives.
	www.publicanthropology.org /Archive/Aa1946.htm (11913 words)

	Hiawatha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Natchez braves of the River Nation of the Longhouse of the Orange Skies proudly celebrate the buffalo and the eagle.
		When the foolish White Man beguiles the young brave into believing that the Natchez people are superstitious and worship poles with engraved images, he speaks with the forked tongue of the serpent that doused his flame in a garden of life, long, long ago.
		Natchez braves seek a world pleasing to the eye of the Great Spirit, even when that search requires them to be tested at the lowly place where brimstone surrounds the eternal campfire, and a great tree supports the sky.
	www.rushengineering.com /natchez/natchez1.htm (2845 words)

	Natchez Indian Tribe History
		The Natchez were therefore not exterminated by the French, as has frequently been stated, but after suffering severe losses the remainder scattered far and wide among alien tribes.
		Though the accounts of the Natchez that have come down to us appear to be highly colored, it is evident that this tribe, and doubtless others on the lower Mississippi, occupied a somewhat anomalous position among the Indians.
		In the main the Natchez appear to have been peaceable, though like other tribes, they were involved in frequent quarrels with their neighbors.
	www.accessgenealogy.com /native/tribes/natchez/natchezhist.htm (887 words)

	Natchez (people) - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Natchez (people) - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Natchez Trace National Scenic Trail, national scenic trail established in 1983.
		Natchez (Mississippi), city, seat of Adams County, southwestern Mississippi, on the bluffs above the Mississippi River; incorporated 1803.
	encarta.msn.com /Natchez_(people).html (111 words)

	Natchez (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Natchez were among some of the last native American groups to live in the area which is now known as southwestern Mississippi.
		The people of the tribe who lived over a wide area on family farms often gathered at the mound center for social and religious meetings, rituals, and activities.
		It was believed by the Natchez that in the distant past the son of the deity came to earth and brought civilization as his own people giving them laws, customs, ceremonies, and arts which made them powerful.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/cultural/northamerica/natchezindians.html (506 words)

	Natchez Mississippi(MS) 03/05/01 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Enslaved people were also once sold on city streets and at the landing at Natchez Under the Hill.
		Archaeological and historical evidence indicates that the Grand Village of the Natchez Indians was not really a "village." It was the main ceremonial mound center for the Natchez Indians during the early period of French exploration and colonization of the Natchez area (1682 - 1730).
		The only people who lived at the ceremonial center were the Great Sun, who was the Natchez chief, and a few tribal officials.
	www.nostalgiaville.com /travel/Mississippi/natchez30501.htm (1220 words)

	Natchez (people)
		The Natchez were the largest and most unified tribe of the region, with some 5000 people in the mid-1600s.
		The Natchez were well established in their villages between the Yazoo and Pearl rivers when the French set up a trading post in 1713.
		In 1729 the French, together with the Choctaw, drove the Natchez from the region.
	www.angelfire.com /realm/shades/nativeamericans/natchez.htm (188 words)

	Natchez - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Natchez, Mississippi, a town in the United States
		Natchez Trace, a trail from Natchez, Mississippi to Nashville, Tennessee
		Natchez Trace Parkway, a road that follows that trail
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Natchez (118 words)

	Natchez Indian Tribe
		The Natchez were the largest of three tribes speaking closely related dialects, the other two being Taensa and Avoyel, and this group was remotely related to the great Muskhogean family.
		Undoubtedly tribes of the Natchez group were encountered by De Soto and his companions in 1541-43, and it is highly probable that the chief Quigaltanqui, who figures so prominently in the pursuit of the Spaniards when they took to the Mississippi, was leader of the tribe in question or of one of its divisions.
		Relations between the French and Natchez were at first hostile, but peace was soon made and in 1699 a missionary visited the latter with a view to permanent residence.
	www.accessgenealogy.com /native/mississippi/natchezindianhist.htm (960 words)

	Native American in Natchez
		NATIVE AMERICAN in NATCHEZ, MISSISSIPPI HISTORIC NATCHEZ ON THE MISSISSIPPI CONVENTION AND VISITOR BUREAU P.O. Box 1485 Natchez, Mississippi 39121 (601) 445-7555 The Natchez People: The Natchez Indians were among the last Indian groups to inhabit the area now known as southwestern Mississippi.
		Natchez Trace: The Natchez Trace began centuries ago as a footpath, used by the Indians for movements between the southern and central areas of the North American continent.
		Grand Village of the Natchez Indians: At 400 Jefferson Davis Boulevard in Natchez, this historic park encompasses some of the land occupied by the Natchez Indians between 1682 and 1729.
	www.familytravelguides.com /articles/southeaststates/Mississippi/natzna.html (638 words)

	Natchez, indigenous people of North America. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Typical of the Mississippian cultural area, they were sedentary, agricultural people who cultivated corn, beans, and squash and hunted deer, turkey, and buffalo.
		The French established a mission among the Natchez in 1700 and a trading post in 1713, and there were initially friendly relations between the two groups.
		The French, aided by the Choctaw, retaliated for the Fort Rosalie massacre by attacking Natchez villages and scattering the inhabitants.
	www.bartleby.com /65/na/NatchezInd.html (399 words)

	IMA Hero: Reading Program Natchez Trace
		Natchez was an important town because it was located on the Mississippi River.
		People and animals had to walk in single file to avoid the swamps, creeks, and rivers.
		In 1800, people began to recognize the trail was an important communication link between the Northeast and the Southwest.
	www.imahero.com /readingprogram/trailnatchez.html (2804 words)

	Natchez foils Borat’s poor taste plans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Fortunately, the Natchez people with whom the comedian chose as the butt of his humor were a bit too quick for him.
		Although no Natchez scenes appear in the final cut of the film, the filmmakers managed to recreate the entire dinner party stunt on an innocent group of participants in another city.
		Natchez and its people may not be as backward and as gullible as he may have heard in Kazakhstan.
	www.natchezdemocrat.com /articles/2007/03/17/opinion/opinion399.txt (325 words)

	French Creoles \| Louisiana Indians
		The Louisiana Caddo were fundamentally a southeastern people their languages were unlike those to the east but may have been distantly related to other non-Muskogean languages in the Southeast.
		The Natchez speakers, in 1700, were of three tribes: the Taensa and Avoyel in Louisiana, and the Natchez of the Mississippi River's left bank.
		The group is further characterized as "wandering people west of the Mississippi" and elsewhere, with the Washa and Chawasha, as "wandering people o f the seacoasts." The name Chitimacha may be the people's own term for "those living on Grand River," or it may be Choctaw for "those who have pots.
	www.frenchcreoles.com /LouisianaPeople/louisianaindians/louisianaindians.htm (1154 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Natchez,
		Natchez A Native American tribe of the Hokan-Natchez linguistic group, originally living in the lower Mississippi valley.
		Natch·ez / ˈna ch iz / a historic port city on the Mississippi River in southwestern Mississippi; pop.
		The Natchez Trace, which leads from here to Nashville in Tennessee, was a 19th-century route for riverboatmen returning north from trips to New Orleans.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Natchez,&StartAt=1 (742 words)

	Grand Village of the Natchez Indians -- National Register of Historic Places Indian Mounds of Mississippi Travel ...
		Elaborate funeral ceremonies for the Natchez elite were conducted on the mound plaza.
		Fewer than 300 of the Natchez eventually were captured by the French and sold into slavery in the West Indies.
		The Grand Village of the Natchez Indians, designated a National Historic Landmark, is maintained as a park by the Mississippi Department of Archives and History.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/travel/mounds/gra.htm (620 words)

	Historic
		people, and a path that wanders past several ancient mounds and a reconstructed Indian house.
		of the Natchez Indians is a National Historic Landmark and is administered by the Mississippi Department of Archives and History.
		While the wealthy planter families lived in elegance and comfort, and the merchant class prospered, the more common people had a much less serene existence, and the slaves whose labors supported much of the community often fell ill with fever and disease brought on by living conditions that were barren at best, and sometimes harsh.
	www.gypsyjournal.net /historic_natchez.htm (1765 words)

	The Rubber Tree People: Mayan or Myth
		Of course people hear the word "Indian" and promptly plug the stereotypical notion of the Plains Indian into their minds, and then assume that both groups of Indians seen within the Star Trek series must in fact be the same group.
		Unlike the people of North America, the populations of mesoamerica did not have access to large herds of big game animals, like the buffalo, and hunting did not contribute to their diet on a scale large enough to be significant to so dense a population.
		It is my conclusion that the Rubber Tree People have little to do with any known cultural group, and that there is at least some possibility that in trying to revive their lost culture, the twenty-fourth century descendants incorporated cultural aspects that were not originally native to their ancestors.
	www.spiletta.com /rubbertree.html (9262 words)

	AllRefer.com - Natchez, indigenous people of North America (North American Indigenous Peoples) - Encyclopedia
		Natchez, indigenous people of North America, North American Indigenous Peoples
		Natchez[nach´iz] Pronunciation Key, indigenous North American people who lived along St. Catherine's Creek east of the present-day city of Natchez in Mississippi.
		Peace was maintained for a number of years, but skirmishes in 1716, 1723, and 1729 : when the Natchez massacred the encroaching French at Fort Rosalie : proved disastrous for the tribe.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/N/NatchezInd.html (497 words)

	The Natchez Indians
		In his opinion the Natchez lived comfortably in well-built houses around which peach trees were often planted for fruit and shade.
		During eight years at Natchez he became friends with the Natchez, who he said "make good use of their reason, who think justly, who are prudent, faithful, generous, much more than certain civilized nations." Much of his basic knowledge about Indians came from a Chitimacha slave girl whom he had acquired.
		Among the Natchez, members of each class were required to marry someone in a class lower than their own -- except that the miche-miche-quipy could either marry up the scale, or among themselves.
	www.backyardnature.net /loess/ind_natz.htm (1088 words)

	Network Realism: Process Modeling and Network Analysis - Douglas R. White
		The so-called "Natchez Paradox" of anthropological textbooks in the 1960s was the subject of the earliest application of network realism to problems of interpreting social organization in ways that contrast strikingly to biases introduced from European and American perspectives on indigenous kinship and social organization.
		His description of Natchez social organization made it seem illogical, because here was a ruling monarchy with a Sun King and royal lineage, one that had once ruled a larger area, that appeared to be locked into a set of illogical marriage rules.
		This 1971 reconstruction of how individuals were actually linked historically in the social networks of the Natchez people provides a classic example of how processual and network modeling can reveal and clarify analytical problems in the study of social structure.
	eclectic.ss.uci.edu /~drwhite/NetworkRealism.htm (1935 words)

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