Nation building - Factbites

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Topic: Nation building

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	Nation-building - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Originally nation-building referred to the efforts of newly-independent nations, notably the nations of Africa, to mould what had been colonial territories, carved up by colonial powers without regard to ethnic or other boundaries, into viable and coherent national entities.
		According to Dobbins, the greatest factor influencing successful nation building is "the level of effort, as measured in troops, money, and time." He also asserts that multilateral nation-building takes more time than a unilateral approach.
		Many critics consider nation building to be a euphemism for colonialism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nation-building (813 words)

	Native Nations Institute - What is Nation Building?
		It involves building institutions of self-government that are culturally appropriate to the nation and that are effective in addressing the nation’s challenges.
		Nation building involves developing the nation's capacity to make timely, strategically informed decisions about their affairs and to implement those decisions.
		In NNI’s usage, nation building refers to the efforts of Native nations to increase their capacities for self-rule and for self-determined, sustainable community and economic development.
	udallcenter.arizona.edu /nativenations/nationbuild.htm (204 words)

	Deconstructing Nation Building
		To call a nation building effort a success, therefore, we need to see that the military occupation of the target country was followed by the establishment of an enduring democracy.
		Lately, this confidence in the force of arms has centered on nation building, that is, the idea of invading and occupying a land afflicted by dictatorship or civil war and turning it into a democracy.
		In order to constitute a complete case of attempted nation building, troops have to have left the country (or be uninvolved politically if based in the country) so that we may see whether, in the absence of military support, a stable democracy continued to exist.
	www.amconmag.com /2005/2005_10_24/article1.html (1992 words)

	Rich Lowry on nation building & war on National Review Online
		This raises what should be another attraction of nation building for conservatives: it operates on the idea that the hoariest of Wilsonian ideals, self-determination, has its limits in the Third World, and that the West — at least when it comes to political organization and values — knows best.
		There are, of course, limits to nation building, which is probably too grandiose a phrase for the policy the U.S. should generally be pursuing.
		Conservatives concluded from Haiti and Somalia that "nation building" is always a woolly-headed misadventure, and from Vietnam that military operations, if they aren't to be disastrously compromised, must be sealed away from politics.
	www.nationalreview.com /lowry/lowry102201.shtml (854 words)

	Michael Ignatieff, "Nation-Building Lite," New York Times Magazine, 28 July 2002
		The unpleasant underside of nation-building is that the internationals' first priority is building their own capacity -- increasing their budgets and giving themselves good jobs.
		Nation-building lite is supposed to reconcile these principles: to safeguard American interests in Central Asia at the lowest possible cost and to give Afghanistan back a stable government of its own choosing.
		This is not because rich nations have been seized by a new tenderness of heart toward poor and failing ones.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/bush/lite.htm (7249 words)

	NATION-FORMATION AND NATION BUILDING
		Capturing the national imagination through the campaign for a "New Patriotism" is critical to nation-building.
		The "national character" of the NDR is therefore the resolution of the antagonistic contradictions between the oppressed majority and their oppressors; as well as the resolution of the national grievance arising from the colonial relations.
		Part of the debates on the characterisation of South Africa under apartheid was the question of whether national oppression was a necessary condition for South African capitalism, or whether, in fact, South African capitalism was a necessary condition for national oppression.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/discussion/nation.html (2529 words)

	LAND GROUPS: THE FOUNDATION FOR NATION BUILDING IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA - Part 1 of 2
		Fundamental to that vision is the view that the land group, the basic building block of traditional Melanesian society can be empowered, with wisdom and the transfer of management skills under the Land Groups Incorporation Act, to become the foundation for nation building.
		Thus one of the problems facing the state today is that the very building block of a Melanesian state should be the land group and not only the individual and yet all activities set up by the colonial presence bases the building of the state on the individual members.
		Nation states of the world in modern form are very recent being only up to a few hundred years old.
	www.pngbuai.com /development/2000/landgroup1-2.html (4683 words)

	Bush/Gore Second Presidential Debate October 11
		This idea of nation building is kind of a pejorative phrase, but think about the great conflict of the past century, World War II.
		LEHRER: But you said in the Boston debate, Governor, on this issue of nation building that the United States military is overextended now.
		It is a great tribute to our founders that 224 years later this nation is now looked to by the peoples on every other continent and the peoples from every part of this earth as a kind of model for what their future could be.
	www.fas.org /news/usa/2000/usa-001011.htm (7433 words)

	24 May 2003 Policy Brief
		But nation building generally requires the long-term commitment of ground forces, which are used either to depose the regime targeted by the United States or to maintain a regime that it favors.
		Nation building in target countries that have had periods of constitutional rule—characterized by the effective rule of law and binding limits on the government’s power—is more likely to succeed.
		In retrospect, success or failure in nation building depends on three critical variables: the target nation’s internal characteristics, a convergence of the geopolitical interests of the outside power and the target nation, and a commitment to economic development in the target nation.
	www.ceip.org /files/publications/HTMLBriefs-WP/24_May_2003_Policy_Brief/20009539v01.html (3766 words)

	Feldman, N.: What We Owe Iraq: War and the Ethics of Nation Building.
		America is up to its neck in nation building--but the public debate, focused on getting the troops home, devotes little attention to why we are building a new Iraqi nation, what success would look like, or what principles should guide us.
		What We Owe Iraq sets out to shift the terms of the debate, acknowledging that we are nation building to protect ourselves while demanding that we put the interests of the people being governed--whether in Iraq, Afghanistan, Kosovo, or elsewhere--ahead of our own when we exercise power over them.
		Noah Feldman argues that to prevent nation building from turning into a paternalistic, colonialist charade, we urgently need a new, humbler approach.
	www.pupress.princeton.edu /titles/7833.html (605 words)

	Gary Baines
		Nation building seeks to create a sense of belonging to the broader South African community and a pride in its achievements; what Deputy President Thabo Mbeki has recently termed a 'new patriotism'.
		In July 1997 it released a discussion document entitled Nation-Formation and Nation Building wherein the framers sought to 'assert African hegemony in the context of a multi-cultural and non-racial society'.
		[1] As chairperson of the Truth and Reconciliation Committee, Tutu is associated in the public mind with the process of reconciliation and nation building.
	www.arts.uwa.edu.au /MotsPluriels/MP798gb.html (4623 words)

	eBay - nation building, Worldwide, Nonfiction Books items on eBay.com
		Narratives of Nation Building in Korea by Sheila Miy...
		Politics of Identity and Nation Building in Northeas...
		Building a Nation State: China After Forty Years (Ch...
	search-desc.ebay.com /search/search.dll?query=nation+building&...&krd=1 (370 words)

	state.html
		Political parties and even nations may not appear as a sociologists' concern, social classes not as that of a political scientist, while industrialisation may be regarded as the economist's preserve, and dynastic states as that of the historian.
		Societies assume the characteristics of nations is the functional interdependence between its regions and its social strata as well as its hierarchic levels of authority and subordination becomes sufficiently great and sufficiently reciprocal for none of them to be able to disregard completely what the others think, feel or wish.
		As problems of nation states form the main topic of my contribution to this discussion, I thought it might be useful to indicate the connection between these problems and the most prominent of the contemporary system theories.
	www.usyd.edu.au /su/social/elias/state.html (3812 words)

	Nation Building--Post Conflict Reconstruction
		Of 16 efforts in nation building in the past democracy was sustained in only 4 cases, 10 years after the departure of US forces.
		Nation building--the restructuring of the governing institutions in foreign societies--is probably the most complex, costly, and, ultimately, frustrating foreign policy undertaking.
		Using the guideposts revealed, four scenarios are posited based on different sets of assumptions about the state of state- and nation building.
	www.au.af.mil /au/aul/bibs/postconflict.htm (5310 words)

	Nation Building, U.S. History, Lesson Plans, classroom activities
		But the Carnegie report considers Vietnam--and neighboring Cambodia--as cases of nation- building.
		It also points out that nation-building cannot succeed when a country is not secure and that neither the United States nor United Nations was willing to commit enough forces to pacify Somalia.
		The authors apparently believe it was not an example of nation-building because no attempt was made to topple or prop up a regime in Somalia.
	www.crf-usa.org /election_central/nation_building.htm (2727 words)

	frontline: give war a chance: nation building in bosnia
		Tony Lake, the president's National Security Advisor, pressed a new diplomatic approach dubbed "The Endgame Strategy." The goal was to end the war and to maintain a single, though divided, state in which the warring parties--the Croat and Muslim Bosnians and the Serbs--would be separated.
		The critical difference between stopping the war and building a peace was manifest in a series of Cabinet-level meetings just days prior to the opening of the Dayton talks.
		"The result," writes former National Security Council staffer Ivo Daalder in a forthcoming book on the administration's policy, "is an open-ended commitment to Bosnia's future, that places much of the responsibility for securing a lasting peace in the hands of the international community."
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/military/etc/peace.html (1507 words)

	RAND Review Spring 2005 Nation-Building
		Despite the United Nations’ significant achievements in the field of nation-building, the organization continues to exhibit weaknesses that decades of experience have yet to overcome.
		The United Nations is an international organization entirely dependent on its members for the wherewithal to conduct nation-building.
		The United Nations has an ability to compensate, to some degree at least, for its “hard power” deficit with “soft power” attributes of local impartiality and international legitimacy.
	www.rand.org /publications/randreview/issues/spring2005/nation.html (3171 words)

	Boston.com / News / Nation / Once against nation-building, Bush now involved
		WASHINGTON -- The very words "nation building" were akin to an expletive when George W. Bush ran for the White House four years ago.
		Susan E. Rice, who worked in the State Department and at the National Security Council during the Clinton administration, said Bush's remarks during his debate with Gore and his subsequent willingness to engage in nation-building show how little he understood US interests before he took office.
		But now, as he seeks a second term, United States intervention in Haiti is but the latest example of how nation-building has become a defining feature of his administration's foreign policy.
	www.boston.com /news/nation/articles/2004/03/02/once_against_nation_building_bush_now_involved?mode=PF (903 words)

	Mostar: Nation Building - CBS News
		While there is not much of a modern track record on nation building, there is Bosnia, where the United States and Europe have been performing a sort of lab experiment in nation building for almost a decade.
		In Iraq and Afghanistan, more than 150,000 troops -- and a projected price tag of hundreds of billions of dollars — were all devoted to nation building.
		Ask yourself the question, ‘What would Bosnia look like without nation building?’ They'd still be killing each other,” says Ignatieff.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2003/10/17/60minutes/main578648.shtml (1536 words)

	Nation Building
		Before September 11, the Bush administration wasn’t in favor of nation building, even when war was not in the picture.
		That maxim certainly serves as a reminder of the challenges of nation building.
		President Bush expressed his desire to pursue a policy of isolationism when he declared his opposition to nation building during his election campaign in 2000.
	www.ksg.harvard.edu /ksgpress/bulletin/spring2002/features/nation_building.html (1756 words)

	TheBostonChannel.com - Helen Thomas - Once Opposed, Bush Begins Nation Building
		Nation building in Iraq means not only getting the water and electrical supply going and arranging garbage collections.
		Bush's pledge to avoid nation building came during a debate with Democrat Al Gore at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, N.C., on Oct. 11, 2000.
		Now that we have blasted Iraq to save it (does that have a familiar ring?), Bush is in the business of nation building as U.S. military forces struggle to put that broken nation back together.
	www.thebostonchannel.com /helenthomas/2117601/detail.html (733 words)

	The Shaky State Of Nation-Building (washingtonpost.com)
		Iraq, the biggest and most troubled of these undertakings, has focused attention on the future of nation-building as an element of U.S. foreign policy as never before.
		That's because nation-building has come to mostly mean the comprehensive occupation of collapsed or defeated states, the remaking of entire societies and sky-high, endless costs.
		Instead Kosovo is a failed non-state, and the international community's willingness to export this dilemma to the future has stalled economic reconstruction, limited progress toward reconciliation, and generated uncertainty in Kosovo and throughout the Balkans.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A40422-2004Jul10.html (1077 words)

	frontline: truth, war and consquences: what's at stake?: nation-building 101 PBS
		We have to stop making nation-building a political football, recognize that it's a national competency we need to foster, that we're not going to be able to avoid these kinds of situations, that we don't have to do them alone.
		When I asked if it's politically feasible, what I really meant was, wouldn't this mean that an administration -- or the government, if it's Congress -- is acknowledging that nation-building is a core policy of the United States?
		And they're available usually because -- with the exception of dedicated individuals who are brought in from private life who are prepared for reasons of national patriotism to make a sacrifice -- they are staffed with people who are available because they don't have another job.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/truth/stake/dobbins.html (3913 words)

	Nation-Building 101
		Critics of nation-building point out that outsiders can never build nations, if that means creating or repairing all the cultural, social, and historical ties that bind people together as a nation.
		What we are really talking about is state-building—that is, creating or strengthening such government institutions as armies, police forces, judiciaries, central banks, tax-collection agencies, health and education systems, and the like.
		Learning how to fix such states—and building necessary political support at home—will be a defining issue for America in the century ahead
	www.theatlantic.com /issues/2004/01/fukuyama.htm (3672 words)

	OpinionJournal - America the Beautiful
		And though building a free and democratic world would be a wondrous thing, experience suggests that for any nation it is a vastly complex project that must come mainly from within.
		Nation building entails America trying to construct an entire way of life for others.
		In the second campaign debate, we heard a lot about amorphous nation building and world saving from Al Gore, who was preparing to inherit the Clinton mantle.
	www.opinionjournal.com /columnists/cRosett/?id=95001222 (1003 words)

	FindLaw's Writ - Dean: Nation Building In Iraq
		Just as Bush did not do a very good job of building a multilateral coalition to fight in Iraq, he has similarly ignored the widespread opposition to nation building in his own country.
		Many in Congress, both Republicans and Democrats, question whether the United States should be in the nation building business at all.
		The United States has a long history, but a mixed record, of building other nations.
	writ.news.findlaw.com /scripts/printer_friendly.pl?page=/dean/20030411.html (2032 words)

	USATODAY.com - Haiti offers nation-building lessons should U.S. leaders care enough to look
		Now, Haiti is again in chaos — just more of the same from a poor nation that can hardly command our attention in an era of new, grander nation-building aspirations.
		Do we once again find ourselves in a situation in which our political leaders have invested so heavily in the "saving" of a nation that those local leaders who must, by necessity, be our partners in the venture soon will conclude that we need them more than they need us?
		I remember the hope-infused trade missions and aid initiatives that followed as we helped this hemisphere's poorest nation heal and grow.
	www.usatoday.com /news/opinion/editorials/2004-02-22-rothkopf_x.htm (877 words)

	Building One's Nation : IntentBlog
		The educational institutions in developing countries are clearly not geared for the task of nation building.
		Yet, at huge national expense, we provide world class education virtually free to the privileged few, mostly the children of the rich and the powerful.
		The young people of nineteenth century America were being called upon to build a nation.
	www.intentblog.com /archives/2005/10/building_ones_n.html (2652 words)

	Bush Backs Into Nation Building
		The debate over nation building was a significant one in the 2000 campaign.
		Details have begun emerging in recent days about the Bush administration's vision for postwar Iraq, and clearly the White House has abandoned its aversion to nation building, as it plans for what appears to be the biggest American-led, rebuilding project since the Marshall Plan in the early 1950s.
		The president, said Eskew, will explain that nation building in Iraq is necessary, "because [Saddam Hussein] has weapons of mass murder, because he has used them before, because he has attacked his own people and his neighbors and because he has ties to terror."
	www.informationclearinghouse.info /article1710.htm (1187 words)

	nation building - Find, Compare, and Buy at Shopping.com
		Narratives of Nation Building in Korea: A Genealogy of Patriotism
		Modernism and Nation Building: Turkish Architectural Culture in the Early Republic
		Cultural Politics in Greater Romania: Regionalism, Nation Building, and Ethnic Struggle, 1918-1930
	www.shopping.com /xGS-nation_building (327 words)

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