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Topic: National Recovery Act

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EH.Net Encyclopedia: National Recovery Administration Those NRA supporters of the representative-cost-based price floor imagined that a range of prices would emerge if such a floor were to be set, whereas detractors believed that "the minimum would become the maximum," that is, the floor would simply be a cartel price, constraining competition across all firms in an industry. Recent evaluations of the NRA have wended their way back to themes sounded during the early nineteen thirties, in particular, interrelationships between the so-called "trade practice" or cartelization provisions of the program and the grant of enhanced bargaining power to trade unions. Moreover, while some businesses may have found the Act beneficial, because labor cost stability or freedom to negotiate with rivals enhanced their ability to cooperate on price, it is not entirely obvious that workers as a class gained as much as is sometimes contended. www.eh.net /encyclopedia/alexander.nra.php   (3315 words)

National Labor Relations Act - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Wagner Act established a federal agency, the National Labor Relations Board, with the power to investigate and decide unfair labor practice charges and to conduct elections in which workers were given the opportunity to decide whether they wanted to be represented by a union. The Act does not, on the other hand, cover those workers who are covered by the Railway Labor Act, agricultural employees, domestic employees, supervisors, independent contractors and some close relatives of individual employers. While the Act did not deprive employers of their basic managerial prerogatives, it legalized the right to strike, barred employers from firing workers for engaging in union activities and subjected management's decisions to scrutiny by the federal government. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/National_Labor_Relations_Act   (1104 words)

National Recovery Administration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia As part of the New Deal in the United States, the National Recovery Administration (Created by the National Industrial Recovery Act) developed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his Administration pushed industries to make codes and rules for "fair competition". Johnson saw the NRA as a national crusade designed to restore employment and regenerate industry in an excitement of torchlight processions and giant rallies. Mussolini's economic program was in fact admired by both FDR and Johnson. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/National_Recovery_Administration   (230 words)

National Recovery Administration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia As part of the New Deal in the United States, the National Recovery Administration (Created by the National Industrial Recovery Act) was developed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his Administration. In 1935 the Supreme Court declared the NRA as unconstitutional. Though membership to the NRA was voluntary, business's that did not display the eagle were urged to be boycotted - making it seem mandatory for survival. www.wikipedia.org /wiki/National_Recovery_Administration   (331 words)

National Industrial Recovery Act - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The United States National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) of June 16, 1933 established codes of fair competition aimed at supporting prices and wages and stimulating economic revival from the Great Depression. The law created a National Recovery Administration (NRA) to promote compliance on the part of corporations. United States (295 U.S. 495) (sometimes called the "sick chicken" case) that the Act infringed upon states' authority, unreasonably stretched the Commerce Clause, and gave legislative powers to the executive branch. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/National_Industrial_Recovery_Act   (228 words)

The Great Depression The Wagner Act, or National Labor Relations Act, was passed in reaction to the Supreme Court's voiding of NRA and its labor codes. NRA, in particular, was a nightmare with continuously changing rules and regulations by a host of government bureaus. While the immediate effects of this new powerful expansion of the nation's money and credit were seemingly beneficial, initiating a new economic boom and effacing the 1924 decline, the ultimate outcome was most disastrous. www.libertyhaven.com /theoreticalorphilosophicalissues/economichistory/greatdepre.html   (4175 words)

National Recovery Administration, Bernard Baruch, Brain Trust The Act authorized $3.3 billion for public works projects to reduce unemployment and established the Public Works Administration under Secretary of Commerce Harold Ickes. After Roosevelt's victory, Tugwell joined the administration as assistant secretary of agriculture and was instrumental in forming policies for planning of agricultural output and the initiation of payments to farmers for not growing certain crops. NRA director Hugh Johnson launched a propaganda crusade (with a blue eagle symbol and patriotic parades) for corporate endorsement of temporary reemployment agreements. www.owlnet.rice.edu /~mwfriedm/terms/david23.html   (830 words)

National Recovery Administration on Encyclopedia.com NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION [National Recovery Administration] (NRA), in U.S. history, administrative bureau established under the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933. Many labor provisions of the NRA were reenacted in later legislation (see Fair Labor Standards Act and National Labor Relations Board). Until Mar., 1934, the NRA was engaged chiefly in the drawing up of industrial codes; a blanket code for all industries was adopted, and well over 500 codes of fair practice were adopted for the various industries. www.encyclopedia.com /html/n/natlr1eco.asp   (892 words)

The National Industrial Recovery Board created by Executive The National Industrial Recovery Board created by Executive Order No. 6859 of September 27, 1934, is hereby terminated, and to provide for the continuing administration of the provisions of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act there is hereby created the office of Administrator of the National Recovery Administration. The Administrator of the National Recovery Administration shall administer the provisions of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act as amended by Senate Joint Resolution No. For the further administration of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act as amended, there is hereby established the Division of Review. www.conservativeusa.org /eo/1935/eo7075.htm   (370 words)

schech For a statement of the authorized objectives and content of the 'codes of fair competition,' we are referred repeatedly to the 'Declaration of Policy' in section 1 of title 1 of the Recovery Act (15 USCA § 701). By the Interstate Commerce Act (49 USCA § 1 et seq.), Congress has itself provided a code of laws regulating the activities of the common carriers subject to the act, in order to assure the performance of their services upon just and reasonable terms, with adequate facilities and without unjust discrimination. A national emergency productive of widespread unemployment and disoreganization of industry, which burdens interstate and foreign commerce, affects the public welfare, and undermines the standards of living of the American people, is hereby declared to exist. www.cortland.edu /polsci/schech.html   (2301 words)

Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum - Our Documents This was done through the creation of the National Recovery Administration (NRA). The NRA established industrial codes to govern trade, prices, and labor practices; 541 codes were approved by the time the NRA disbanded. The federal government's regulation of business was controversial and the NRA frequently faced opposition. www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu /odnira.html   (214 words)

Chapter 9 The proponents of the National Industrial Recovery Act made a great show that NRA would protect the small businessman who, it was alleged, had suffered in the past from unfair application of the anti-trust laws; the suspension of the anti-trust laws would remove their more unwelcome features, while NRA would preserve their welcome antimonopoly provisions. John D. Rockefeller organized the Standard Oil trust in 1882 but, as a result of court orders under the Sherman Act, the cartel was dissolved into 33 independent companies. NRA was essentially fascist in that industry, not central state planners, had the authority to plan, and these industrial planners came from the New York financial establishment. www.reformation.org /wall-st-fdr-ch9.html   (4802 words)

N.R.A. (National Recovery Act) The goal of the National Recovery Act was to organize all industries into one giant effort. The "New Deal" programs all seemed to have catchy abbreviations, like the NRA (National Recovery Act), the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps), and the PWA (Public Works Administration). N.R.A. After his inauguration in 1933, Franklin Delano Roosevelt took grave steps to help the nation recover from the Depression. www.tattooarchive.com /history/NRA.htm   (185 words)

National Industrial Recovery Act - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia United States (295 U.S. 495) (sometimes called the "sick chicken" case) that the Act infringed upon states' authority, unreasonably stretched the Commerce Clause, and gave legislative powers to the executive branch, violating the Nondelegation doctrine. The NIRA was overturned on May 27, 1935 when the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in the case A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. The NIRA was strongly supported by heads of industry (some of which had helped draft the legislation). en.wikipedia.org /wiki/National_Industrial_Recovery_Act   (290 words)

Days of Hope: Race and Democracy in the New Deal Era, by Patricia Sullivan. Chapter 2. The National Industrial Recovery Act was primarily an enabling act that relied on the voluntary cooperation of business to set industry-wide codes that could stimulate recovery by providing for fair competition and a restoration of purchasing power. As has been amply documented, the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) and the Agricultural Adjustment Act, the cornerstones of the early New Deal, were easily tailored by local southern elites and their powerful representatives in Congress to fit the prevailing economic and political arrangements in the region.(5) As their efforts to secure fundamental reforms from within the Roosevelt administration met with frustration, they became more deliberate in their support and encouragement of political action and organization among traditionally disfranchised groups. uncpress.unc.edu /chapters/sullivan_days.html   (10508 words)

NARA - Guide to Federal Records - Records of the National Recovery Administration [NRA] National Emergency Council (NEC) records accumulated by the NRA's Consumer Division when the former's Consumer Division was transferred to the NRA in July 1935. History: Coordinator for Industrial Cooperation, to supervise conferences on industrial recovery and employment and to coordinate and report directly to the President on personnel activities of NRA, established by EO 7193, September 26, 1935, which also directed that staff support be provided by NRA. NRA reorganized by EO 7075, June 15, 1935, to facilitate its new role as promoter of industrial cooperation and to enable it to produce a series of economic studies. www.archives.gov /research/guide-fed-records/groups/009.html?template=print   (2420 words)

National Recovery Administration --  Encyclopædia Britannica The NRA was an essential element in the National Industrial Recovery Act (June 1933), which authorized the president to institute industry-wide codes intended to eliminate unfair trade practices, reduce unemployment,... Authorized by the National Industrial Recovery Act (June 1933), the agency was set up by President Franklin D. Roosevelt under the administration of his secretary of the interior, Harold L. Ickes. At the Saguaro National Monument, you can see the largest species of cactus in the United States. www.britannica.com /eb/article-9055005   (881 words)

Civilizing Capitalism: The National Consumers' League, Women's Activism, and Labor Standards in the New Deal Era, by Landon R. Y. Storrs. Chapter 4. Employers, NRA administrators, and most unions lacked practical experience with wage and hours laws, and representatives such as the National Woman's Party and the Negro Industrial League made general statements of principle rather than concrete suggestions for improving the NRA codes. While the NRA was in the gestational stage, Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins proposed a national wage-hour law based directly on the NCL's model state bill. Outside of the JCNR, the National Consumers' League was the most forceful and knowledgeable critic of NRA race discrimination. www.ibiblio.org /uncpress/chapters/storrs_civilizing_c4.html   (10915 words)

Walsh-Healey Act of 1936 The Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act, as amended (41 U.S.C. 35-45), was enacted ``to provide conditions for the purchase of supplies and the making of contracts by the United States.'' It is not an act of general applicability to industry. The Walsh-Healey Act eventually had a major effect on wages and hours for contract workers, but its main immediate impact was to prepare the way for much broader wage and hour legislation. Administered by the Department of Labor, the Act set a minimum wage of 25 cents per hour and a maximum workweek of 40 hours (to be phased in by 1940) for most workers in manufacturing. cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/burns8/medialib/docs/walsh.htm   (488 words)

MSN Encarta - Search Results - National Industrial Recovery Act National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), United States law enacted by the United States Congress in June 1933; one of the measures by which... United States (History): National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) Labor Relations : history of labor relations in the United States – 20th century: passage of National Labor Relations Act encarta.msn.com /National_Industrial_Recovery_Act.html   (200 words)

National Industrial Recovery Act To encourage national industrial recovery, to foster fair competition, and to provide for the construction of certain useful public works, and for other purposes. A national emergency productive of widespread unemployment and disorganization of industry, which burdens interstate and foreign commerce, affects the public welfare, and undermines the standards of living of the American people, is hereby declared to exist. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 2(c), this subsection shall cease to be in effect at the expiration of one year after the date of enactment of this Act or sooner if the President shall by proclamation or the Congress shall by joint resolution declare that the emergency recognized by section 1 has ended. sagehistory.net /deprnewdeal/documents/NIRA1933.htm   (232 words)

US CODE: Title 15,703 to 712. Omitted Sections 703 to 712 of this title were sections 3 to 10, 303, and 304 of the National Industrial Recovery Act of June 16, 1933, ch. All Orders and Regulations heretofore issued concerning the administration of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, as amended, are hereby modified to the extent necessary to make this Order fully effective. The National Recovery Administration and the office of Administrator thereof are hereby terminated. straylight.law.cornell.edu /uscode/uscode15/usc_sec_15_00000703----000-notes.html   (544 words)

The American Experience Surviving The Dust Bowl People & Events The New Deal The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) and the National Recovery Administration (NRA) were designed to address unemployment by regulating the number of hours worked per week and banning child labor. His first act as president was to declare a four-day bank holiday, during which time Congress drafted the Emergency Banking Bill of 1933, which stabilized the banking system and restored the public's faith in the banking industry by putting the federal government behind it. During the first 100 days of his presidency, a never-ending stream of bills was passed, to relieve poverty, reduce unemployment, and speed economic recovery. www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/dustbowl/peopleevents/pandeAMEX09.html   (408 words)

Working Boys and Girls The National Industrial Recovery Act tried to enact some important reform efforts in 1933, but were thwarted by the courts. The efforts to reduce child labor in the 1940's continued and the National Child Labor Committee fought continuing battles until 1957 when it was renamed the National Committee on Employment of Youth and began focusing on the nation's itinerant children. The NRA did include a section of statutes regulated the field of child labor, but these regulations were not welcomed by big business or the courts. xroads.virginia.edu /~MA01/Lundy/childreform.html   (534 words)

Roosevelt Calls Recovery Act Most Sweeping Law in Nation's History In signing the National Industrial Recovery Act the President declared that it was "the most important and far-reaching legislation ever enacted by the American Congress," and said that it "represents a supreme effort to stabilize for all time the many factors which make for the prosperity of the nation and the preservation of American standards." The most far-reaching of the administration's legislation, the Recovery Act gives the President, through administrators, wide power to promote the self-regulation of industry under Federal supervision as a means of curtailing overproduction, improving wages, shortening hours of labor and, thereby, increasing prices and employment. The Glass-Steagall Act is directed toward a unified banking system, provides a limited deposit guarantee, requires divorcement of security affiliates from banks under government supervision, compels private bankers to give up either the deposit or security business, and requires stricter regulation of national banks. partners.nytimes.com /library/financial/061733glass-steagall.html   (1494 words)

National Industrial Recovery Act an act of Congress (1933, declared unconstitutional in 1936) that enabled the president and the National Recovery Administration to formulate and execute measures for reducing industrial unemployment. www.infoplease.com /ipd/A0549521.html   (44 words)

National Industrial Recovery Act Touted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt as "the most important and far-reaching ever enacted by the American Congress," the National (Industrial) Recovery Act (NRA) was passed by Congress on June 16, 1933. Later the National Labor Relations Board and the Rural Electrification Administration were passed by the Congress in order to replace the labor portions of the NRA, but Congress did not bring back the industrial code system. The NRA went through several reorganizations during 1934, when program director General Hugh Johnson was replaced by a five-person board and was reluctantly extended for another year by Congress in May 1935. www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1663.html   (856 words)

Sept 2001, Codes as a form of self regulation (Sebastian Siegele) The National Industrial Recovery Act in the U.S. and at it's failure But when you have to deal with real-life cases to implement social standards -- no matter whether they are code of conducts, labelling programs, international worker's rights clauses or national labour laws -- these issues can't be avoided. The NRA tried to assert an Uniform Formula for cost determination, but there was a controversy about two regulatory approaches: to have minimum prices fixed by the NRA or in negotiations between the companies. www.cleanclothes.org /codes/01-09-siegele.htm   (1655 words)

AEH: AMER.INST: The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 and the Compliance Crisis of 1934 The passage of the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) during the AEH: AMER.INST: The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 and the Compliance Crisis of 1934 Title: The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 and the www.eh.net /lists/archives/abstracts/may-2002/0001.php   (193 words)

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