National minority - Factbites

National minority - Factbites
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Topic: National minority

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	Romania - National Minorities under Communist Rule
		Although the regime claimed that minority membership and representation in the people's councils and the Grand National Assembly were commensurate with their size, minorities were largely excluded from policy-making bodies on both the local and national levels.
		Although the goal of the Ceausescu regime was national homogenization and an ethnically pure Romania, the regime opposed the emigration of ethnic minorities.
		Romanian leaders claimed that the amalgamation of minority and Romanian schools and the 1973 educational reforms were necessary for administrative and economic efficiency and were not intended to ensure the assimilation of ethnic minorities.
	countrystudies.us /romania/41.htm (2942 words)

	High Commissioner on National Minorities - Homepage
		Since January 1993, the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities has been providing early warning and taking early action to reduce tensions involving national minority issue.
		The Office of the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities was established in 1992 to identify and seek early resolution of ethnic tensions that might endanger peace, stability or friendly relations between OSCE participating States.
		Address by the Director of the Office of OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities to the 3rd Preparatory Seminar Economic Forum
	www.osce.org /hcnm (209 words)

	The Hague Recommendations - Education Rights of National Minorities
		Minority education, in particular minority language education, is a high priority among these since, as the HCNM has recently stated, "It is clear that education is an extremely important element for the preservation and the deepening of the identity of persons belonging to a national minority."
		Minority language tertiary education can legitimately be made available to national minorities by establishing the required facilities within existing educational structures provided these can adequately serve the needs of the national minority in question.
		The resultant Recommendations Regarding the Education Rights of National Minorities attempt to clarify in relatively straight-forward language the content of minority education rights generally applicable in the situations in which the HCNM is involved.
	www.unesco.org /most/ln2pol6.htm (4331 words)

	THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN POLAND
		The notion of national minority” used in the text of the Constitution refers, as we should suppose, to those minorities which identify themselves with the nations organized in their own state, whereas the notion of ethnic minority” refers to the so-called stateless minorities.
		In their provisions dealing with minorities, the treaties apply the assumption that affiliation to a minority is a matter of individual choice (an individual option) and is connected with nationality of the state providing protection of a minority.
		Certainly representatives of national minorities were present in both administrative and party structures (local and central) as well as in the Sejm, however, not as the representatives of their own national societies but as members of the then political parties.
	www.minelres.lv /reports/poland/poland_NGO.htm (13658 words)

	National Minorities of Finland, The Swedish-speaking Finns — Virtual Finland
		The Council of the League of Nations settled the dispute in 1921 by confirming the sovereignty of Finland over Åland but at the same time granting a high degree of autonomy to the Islands, which was to be confirmed by international law and national legislation.
		The National Board of Taxation, for example, is bilingual but among its regional units the tax office of Savo-Karelia is unilingual and the tax office of southwestern Finland is bilingual.
		The second view, most eloquently propagated by the national poet Zacharias Topelius, stressed the unity of the people of Finland, which had been established through centuries of common history and intermarriage where the choice of language had been very much a matter of historical accident.
	virtual.finland.fi /finfo/english/minorit1.html (3345 words)

	China's Ethnic Reawakening
		The rest of the population is divided into 55 official "minority" nationalities that are mostly concentrated along the borders, such as the Mongolians and Uyghurs in the north and the Zhuang, Yi, and Bai in southern China, near southeast Asia.
		Chairman Mao frequently referred to Article 14 of the 1931 Chinese Communist Party (CCP) constitution, which "recognizes the right of self- determination" of the national minorities in China, their right to complete separation from China, and to the formation of an independent state for each minority.
		The China Institute for Contemporary International Relations (CICIR), under the State Council, has initiated a "Nationality Studies Project" in order to examine security implications of China's minority problems (Chu Shulong interview, November 14, 1999).
	www.ndu.edu /inss/symposia/pacific2000/gladneypaper.htm (6115 words)

	Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious or Linguistic Minorities
		Persons belonging to minorities have the right to participate effectively in decisions on the national and, where appropriate, regional level concerning the minority to which they belong or the regions in which they live, in a manner not incompatible with national legislation.
		Persons belonging to minorities have the right to establish and maintain, without any discrimination, free and peaceful contacts with other members of their group and with persons belonging to other minorities, as well as contacts across frontiers with citizens of other States to whom they are related by national or ethnic, religious or linguistic ties.
		Persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities (hereinafter referred to as persons belonging to minorities) have the right to enjoy their own culture, to profess and practise their own religion, and to use their own language, in private and in public, freely and without interference or any form of discrimination.
	www.unhchr.ch /html/menu3/b/d_minori.htm (1000 words)

	Law on Cultural Autonomy for National Minorities
		Upon the termination of its activities, the property of a national minority cultural autonomy institution shall be transferred in accordance with procedures established by decision of the cultural council.
		Elections to the national minority cultural council are considered to have been held if more than one-half of the electors entered on the electoral list participate in the elections and the election is held in accordance with the present Law and electoral regulations.
		The establishment of a national minority school(class) and the organisation of its work is governed by the provisions of the Law on Private Schools.
	www.einst.ee /society/cultural_autonomy_the_law.htm (1508 words)

	Stefan Landsberger's Chinese Propaganda Poster Pages--National Minorities
		It is also important for the state to officially recognize a national minority.
		The nationalities' policies as phrased in the Common Program of 1949, the provisional Constitution that predated the first Constitution promulgated in 1954, actually favored those groups that had a minority status.
		Minority peoples are given special treatment, including a license of moral, cultural, religious and social liberties which the state does not wish to grant to the majority of the population.
	www.iisg.nl /~landsberger/xsmz.html (1246 words)

	FAO: SD : People : National minorities and rural development in Europe: a view from FAO
		This paper highlights key issues to be considered when addressing the role of national minorities in the development process in general, and dealing with issues such as rural poverty in particular.
		It is argued that agricultural and rural development interventions represent a potentially effective tool for improving the well-being and participation of national minorities residing in rural areas and/or engaged in agriculture.
		However, it should not be forgotten that members of national minorities live in all European countries, including Western, Northern and Southern Europe.
	www.fao.org /sd/dim_pe3/pe3_051002_en.htm (204 words)

	Serbia Info / Facts and Figures / Constitution
		In conformity with the principle of national sovereignty, the decision on amending the Constitution shall be a joint decision of the National Assembly and the citizens.
		In conformity with the democratic principle, namely the principle of national sovereignty, all functions of State power are not exercised only by way of representative bodies, but some of the "dimensions:" of that power may be exercised by citizens directly, in a referendum and through people's initiative.
		This rationalization of parliamentarism is dictated also by the present-day social situation in Serbia, which is going to last for some time, but it does not at all, just as in the Constitution of the Fifth French Republic, challenge the existence of the essential core of parliamentarism.
	www.serbia-info.com /facts/constitution.html (2084 words)

	Chinese National Minorities
		In the 1953 census 41 minority nationalities were specified.
		Of the remaining 129 nationalities, 74 were considered to be part of the officially recognized 54, while 23 were classified as "other nationalities" and the remaining 32 were classified as "indeterminate."
		In the 1964 census, there were 183 nationalities registered, among which the government recognized only 54.
	www.paulnoll.com /China/Minorities/China-Nationalities.html (100 words)

	.:: National Society Of Minorities In Hospitality ::.
		The National Society of Minorities in Hospitality has grown tremendously from four visionary leaders at Cornell University in 1989, to nearly five hundred students across the country that continue to set the precedent for the future leaders of this industry.
		NSMH is the premier professional organization for minority hospitality students.
		.:: National Society Of Minorities In Hospitality ::.
	www.nsmh.org (73 words)

	OHCHR-> World Conference against Racism: Durban, South Africa (2001)
		The Guide has been prepared with a view to assisting minorities in understanding how to seek protection of their rights through the different procedures existing at the international and regional levels.
		This means that between 600 million and 1.2 billion people are in need of special measures for the protection of their rights, given that minorities are often among the most disadvantaged groups in society, their members often subject to discrimination and injustice and excluded from meaningful participation in public and political life.
		Practical advice is also given on how to take legal action where members of minorities consider that their rights under a particular treaty have been violated.
	www.unhchr.ch /html/racism/01-minoritiesguide.html (442 words)

	Fr. Tiso, Slovakia and Hitler By DENNIS BARTON
		NATIONAL ARCHIVES, U.S. His [Chvalkovsky] explanation of the occurrences was that a group of Slovaks in and out of the government purporting to represent the majority of the Slovaks attempted to set up an independent government under the protection of Germany.
		In Slovakia democracy was replaced by a strong National Unity Party, the Communists and marxist Socialists were banned, as was the Jewish Party.
		The largest parties in Czechia also decided to form a National Unity Party ((KCA 3371)), and democratic elections were abolished when the President assumed authoritarian powers ((KCA 3366)).
	www.church-in-history.org /pages/booklets/tiso(n)-2.htm (8254 words)

	Minorities
		Gage, Nicholas, "The Forgotten Minority in the Balkans: The Greeks of Northern Epirus," Mediterranean Quarterly, Vol.
		Szekely, A. The Hungarian Minority in Croatia and Slovenia,
		The Case of the Slovene Minority in Italy,
	www.columbia.edu /cu/sipa/REGIONAL/ECE/minorities.html (6063 words)

	Resource Center on National Minorities
		Resource Center for National Minorities was established on 1 February, 2000 and supported by LINKS (London Informational Network on Conflict and State Building) and CLEE (Center of Legal and Economic Education).
		Help to prepare the police for work with national minorities; Provide support for women in communities of national minorities.
		Simplify access to information for members of national minorities and increase their participation in a flow of the information;
	www.civilsoc.org /nisorgs/azerbaij/rcnm.htm (258 words)

	NAMIC - National Association for Multi-ethnicity in Communications
		Four of the industry’s most lauded executives will serve as Benefit Committee Co-Chairs for NAMIC’s 25th Anniversary Gala honoring Comcast Corporation Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Brian L. Roberts on December 1, 2005, at the Marriott Marquis in New York, the NAMIC national office announced today.
		This powerhouse team includes Matt Blank, Chairman and CEO, Showtime Networks Inc.; Debra Lee, President and CEO, BET; Laureen Ong, President, National Geographic Channel; and Herb Scannell, Vice Chairman, MTV Networks.
		NAMIC - National Association for Multi-ethnicity in Communications
	www.namic.com (242 words)

	Council of Europe portal
		Representatives of member states which have not ratified the Council of Europe’s Framework Convention for the protection of National Minorities have been invited to a hearing, organised by the PACE Legal Affairs Committee in Paris on 22 November.
		Parliamentary hearing on ratification of the National Minorities Framework Convention
		On 25 November, the PACE Standing Committee will meet in Bucharest, at the invitation of the Romanian Senate.
	www.coe.int (736 words)

	ECMI - European Centre for Minority Issues
		The European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) has the pleasure of inviting you to an Open Research Meeting.
		18.11.2005: Georgia’s Declarations to the Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
		Scheduled for 10.30 to 11.30 on Tuesday 15 November 2005, the Open Research Meeting will take place in the Sitzungssaal of the historic Kampagnietor in Flensburg, which serves as ECMI’s headquarters.
	www.ecmi.de (129 words)

	NACME - The National Action Council for Minorities in Engineering
		NACME - The National Action Council for Minorities in Engineering
		Through a series of presentations and panel discussions, Symposium participants will tackle tough issues such as the offshoring of engineering and technology jobs, revitalizing curricula at both the secondary and post-secondary school levels, and the need for diversity in the engineering workforce.
	www.nacme.org (52 words)

	Projekat Rastko - Luzica / Project Rastko - Lusatia
		A tiny minority fights extinction: The Sorbs - Germany's 'Amish' (The Christian Science Monitor, Thursday, December 2, 1999)
		Report submitted by Germany pursuant to Article 25, Paragraph 1 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities (Received on 24 February 2000) About Sorbs: I.4.2 "The Sorbian people"
		A Unique Minority (Central Europe Review, Vol 1, No 6, 2 August 1999)
	www.rastko.org.yu /rastko-lu/autori/index.html (1856 words)

	Demo For NCM
		Content provided and maintained by National Commision for Minorities.
	ncm.nic.in (9 words)

	minorities
		To search for other Council of Europe sites dealing with minorities, please consult the Internal Links (CoE) above or
	www.coe.int /T/E/human_rights/minorities (61 words)

	Central-Eurasia-L Archive - Publications - Index
		PUBLICATION- Semjon Gitlin, National Minorities in Muslim Uzbekistan (in Russian) Posted: 11 Feb 2004
		CALL FOR CONTRIBUTIONS- Nations and Nationalism Prize, ASEN, Deadline Sept. 30 Posted: 25 Aug 2004
		PUBLICATION- Ab Imperio 1-2004, Heterogeneity of Imperial and National Memory Posted: 14 May 2004
	cesww.fas.harvard.edu /calarc/calarc_publ.html (7869 words)

	Fact Sheet No.18 (Rev.1), Minority Rights
		Persons belonging to minorities have the right to participate effectively in decisions on the national and, where appropriate, regional level concerning the minority to which they belong or the regions in which they live, in a manner not incompatible with national legislation.
		The most commonly used description of a minority in a given State can be summed up as a non-dominant group of individuals who share certain national, ethnic, religious or linguistic characteristics which are different from those of the majority population.
		Persons belonging to minorities have the right to establish and maintain, without any discrimination, free and peaceful contacts with other members of their group and with persons belonging to other minorities, as well as contacts across frontiers with citizens of other States to whom they are related by national or ethnic, religious or linguistic ties.
	www.unhchr.ch /html/menu6/2/fs18.htm (7869 words)

	Round table - Sweden
		In a Government Bill on national minorities that was approved by the Swedish Parliament in December 1999, the Government proposes that Sweden take a number of measures aimed at strengthening the situation of these groups in Sweden and giving their languages the support necessary to maintain and develop them.
		The national minorities in Sweden thereby recognised are the Sami, Swedish Finns, Tornedalers, Roma and Jews.
		Furthermore in contrast to policies concerning national minorities, integration policy focusing on immigrants as a group should be restricted to investments and measures that may be necessary during their early days in Sweden.
	www.cbss.st /Docs/ministerial/19/RT5.htm (1567 words)

	Law on Cultural Autonomy for National Minorities
		Upon the termination of its activities, the property of a national minority cultural autonomy institution shall be transferred in accordance with procedures established by decision of the cultural council.
		(1) The principal organizations of cultural autonomy for national minorities are the cultural council of a national minority and the cultural boards governing the activities of cultural autonomy institutions.
		Elections to the national minority cultural council are considered to have been held if more than one-half of the electors entered on the electoral list participate in the elections and the election is held in accordance with the present Law and electoral regulations.
	www.einst.ee /factsheets/cult_auton (1567 words)

	Welcome to NOIVMWC
		Immigrant, visible minority and refugee women together make up about 30% of the female population of this country and NOIVMWC forms a united national voice for immigrant and visible minority women and liaisons with other national women's groups to improve the status of the target population.
		The special needs of immigrant and visible minority women and the difficulties they have encountered in adjusting to Canadian Society, led to the First National Conference of Immigrant Women initiated by the federal government in 1981.
		It was the concrete result of the work of both immigrant and visible minority women who recognized their common concerns and common goals and joined forces across the country to pursue these goals.
	www.noivmwc.org /noivmwcen/background.php (1567 words)

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