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	Natural capitalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Natural capitalism is a set of trends and economic reforms to reward energy and material efficiency - and remove professional standards and accounting conventions that prevent such efficiencies.
		When capitalized as Natural Capitalism, the term usually refers to the specific set of reforms described in 1999 by Paul Hawken, Amory Lovins, and Hunter Lovins in the book of the same name.
		There is a well-developed theory of natural capital that predates this work, and some generic use of the phrase to apply to environmental economics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Natural_Capitalism (211 words)

	Natural Capitalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Another key element of natural capitalism is to shift the structure of the economy from focusing not on matter and things, but on service and flow, from the episodic acquisition of goods, to the continual flow of value and performance.
		The fourth principle of natural capitalism is perhaps the most important and the one that we know the least about but that we're going to have to get a lot better at, and that is reinvesting in natural capital.
		Now, implementing the elements of natural capitalism tends to create an extraordinary outpouring of energy, initiative and enthusiasm at all levels of a company because it removes the actual and perceived contradiction between what people do on the job and what they want for their kids when they go home.
	www.cbas.org /from_the_hip/natural_capitalism.htm (1352 words)

	Encyclopedia: Natural Capitalism
		Natural capital refers to the mineral, plant, and animal formations of the Earth's biosphere when viewed as a means of production of oxygen, water filter, erosion preventer, or provider of other natural services.
		It may however be argued that it is useful to view many natural systems as "Capital" because they can be improved or degraded by the actions of man over time, so that to view them as if their productive capacity is fixed by nature alone is misleading.
		The concept of natural capital implies that the savings rate of an economy is an imperfect measure of what the country is actually saving, because it measure only investment in man-made capital.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Natural-Capitalism (754 words)

	Natural Capitalism - Read the Book
		Natural Capitalism describes a future in which business and environmental interests increasingly overlap, and in which businesses can better satisfy their customers' needs, increase profits, and help solve environmental problems all at the same time.
		As a result, natural capital is being degraded and liquidated by the wasteful use of such resources as energy, materials, water, fiber, and topsoil.
		Natural capitalism maps the general direction of a journey that requires overturning long-held assumptions, even questioning what we value and how we are to live.
	www.natcap.org /sitepages/pid5.php (585 words)

	Natural Capitalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		As a result, natural capital is being degraded and liquidated by the very wasteful use of resources such as energy, materials, water, fiber, and topsoil.
		Natural capitalism seeks not merely to reduce waste but to eliminate the very concept of waste.
		Capital begets more capital; a company that depletes its own capital is eroding the basis of its future prosperity.
	www.rmi.org /sitepages/pid156.php (572 words)

	Natural Capitalism, Inc.
		Natural Capitalism enables organizations to increase profitability and efficiency while becoming more environmentally and socially responsible.
		These principles, outlined in the book Natural Capitalism, co-authored by NCI founder, Hunter Lovins, along with Amory Lovins and Paul Hawken, are the basis for NCI’s consulting and educational services.
		Restoring the world’s depleted natural and human capital is a critical foundation of sustainable wealth creation.
	www.natcapinc.com (456 words)

	Natural Capitalism Paul Hawken / Mother Jones Mar/Apr97
		Until the 1970s, the concept of natural capital was largely irrelevant to business planning, and it still is in most companies.
		Natural capitalism is not about making sudden changes, uprooting institutions, or fomenting upheaval for a new social order.
		Natural capitalism may not guarantee particular outcomes, but it will ensure that economic systems more closely mimic biological systems, which have successfully adapted to dynamic changes over millennia.
	www.mindfully.org /Sustainability/Hawken-Natural-Capitalism.htm (5337 words)

	The Global Academy
		Enabling Natural Capitalism to become a central organizing principle of business and society around the world by providing tools for businesses and communities to reorient themselves towards a future that is both socially and environmentally sustainable and also more economically successful.
		Natural Capitalism is a whole-systems approach to doing business that demonstrates how companies can increase profits and gain competitive advantage by behaving responsibly towards both nature and people.
		As Lovins worked with companies, communities and citizens to implement the ideas of Natural Capitalism, it became clear that there is a need for a sequel that would enable those initiating change to recognize the various forces acting on their decisions to move towards transformation.
	www.theglobalacademy.org /nat_capitalism.asp (2075 words)

	Review: Natural Capitalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		An economy, the authors point out, needs four types of capital: human capital, in the form of labour and intelligence, culture and organisation; financial capital, consisting of cash, investments and monetary instruments; manufactured capital, including infrastructure, machines, tools and factories; and natural capital, made up of resources and living ecosystems.
		By using the first three of these to transform natural capital into the stuff of our daily lives, industrial capitalism has consumed one third of our planet's natural wealth in the past thirty years.
		Capitalism, as now practised, is a "non-sustainable aberration in human development".
	datadiwan.de /SciMedNet/library/reviewsN73+/N74Hawken_capitalism.htm (797 words)

	What is Natural Capitalism? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		As a result, natural capital is being degraded and liquidated by the wasteful use of energy, materials, water, fiber, topsoil, and ecosystems.
		The Natural Capitalism model delivers value as a continuous flow of services—leasing an illumination service, for example, rather than selling light bulbs.
		"Natural Capital" refers to the natural resources and ecosystem services—air and water purification, climatic stabilization, waste detoxification, and so on—that make possible all economic activity, and indeed all life.
	www.rmi.org /sitepages/pid564.php (726 words)

	Book Excerpts and Downloadable Chapters
		Natural Capitalism as an idea and thesis for a book emerged in 1994, the year after the publication of The Ecology of Commerce.
		An introduction to the principles and underlying theory of natural capitalism.
		"Natural Capitalism" Natural Capitalism is based on respecting and learning from the natural order of things.
	www.natcap.org /sitepages/pid20.php (340 words)

	Natural Capitalism
		Natural capital refers to the earth's natural resources and the ecological systems that provide vital life-support services to society and all living things.
		Businesses are finding an exciting range of new cost-effective ways to restore and expand the natural capital directly required for operations and indirectly required to sustain the supply system and customer base.
		Natural Capitalism is based on respecting and learning from the natural order of things.
	www.co-intelligence.org /P-naturalcapitalism.html (537 words)

	Paul Hawken - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The firm applies geometries found in nature with its primary focus on industrial fans, turbines, and electronic thermal management.
		Mr Hawken also heads the Natural Capital Institute (NCI), a research oriented NGO located in Sausalito, California.
		He was the founder and Chair of The Natural Step in the United States as well as The Natural Step International in Stockholm.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paul_Hawken (738 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Natural Capitalism: The Next Industrial Revolution: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In Natural Capitalism, three top strategists show how leading-edge companies are practising "a new type of industrialism" that is more efficient and profitable while saving the environment and creating jobs.
		They call their approach "natural capitalism" because it's based on the principle that business can be good for the environment.
		"An analysis of how capitalism would work if the world's "natural capital" were properly valued, resulting in a drastic reduction in resource use by industrialised countries" --This text refers to the Hardcover edition.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/1853837636 (1183 words)

	Resurgence 198 - Natural Capitalism by Amory Lovins, interview with Satish Kumar
		Natural capital is the living world that provides resources and ecosystem services, which we can neither replace nor live without.
		Natural capitalism is based on respecting and learning from the natural order of things rather than trying to replace it with human cleverness.
		Natural capitalism is based on the way nature actually works, not the way we wish it worked.
	www.resurgence.org /resurgence/issues/lovins198.htm (4427 words)

	Slashdot \| Natural Capitalism
		Natural capitalism is fighting for acceptance in the marketplace, much like Linux did, and environmentalists and would-be natural capitalists would do very well to study how the OSS movement "won" its marketplace victory.
		Natural capitalism is an alternative to so-called "conventional capitalism." They both share many aspects, and natural capitalism is nothing at all like Socialism or Communism.
		Natural capitalism is designed to fix some of the most significant problems with conventional capitalism.
	slashdot.org /books/00/06/01/1910234.shtml (4450 words)

	RockEE News - SpringSummer2000
		Instead of reinvesting in its largest stock of capital, it’s spending its 3.8-billion-year store of natural capital as if it were income—and at the current burn rate it’ll be largely gone in a century.
		Natural Capitalism offers hundreds of examples of companies that are pioneering the next industrial revolution by availing themselves of these opportunities.
		As natural capital becomes scarcer, its price is going up, even if companies and governments don’t actually reflect it on their balance sheets.
	eelink.net /rockeenews-springsummer2000.html (3671 words)

	Natural Capitalism
		Natural Capitalism is based on respecting and learning from the natural order of things rather than replacing nature with human cleverness.
		Traditionally capital, in the language of Ricardo and Marx, was land and capital equipment (factories, machinery).
		The philosophy underlying Natural Capitalism is Deep Ecology.
	www.heureka.clara.net /gaia/nat-cap.htm (1572 words)

	Review of Natural Capitalism by Paul Hawken, Hunter Lovins and Amory Lovins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Chapter 8, "Capital Gains," returns to the accounting principles of Natural Capitalism and proposes ways to overcome the obstacles to their implementation.
		Soil, "the ultimate natural capital," which the Chinese call the mother of all things, is being lost to erosion faster than it’s being produced, and is suffering overall reduction of organic fertility.
		In "Human Capitalism," the book's next-to-last chapter 14, the authors dramatically shift emphasis from natural capital to human capital, applying the "...same design philosophy, to achieve the same elegant frugality, with which whole-system engineering meets technical demands by delivering multiple benefits from single expenditures." This chapter in itself has the impact of a whole book.
	cla.calpoly.edu /~smarx/Nature/NatCap/natcap.html (4532 words)

	Exploring Natural Capitalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		To introduce natural capitalism, EnvironDesign® Journal asked Hawken to more fully explore the concept and explain how it relates to the architecture and design community.
		Hawken: Everyone is familiar with the traditional definition of capital as accumulated wealth in the form of investments, factories and equipment.
		Hawken: Until the 1970s, the concept of natural capital was largely irrelevant to business planning, and it still is in most companies.
	www.isdesignet.com /Magazine/edjournal_spring'98/intervw.html (1408 words)

	Natural Capitalism
		Nature takes anywhere from 10-million to 100-million years to make oil, and we make it into nylon carpet.
		So as we strive to recapture for value in manufacturing or in nature, essentially everything that goes through, and to minimise waste, we will also be wringing out toxicity, so that whatever comes back to nature does so as a food, not as a poison, and helps expand regenerative capacity.
		She points out for example, that spiders make silk that is as strong as the fabric in bulletproof vests, but a lot tougher, and when we make that fabric we require vats of boiling sulphuric acid and high pressure extruders.
	www.abc.net.au /science/slab/natcap (4846 words)

	Albert: Natural Capitalism?
		Decades later, there are indeed some approaches to addressing environmental problems that deal with many injustices in society, some that carefully skirt non environmental injustices even pandering to the interests of pollution’s main perpetrators, and some that brazenly enhance the situation of elites at the expense of everyone else.
		Because of this (a) we are destroying the ecology and suffering grave hardships and dangers, (b) we are immensely wasteful, leaving little for important social expenditures, and (c) we fail to utilize human labor sufficiently, always preferring to use resources instead, causing unemployment.
		Capitalism will do fine for us all, once we remove the crusty anachronistic habits of resource profligacy that the age of steam engines hoisted on our entrepreneurs.
	www.zmag.org /zmag/articles/apr97albert.html (1958 words)

	ABC Online Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		I’m talking nature as a whole and overall it is the strongest that survive to increase their numbers, whether it’s through co-operation (which capitalism is also good at) or selfishness.
		Capitalism naturally evolves towards monopoly or cooperative duopolies that crush possible opposition by commercial force.
		Capitalism's only answer to the sustainable use of resources is to allocate ownership (therefore responsibility) to the exploiters, so they have an automatic interest in their 'wise use'.
	www2b.abc.net.au /science/scribblygum-old/posts/topic5145.shtm (6070 words)

	Book Review- Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution by Paul Hawken, Amory Lovins, and L. Hunter ...
		It seems natural, at long last, that the interests of these polymaths would converge on industrial ecology, a pursuit that, of all the current inquiries into our environmental and social crisis, is the most likely to offer genuine relief from the worst of our excesses.
		As a result of all this armwaving, it is easy to misinterpret Natural Capitalism as an apologia for free market excess.
		In fact, the authors do speak to the distortions that result from capital at work - only to be drowned out by their own cheerleading.
	www.futurenet.org /Reviews/hawken.html (1250 words)

	Amazon.com: Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In Natural Capitalism, three top strategists show how leading-edge companies are practicing "a new type of industrialism" that is more efficient and profitable while saving the environment and creating jobs.
		"Natural Capitalism" starts with an elegantly simple premise: economies need no longer be based on the idea that human capital is finite and natural resources are infinitely abundant when the obvious truth of the 21st Century is exactly the opposite.
		This next stage of industrialism, the authors' "natural capitalism," is founded on four core business strategies already being adopted by the most innovative corporations across the globe.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0316353000?v=glance (3341 words)

	Corporate Futures: David Korten and Paul Hawken dialogue
		You speak about capitalism in very different ways, however -- David describes it as a cancer on the market system, while Paul has been giving the term a new twist by suggesting that capitalism is a good idea, we just haven't really tried it yet.
		By my understanding, the term came into use in the mid-1800s to refer to an economic and social regime in which the ownership and benefits of capital are appropriated by the few to the exclusion of the many who through their labor make capital productive.
		I agree with David that financial capitalism, the capitalism that is in place and practiced, is bizarre and cancerous.
	www.futurenet.org /10citiesofexuberance/corporatefutures.html (4220 words)

	Environmental Economics: Book Review: Natural Capitalism
		But there also are no sewer pipes leaving the building since the water is filtered and used four times: first, for drinking and washing water, then to irrigate the grey water "rainforest" inside the house, then as toilet feed stock, then to irrigate the fl water rainforest in the outermost ring of the house.
		In the same way that artificial capital (buildings and machines) are used to build cars and refrigerators, natural capital produces clean water, clean air, food, and fiber for clothing and housing.
		Natural Capitalism does include a few brief mentions of how laws thwart rather than encourage the authors' model of sustainability, but their anti-economist bent probably prevents them from making any significant study or movement in that area.
	www.env-econ.net /2005/08/book_review_nat.html (1649 words)

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