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Topic: Natural gas condensate

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	Natural gas - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Natural gas (commonly refered to as gas in many countries, but note that this is also American and Canadian slang for gasoline) is a gaseous fossil fuel consisting primarily of methane.
		The natural gas crisis is typically described by the increasing price of natural gas in the U.S. over the last few years due to the decline in indigenous supply and the increase in demand for electricity generation.
		Natural gas is important as a major source for electricity generation through the use of gas turbines and steam turbines.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/n/a/t/Natural_gas.html (1774 words)

	Oil and Natural Gas Data, Reports, Analysis
		Natural gas is often stored in underground caverns formed inside depleted gas reservoirs from previous gas wells, salt domes, or in tanks as liquefied natural gas.
		Natural gas is a major source for electricity generation through the use of gas turbines and steam turbines.
		Natural gas is supplied to homes, where it is used for such purposes as cooking in natural gas-powered ranges and/or ovens, natural gas-heated clothes dryers, and heating/cooling.
	www.gaz.co.il (2603 words)

	Natural gas condensate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Natural gas condensate (usually just condensate) is a low-density, high-API gravity liquid hydrocarbon phase that generally occurs in association with natural gas.
		The API gravity of condensate is typically 50 degrees to 120 degrees (density at 60 °F of 780 kg/m³ to 560 kg/m³).
		Raw natural gas often contains significant amounts of ethane, propane, butane and isobutane which are also removed and recovered as liquified gases during the processing of the raw gas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Natural_gas_condensate (262 words)

	NaturalGas.org
		Natural gas, as it is used by consumers, is much different from the natural gas that is brought from underground up to the wellhead.
		Natural gas from gas and condensate wells, in which there is little or no crude oil, is termed 'nonassociated gas'.
		Natural gas processing consists of separating all of the various hydrocarbons and fluids from the pure natural gas, to produce what is known as 'pipeline quality' dry natural gas.
	www.naturalgas.org /naturalgas/processing_ng.asp (3379 words)

	Condensation of Gasoline from Natural Gas
		Gas, oil, and water are frequently found distributed according to their specific gravities, gas disengaging itself from the finid and rising to the highest point in the beds, and water displacing the oil and finding a resting place as low down as possible.
		The yield of gasoline from natural gas is largely determined by the proportion of the vapor of the liquid paraffins in the gas mixture.
		Natural gases are soluble in various solvents, such as alcohol, claroline oil, olive oil, kerosene, sperm oil, and rape-seed oil, in proportions depending upon the amount of hither paraffin hydrocarbons present in the gas mixture.
	www.distillationgroup.com /distillation/H001/H001.htm (15117 words)

	NaturalGas.org
		Once a natural gas or oil well is drilled, and it has been verified that commercially viable quantities of natural gas are present for extraction, the well must be 'completed' to allow for the flow of petroleum or natural gas out of the formation and up to the surface.
		This condensate is a liquid hydrocarbon mixture that is often separated from the natural gas either at the wellhead, or during the processing of the natural gas.
		Since natural gas is lighter than air, once a conduit to the surface is opened, the pressurized gas will rise to the surface with little or no interference.
	www.naturalgas.org /naturalgas/well_completion.asp (2976 words)

	Oilfield Glossary: Term 'condensate'
		The API gravity of condensate is typically 50 degrees to 120 degrees.
		Condensate is mainly composed of propane, butane, pentane and heavier hydrocarbon fractions.
		The condensate is not only generated into the reservoir, it is also formed when liquid drops out, or condenses, from a gas stream in pipelines or surface facilities.
	www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com /Display.cfm?Term=condensate (213 words)

	[No title]
		Natural Gas Condensate: Regulatory Status Drilling fluids, produced waters, and other wastes associated with the exploration, development, and production of crude oil, natural gas, and geothermal energy are exempt from the definition of hazardous waste under 40 CFR Section 261.4(b)(5).
		Natural gas condensate is a light hydrocarbon liquid that sometimes forms through condensation of natural gas (hydrocarbon) vapors when natural gas is conveyed through a pipeline.
		If the natural gas condensate is generated by transportation or manufacturing operations beyond the production process, it is not exempt and would be regulated as a hazardous waste when discarded if it displays one or more characteristics of hazardous waste (58 FR 15284; March 22, 1993).
	www.epa.gov /epaoswer/hotline/93report/jul93.txt (2999 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Kazakhstan reports on natural fuel supplies
		The growth of natural fuel supplies over the period was caused by a 1.2-fold increase in oil production (including gas condensate) and 1.3-fold increase in production of natural gas and coal.
		Gas distribution on the internal market fell from 57.1 % to 56.3 % against exports which increased from 42.9 % to 43.7 % over the same period of time.
		In conclusion it shall be noted that negotiations between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan over supply of Uzbek gas have not been successful for the Kazakhs, and Uzbek gas will be supplied to the Almaty area at $ 50 per thousand cm compared with $ 35 paid for the gas before (43 % increase).
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/ntc10455.htm (578 words)

	Natural Gas Analyzer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Gas chromatographic methods published by the Gas Processors Association (GPA methods 2261 and 2177) for the analysis of natural gas are not only used to analyze natural gas for composition but are ideal mechanisms for calculating the BTU content, as well as other physical properties such as specific gravity and compressibility.
		This system is usually equipped with our flow-through vaporizing inlet system which permits the analyses of both gas and liquid samples with the same sample plumbing and injection valve schemes, reducing complexity and costs.
		When not being used for natural gas or natural gas condensate samples, the system can function as a general purpose split injection capillary GC equipped with a 60 m x 0.25mm boiling point column.
	members.aol.com /cic4urgc/nga2.htm (351 words)

	02/16/1996 - The coverage of the Hazard Communications Standard (HCS) to crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas ...
		Donald P. Schnacke (enclosed) which states "...OSHA does not consider oil and gas producers to be chemical manufacturers of the crude oil or natural gas." This is an erroneous statement, and we regret any confusion it may have caused.
		In enforcing the current rule, OSHA does not consider oil and gas producers to be "chemical manufacturers" of the crude oil or natural gas.
		As employers covered by the expanded standard, which took effect for employers on August 1, 1987, oil and gas producers are, however, required to maintain copies of MSDS for each hazardous accessible during each work shift to employees when they are in their work area(s).
	www.ilpi.com /msds/osha/I19960216A.html (1658 words)

	Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) as a Transportation Fuel
		Compressed natural gas, or CNG, is natural gas under pressure which remains clear, odorless, and non-corrosive.
		Natural gas is produced both worldwide and domestically at relatively low cost and is cleaner burning than gasoline or diesel fuel.
		Natural gas vehicles show an average reduction in ozone-forming emissions of 80 percent compared to gasoline vehicles.
	www.consumerenergycenter.org /transportation/afvs/cng.html (724 words)

	Using Gas Geochemistry to Assess Mercury Risk - GasChem.com
		Hg concentrations in natural gas are typically reported as µg per "normal" cubic meter, where normal (N) indicates standard temperature and pressure.
		The source of mercury in Rotliegand sandstone-reservoired gas in northern Germany is thought to be underlying volcanic rocks (Zettlitzer et al., 1997).
		However, mercury must be collected from a gas sample before the gas enters a pipeline, due to potential loss of mercury to the pipeline walls.
	www.gaschem.com /mercur.html (1262 words)

	Compressed Natural Gas as a Transportation Fuel
		Compressed natural gas, or CNG, is natural gas under pressure which remains clear,odorless, and non-corrosive.
		California produces 15.4 percent of its natural gas,and the rest is imported by pipeline from Canada and the Rocky Mountain and Southwestern states.
		When the mixture is less than 5 percent natural gas, it doesnÕt burn.When the mixture is more than 15 percent natural gas,there is not enough oxygen to allow it to burn.Because natural gas is lighter then air, it quickly dissipates when released from tanks.
	www.energy.ca.gov /afvs/vehicle_fact_sheets/cng.html (682 words)

	OOGA Regulatory and Environmental Report - IX. Natural Gas Gathering Pipeline Safety
		Ohio’s Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Standards are codified at R.C. 4905.90, et seq., and Ohio Admin.
		An incident is defined as a release of gas from a pipeline that involves a death or personal injury necessitating in-patient hospitalization or estimated property damage, including the cost of gas lost, of $50,000 or more.
		Significantly, Ohio’s pipeline safety code requires natural gas companies and pipeline companies, as defined generally under Ohio law, to register the location of all of their underground facilities with a protection service as described in Section IV of this Report.
	www.ooga.org /issues/operatingohio/rer_IX.htm (2100 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Noble Affiliates announces successful well testing in Equatorial Guinea
		The well tested at a rate of 37.5 mm cfpd of gas and 2,400 bpd of condensate (46 degree API gravity) from 120 feet of perforations on a one-inch choke at 2,473 pounds per square inch flowing tubing pressure and 197 pounds per square inch bottom hole pressure draw down.
		A recently completed development program for the Alba Field increased daily production from 6,900 barrels of condensate, 1,800 barrels of natural gas liquids and 93 mm cfpd of gas to the current level of 16,000 barrels of condensate, 2,400 barrels of natural gas liquids and 240 mm cfpd of gas.
		Approximately 105 mm cfpd of gas is being utilized in the AMPCO-operated methanol plant that just began operation on Bioko Island, and the remaining gas is being re- injected into the reservoir.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/company/cna12905.htm (445 words)

	Natural Gas Processing MOLSIV Adsorbents
		The most widely used application is natural gas drying to prevent water freeze up in cryogenic process trains.
		S) natural gas – often referred to as sour gas - and natural gas condensate streams.
		More than 50 natural gas liquid treaters use UOP’s RK-29 molecular sieves to remove H2S and low molecular weight mercaptans from propane, RK-29-II adsorbent to remove COS from propane, and 13X molecular sieves to remove heavy molecular weight mercaptans from butane.
	www.uop.com /adsorbents/7070.html (567 words)

	Embassy of Qatar - NORTH GAS FIELD
		This huge wealth is concentrated in the North Gas Field, the largest single non-associated field in the world, with recoverable reserves of about 380 trillion cubic feet and total gas in place exceeding 500 trillion cubic feet.
		The agreement defined the partnership aiming to export gas in quantities ranging between 300,000 and 600,000 cubic feet from Qatar to the UAE and Oman for 25 years and to produce on daily basis 35,000 barrels of condensate and 19,000 barrels of liquefied associated gas.
		The agreement prescribes that Dolphin dig 16 wells, build a production unit and transport gas to Ras Laffan where the company will have built a gas treatment plant, in which condensate, sulfur, natural gas liquids and liquefied petroleum gas are to be extracted.
	www.qatarembassy.net /northfield.asp (939 words)

	Condensate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Natural gas condensate, in the natural gas industry
		Bose-Einstein condensate, a substance which occurs at very low temperatures in a system of bosons
		Fermionic condensate, a substance which occurs at very low temperatures in a system of fermions
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Condensate (137 words)

	Gazprom to develop Shtokman alone, pipe gas to Europe \| EnergyBulletin.net \| Peak Oil News Clearinghouse
		It has been providing gas to Europe for more than 30 years, and European gas demand is expected to grow about 2%/year, according to the International Energy Agency.
		In January, the Russian Federation Nature Ministry's State Commission for Mineral Reserves estimated Shtokman reserves at 3.7 trillion cu m of natural gas and more than 31 million tonnes of condensate.
		The gas initially will be piped from the field to the Russian coast and then under the Baltic Sea from Russia to Germany through the proposed 1,200 km Nord Stream pipeline, formerly called the North European Gas Pipeline.
	energybulletin.net /21287.html (1337 words)

	Cold Climate Soil Vapor Extraction/Bioventing
		The SVE/bioventing demonstrations are part of a series of field demonstrations of remedial technologies applicable to the unique problems encountered in the natural gas processing industry.
		The site, located in Alberta, Canada, is contaminated by a complex mixture of natural gas condensate liquids, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dissolved volatile organic compounds (including the BTEX compounds of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene) and gas-processing chemicals such as amines and amine degradation products.
		There is free-phase natural gas condensate in addition to a dissolved hydrocarbon plume in glaciofluvial sands and gravels and fractured bedrock.
	clu-in.org /PRODUCTS/NEWSLTRS/TTREND/ttsvecol.htm (799 words)

	.:: GasNet - O Site do Gás Natural ::. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In a surprise move, Russia''s OAO Gazprom announced that it will develop giant Shtokman (Shtokmanovskoye) natural gas-condensate field in the Barents Sea without foreign partners and will pipe the gas to Europe rather than convert it to LNG for North American markets as had been planned.
		Shtokman, one of the largest gas fields in the world, lies 555 km east of Murmansk in 350 m of water.
		In January, the Russian Federation Nature Ministry''s State Commission for Mineral Reserves estimated Shtokman reserves at 3.7 trillion cu m of natural gas and more than 31 million tonnes of condensate (eight times the Brazilian reserves).
	www.gasnet.com.br /novo_artigos.asp?cod=1042 (1123 words)

	Chemicals,Australia,industry,economics,health,safety,ACTED,
		South Australia is the nation's largest onshore oil and gas producer, with production dominated by the Santos-operated Moomba field in the Cooper Basin in the State's north.
		At Port Bonython the liquids are fractionated into propane, butane, condensate and crude oil for shipping to refineries and general distribution.
		The owner Santos has reported the prices to be equivalent to the current price for natural gas supplied to Adelaide and Sydney adjusted for crude oil price movements (the price was estimated by one analyst at $3m per petajoule).
	www.chemlink.com.au /sachem.htm (998 words)

	International Fuel Technology to Petition for EPAct Status for Proprietary Fuel Blend Derived from Natural Gas ...
		The Company's Premium Diesel blend is substantially "non-barrel' with the majority of the finished fuel blend coming from synthetic diesel derived from natural gas condensate, which is then blended with EPA No. 2 diesel and IFT's patented fuel additive.
		The inclusion of a fuel that is substantially non-petroleum represents a key characteristic in the consideration of an alternative fuel under EPAct.
		With Premium Diesel no extra energy is used to refine the gas condensate into fuel, meaning the net environmental benefit is greater for Premium Diesel versus fuels currently derived from gas-to-liquid (GTL) technology.
	www.ewire.com /display.cfm/Wire_ID/871 (947 words)

	Patents: 4044098
		Process for the removal of mercury from natural gas condensate
		Process for the production of natural gas condensate having a reduced amount of mercury from a mercury-containing natural gas wellstream
		Removal of mercury from natural gas and liquid hydrocarbons utilizing downstream guard chabmer
	www.freepatentsonline.com /REF4044098 (223 words)

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