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Topic: Natural gender

Related Topics

Grammatical gender

North Caucasian languages

	ainstreaming gender perspectives in environmental management and mitigation of natural disasters
		Incorporating gender perspectives in work on natural disasters requires a sound understanding of the gender perspectives in relation to environmental management in addition to the identification of the relevant gender perspectives in disaster risk management, in the impact of disasters and in emergency management/responses.
		To understand the impact of natural disasters on women respective men – the losses and costs to both women and men - and their potential for recovery after disasters, it is necesary to understand the interactions of women and men with the environment.
		In conclusion, gender is a significant factor in the constuction of social vulnerability in relation to risk of natural disasters, the differential impact of disasters and potential for developing adequate responses to hazards and disasters.
	www.un.org /womenwatch/daw/documents/Natdisas.html (4079 words)

	[No title]
		Women's practical needs are generally derived from existing gender roles assigned to them by traditional patterns of division of labour.., Strategic interests, in contrast, challenge existing gender roles and stereotypes, based on the premise that women are in a subordinate position to men as the consequence of social and institutional discrimination against them.
		GENDER AGAINST MOTHERHOOD According to the INSTRAW booklet: Gender analysis is the systematic examination of the roles, relations and processes, focusing on imbalances in power, wealth and workload between women and men in all societies.
		Gender ideologues consider violence against women to be a major problem, yet in all cultures men are more likely to be victims of violence than women, more likely to be murdered, assaulted in fights, and injured in various conflicts.
	www.ewtn.com /library/ISSUES/SOLVPROB.TXT (2843 words)

	Home
		Non-linguistically, gender is defined as 'a reflection of the sex of an object as either male or female.' This is also popularly known as 'natural gender' or 'referential gender' or simply 'the sex of the object' (Baron, 1986; Ervin, 1962; Fodor, 1959).
		In this view, there is a claim that the source of grammatical gender is the human desire to distinguish between the sexes and that 'natural gender' has always been represented in language through the division of human nouns into the categories male and female.
		Baron (1986) notes that it is because of the close relationship between grammatical gender and 'natural gender' in English, that English lexicographers and grammarians in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries defined gender simply as 'the distinction of sex' and described four principal methods of distinguishing sex in the English noun system.
	www.uga.edu /~womanist/moshi2.1.htm (9059 words)

	Aimee Van Wagenen Wrin
		They may consciously orient their doings of gender so the outcome is assessed as gender-appropriate or purposively gender-inappropriateeither way individuals orient their behavior with the knowledge that by being assessed, they will be held accountable for their doing of gender.
		Although it is individuals who do gender, the enterprise is fundamentally interactional and institutional in character, because accountability is a feature of social relationships and its idiom is drawn from the institutional arena in which those relationships are enacted (23-24).
		Butler's emphasis on the ritual repetition of heterosexualized gender, the excess of the reified construction of gender, and on the instability of categories of gender marks one rift between her project and the social constructionist project.
	www.bc.edu /bc_org/avp/cas/soc/SocialMoments/vanwag7.htm (5864 words)

	Gender and Social Analysis: International Development Research Centre
		Gender -- the socially constructed roles and characteristics assigned to men and women in a specific culture-- is a key factor shaping people`s access to, use of and control over natural resources.
		However, these gendered realities are not acknowledged in many development initiatives, resulting in serious inequities in the distribution of the benefits of natural resource use and affecting the sustainability of natural resource management.
		Gender analysis is a research tool for identifying these and other kinds of gender differences and for drawing attention to the conditions needed for equitable and sustainable management of natural resources.
	www.idrc.org /en/ev-2451-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html (369 words)

	Acquisition of Grammatical Gender in Italian as a Foreign Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Sensitivity to the masculine gender cue in -tore is demonstrated by the fact that it is assigned to the masculine at a much higher rate (63.3%) than it was to nouns ending in -e (see Table 2).
		Although they were told that all of the nouns were singular, it is likely that the strong gender associations with the masculine of the plural -i ending and with the feminine of the plural -e influenced their choices.
		An even greater decrease in accuracy was exhibited when the natural gender of the referent was in discord with the gender marking on the noun and article (65.4%).
	www.utpjournals.com /product/cmlr/542/542-Oliphant.html (7702 words)

	Clark University IDCE Pages - Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This community of scholars at Clark has recognized that gender is not just a woman’s concern; it is a social construct through which all human beings organize their work, rights, responsibilities and relationships.
		The application of gender analysis to existing and future programs and projects related to natural resource development will help enable researchers, planners and practitioners to become aware of the variety of socioeconomic constraints that must be overcome if the natural resource needs of all farm families are to be met.
		In 1999, she was involved in the IDB’s initiative to increase the focus on gender in natural disaster prevention and response programs, specifically in the post-Hurricane Mitch reconstruction efforts in Central America.
	www.clarku.edu /departments/idce/research/ccbd/gender.shtml (5756 words)

	SD : People : Gender and natural resources
		Incorporate gender into the "Guidelines for Land Use Planning" and the "Guidelines for the Adoption of a Participatory Approach to Better Land Husbandry".
		Incorporate detailed information by gender and age on land tenure and on the labour inputs for land use operations in the FAO Universal Land Use Database (ULUD).
		Produce analytical papers and case studies on the roles of women in agroforestry, watershed management, dryland forestry, wildlife and conservation area management, forest genetics and tree improvement, forest protection and management, and on women's roles in informal and formal forestry research, education and extension.
	www.fao.org /WAICENT/faoinfo/sustdev/WPdirect/WPdoe003.htm (3263 words)

	What is the point of grammatical gender? (page 2) \| Antimoon Forum
		Adam, I think you may be confusing natural spoken language too much with the written language--remember that even in nonliterate societies they have no problems learning the rules of their grammar and speak their language perfectly well even if they've never spent a day of their life in school.
		What we must remember is that the /kind/ of gender we're generally speaking about here is grammatical gender, not natural gender.
		On another note, one must stop thinking of grammatical gender as being an analogue of natural gender, but rather one should view it as just a type of noun class system involving a relatively small number of noun classes which just happen to be to some extent linked with natural gender, in places.
	www.antimoon.com /forum/posts/6777-2.htm (923 words)

	Mensactivism.org \| Upcoming natural science, gender role broadcast (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		IMHO, Gender can be a modern social construction to the degree that homo sapiens have the ability to intelligently manipulate their role in their environment and still survive as a speices.
		Gender is defined as the behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex--what behaviors, attitudes and psychological traits a society or culture considers to masculine or feminine.
		Gender feminism is the law of man not the law of nature, and it ruthlessly harasses heterosexual boys and girls with its bigoted views regarding the biology of human sexuality.
	www.mensactivism.org /articles/04/10/17/2016237.shtml (1770 words)

	INFOCUS PROGRAMME CRISIS RESPONSE AND RECONSTRUCTION
		The present paper on Gender and Natural Disasters is one of the first outputs of the Programme's research work being undertaken in close consultation with external network of researchers from various universities and other research institutions around the world.
		Gender and Disaster Working Groups, to be organized at the regional and sub-regional level, would provide a platform for integrated, coordinated, and multisectoral disaster planning, with the broad mandate of promoting decent work for women and men before, during, and after natural disasters.
		Gender relations are a crucial dimension of all socio-economic systems, and the distinct roles and needs of women and of men, as well as of other specific groups of people, should routinely be analyzed.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/employment/recon/crisis/publ/wp1.htm (15256 words)

	The Medical Construction of Gender
		The doctor/parent discussions make it clear to family members that gender is not a biological given (even though, of course, their own [biology-based] procedures for diagnosis assume that it is) and that gender is fluid.
		The implication of these comments is that the gender identity of all children, not just those born with ambiguous genitals, is determined primarily by social factors, that the parents and society always ‘construct’ a child’s gender; in cases of intersexed infants, the doctors merely provide the right genitals to go along with the socialization.
		The belief that gender consists of two exclusive types is maintained and perpetuated by the medical community in the face of incontrovertible physical evidence that this is not mandated by biology.
	www.medhelp.org /www/ais/articles/KESSLER.HTM (4107 words)

	German_new
		Nonetheless, a number of rules exist that predict gender for fairly large numbers of nouns with fairly high and sometimes perfect success rates, and they are worth learning and discussing early and throughout one's study of German.
		Probably the single most important rule to learn about German gender is the Natural Gender Rule: If a noun refers to a human being, or to an animal commonly kept by Europeans as a pet or farm animal, or commonly hunted by Europeans, its grammatical gender will almost always correspond to its natural biological gender.
		One of the most useful of all gender rules is the "final-schwa-rule": nouns ending in a schwa sound, the unaccented, neutral -uh sound that is usually spelled -e, are feminine 90% of the time.
	camden-www.rutgers.edu /dept-pages/german/genderrules.html (1094 words)

	OEfinal
		Although the referent’s natural gender is feminine, because gender is grammatically conveyed, the noun happens to be masculine, and is therefore inflected according to a masculine declension, taking a masculine form of the determiner as well.
		As such, there is a general consensus that “at some stage in its development, [grammatical gender] must have been an extension of natural gender into the sphere of language” (Ibrahim 30), allowing for a more articulate distinction of gender in human-animate nouns.
		In general, however, as Baugh argues, the use of masculine and feminine gender for non-animates is not a function of grammatical or natural gender, but of attributive gender, a type of “personification and a matter of rhetoric, not grammar” (11).
	www.chass.utoronto.ca /~cpercy/courses/6361ArchibaldBarber.htm (2165 words)

	pmcnet.org - Participatory Management Clearinghouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Gender refers to the relationships between men and women, their roles and responsibilities.
		Gender analysis helps to recognize the vital role that women play in the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and to affirm the need for the full participation of women at all levels of policy-making and implementation for biological diversity conservation.
		There is an increasing body of knowledge on the gender dynamics of natural resource management, which enhances understanding among rural people, development practitioners, researchers and decision-makers about these issues and upgrade their skills to use gender-sensitive and participatory approaches.
	www.pmcnet.org /gender.aspx (658 words)

	Ethical Issues and Social Responsibility - Example
		It is not to say that gender cannot be naturally assigned either.
		natural brains’ responses are at war in this case.
		The truth of the matter is that we are both socially and naturally assigned.
	web.pdx.edu /~jip/ethicalissuesandsocialresponsibilityexample.html (1135 words)

	Natural Gender Selection
		We will then evaluate whether you should go ahead to conceive your next child (if of the preferred gender) or wait for the next opportune moment when this becomes plausible for you based on (3).
		In other words, we will program for your next conception to be deliberately skipped (if it is not of the gender of your preference).
		We may also take into consideration the numerous factors that may cause complications for a couple with infertility problems to conceive naturally including smoking /alcohol/stress factors etc that you and/or your partner may be subjected to.
	www.naturalgenderselection.com (683 words)

	Choose your baby's sex with PlanBaby. Natural baby gender selection method based on biological rhythms.
		Natural baby gender selection method based on biological rhythms.
		PlanBaby.com is a natural baby gender selection method based on biological rhythms.
		This method will help you choose, with an amazing degree of accuracy (from 90 to 95%), the gender of the baby you are planning to conceive - or, if you are pregnant, to find out the most likely sex of your baby.
	www.planbaby.com (259 words)

	The Prophet Lilith: Never Enough Natural Gender Deconstruction Department (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Questions about gender identity may fill her mind, and she may experience terrible cramping, but none of that seems to matter as long as she can have so-called "normal" sexual relations.
		In one sense, this disorder--Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome, or MRKH--has parallels with transsexuality, in that women with gender issues are seeking surgery to "correct" their genitalia.
		It's promising that Our Bodies Ourselves now includes a chapter on gender identity and sexuality, but thanks to the imposition of gender based on a crude check of a baby's crotch at birth, it often feels more like damage control instead of progress.
	foolspress.com /lilith/2005/08/never-enough-natural-gender.html (432 words)

	GenderLabs.com - Gender Selection - Choose The Sex Of Your Baby Naturally And Scientifically (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		So you have got two boys and you are hoping your third attempt will be a girl, perhaps you have two girls and wanted a boy or maybe you just have a preference.
		In reality, a sure fix is yet to be discovered for natural gender preselection, however, you may deploy scientifically proven methodologies and technologies to influence the outcome...
		Our mission is to render advanced gender preselection solutions more accessible to all...
	www.genderlabs.com /?hop=surfside.genderlabs (455 words)

	GST Gateway: Environment - Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This volume is designed to assist conservation and development professionals involved in multistakeholder management of natural resources.
		AusAID, 2000 This report outlines gender guidelines to ensure participation of all members of the community in water and sanitation projects.
		Danida, 1999 The Guiding Questions on Gender and Water Supply and Sanitation serve as a tool for development practitioners for assessment of various reports, studies and Sector Programme Support Documents.
	gstgateway.wigsat.org /ta/NOS/envt/resources.html (722 words)

	Baby Gender Selection Methods 99% success (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		I was never one to care very much what gender I wanted my child to be, but since she had success I thought, why not give it a try.
		When making a major decision, like choosing the gender of your child, it's important to go with a company you can trust, and Stork Select's method has helped millions of couples determine their baby's gender before conception.
		In each of our gender books we provide you with all the information for formulating your own kit and detail instructions for using the products for your desired gender.
	www.storkselect.com (1147 words)

	GEST 100 Spring 2004 Schedule
		In this unit, we'll see how issues of gender and sexuality have been approached by natural scientists.
		Some recent scientific research has been said to offer conclusive proof that gender differences have biological origins, and in our practicum we'll have a chance to consider how some of that research was done.
		In this unit, we'll focus on the ways in which people’s experiences as women and men might inform their work as artists and musicians.
	www.lawrence.edu /fast/rewgottt/gsb2004.html (386 words)

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