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Topic: Natural monopoly

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Monopoly

Government monopoly

Monopoly

Market form

Monopsony

Market failure

Privatization

Oligopoly

Price skimming

Public good

Profit maximization

Externality

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	Natural monopoly - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In a natural monopoly a single firm will typically dominate; this occurs for one main reason: once established the extra cost to the company to serve one additional customer is extremely small when compared to the initial investment.
		A classic example is the undermining of the natural monopoly of the canals in eighteenth century Britain by the emergence in the nineteenth century of the new technology of railways.
		Natural monopoly effects are a property of the producer's cost curves, whilst network effects arise from the benefit to the consumers of a good from standardization of the good.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Natural_monopoly (2637 words)

	Monopoly - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Natural monopoly arises when there are large capital costs relative to variable costs, which arises typically in network industries such as electricity and water.
		Counter-intuitively, the case of a monopolization of a key source of a natural resource is not considered a natural monopoly, because it is based on the running down of natural capital rather than the amortization of an investment in physical or human capital.
		A local monopoly is a monopoly of a market in a particular area, usually a town or even a smaller locality: the term is used to differentiate a monopoly that is geographically limited within a country, as the default assumption is that a monopoly covers the entire industry in a given country.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/m/o/n/Monopoly.html (2341 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Natural monopoly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In economics, a natural monopoly occurs when, due to the economies of scale of a particular industry, the maximum efficiency of production and distribution is realized via a single supplier.
		Natural monopolies arise where the largest supplier in an industry, or the first supplier in a local area, has an overwhelming cost advantage over other actual or potential competitors.
		However, natural monopolies' cost functions are characterized by the fact that at no positive price (as per the demand schedule) does the marginal cost equal or exceed the average cost.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Natural_monopoly (2649 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Natural monopoly
		In economics, a natural monopoly is a persistent situation where a single company is the only supplier of a particular kind of product or service due to the fundamental cost structure of the industry.
		Natural monopolies are often contrasted with coercive monopolies, in which competition would be economically viable if allowed but potential competitors are barred from entering the market by law or by force.
		Likewise, deregulation advocates assert that claims of "natural monopoly" are wrongly used to justify the creation of government monopolies, for instance in public utilities -- such as telephone service during much of the 20th century.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Natural_monopoly (2674 words)

	Monopoly, by George J. Stigler: The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics: Library of Economics and Liberty
		Monopolies that exist independent of government support are likely to be due to smallness of markets (the only druggist in town) or to rest upon temporary leadership in innovation (the Aluminum Company of America until World War II).
		The main kind of monopoly that is both persistent and not caused by the government is what economists call a "natural" monopoly.
		Other economists want no regulation because they believe that even natural monopolies must face some competition (electric utilities must compete with home generation of wind power, for example, and industrial customers can sometimes produce their own power or buy it elsewhere), and they want the natural monopoly to have a strong incentive to cut costs.
	www.econlib.org /library/Enc/Monopoly.html (2376 words)

	Natural monopoly at opensource encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In economics, a natural monopoly refers to a situation where a single company tends to become the only supplier of a product or service over time because the nature of that product or service makes a single supplier more efficient than multiple, competing ones.
		If it is a natural monopoly, then (it is argued) allowing or expecting the action of competition is bootless.
		Natural monopoly affects are a property of the producer's cost curves, but network effects are a property of the benefit to the consumers of a good.
	www.wiki.tatet.com /Natural_monopoly.html (687 words)

	Natural monopoly - Definition from Investor Dictionary - Define meaning of the word Natural monopoly
		Natural monopoly - Definition from Investor Dictionary - Define meaning of the word Natural monopoly
		In economics, a natural monopoly is a situation where a single company tends to become the only supplier of a product or service over time because the nature of that product or service makes a single supplier more efficient than multiple, competing ones.
		The End of a Natural Monopoly: Deregulation and Competition in the Electric Power Industry
	www.investordictionary.com /definition/natural+monopoly.aspx (243 words)

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