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Topic: Naval Gunfire Support

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	Naval gunfire support - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Naval gunfire is one of the three main components of amphibious warfare assault operations support, along with aircraft and ship-launced missiles.
		Naval gunfire was also used to help curb German operations in Normandy, although the surprise nature of the attack precluded the drawn-out bombardment neccesary to reduce the Atlantic Wall sufficient to reduce the horrendous casualties suffered, especially at the American beaches (Omaha and Utah).
		Task Unit 70.8.9, the Naval Gunfire Support Unit, was made up of destroyers, usually armed with the rapid fire five inch fifty four caliber guns, and continuously patrolled the coast of South Vietnam to provide NGFS at short notice.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Naval_Gunfire_Support (497 words)

	History of The USS White River (LSMR-536)
		She reprised gunfire support for those Korean units the following month, the Capital Division on 1-2 April, and the 9th Division on 2 April and in three other instances: 16-17 April, 21-23 April, and 27 April); in addition, her armament assisted in Operation Cochise (11-12 April).
		The next day (28 January), the inshore fire support ship bombarded an enemy staging area a half-mile from the previous day's target, killing 15 VC and destroying 54 structures, 11 of which were of heavy masonry construction and six of which had been used to store POL (petroleum, oil, and lubricant) products.
		supported the 1st Australian Task Force in Phuoc Tuy Province, in the III Corps Zone, during the period 22-27 October 1969, unleashing a barrage of 5-inch spin-stabilized rockets on 28 enemy targets.
	www.mrfa.org /whiteriver.htm (2519 words)

	1stAngHistory
		The missions of the respective teams, both air and naval gunfire, are 'to control, coordinate, and advise concerning the air support and naval gunfire support of the echelon to which the team may be assigned.
		The nature of training, both for air and gunfire teams, is susceptible of mass handling at a single level; moreover, the persons obviously best qualified to conduct this training are the division's two leading specialists in their respective fields, the air officer and the naval gunfire officer.
		Ideally speaking, a substantial portion of the annual air and naval gunfire team training cycle should be conducted away from the division, at gunfire and air support schools and bombardment ranges.
	anglicoassociation.org /_themes/ANGLICO/AndNowAnglico.htm (1959 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Naval gunfire support
		Naval gunfire support (NGFS) is a US term for the use of naval artillery to provide fire support support for amphibious assault and other troops operating within their range.
		Modern naval gunfire support is one of the three main components of amphibious warfare assault operations support, along with aircraft and ship-launched missiles.
		Naval gunfire was also used to help curb German operations in Normandy, although the surprise nature of the attack precluded the drawn-out bombardment which could have reduced the Atlantic Wall defences sufficiently a process that fell to specialist armoured vehicles instead.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Naval_Gunfire_Support (1226 words)

	USS Mansfield DD-728 Operation Sea Dragon
		Accuracy is the key word in naval gunfire support--accuracy that enables cruisers and destroyers to fire projectiles up to 15 miles inland at an enemy who may be within a few hundred yards of friendly forces.
		Naval gunfire support ships have the ability to loiter in an area indefinitely or to speed along the coast at more that 30 knots.
		A ship assigned to gunfire support might spend her early morning hours softening up a beach before an amphibious assault, answer a call for an emergency mission against enemy troops in the afternoon, and fire illumination rounds and H and I (harassment and interdiction) fire through the night.
	web.meganet.net /kman/seadrg2.htm (3547 words)

	1969 NARRATIVE
		The ship remained in support of the Third Marine Division until 0100 on the third, leaving station on the second to rearm from USS WRANGELL (AE-12) One hundred eighty-eight tons of 16-inch projectiles and powder were received.
		Fire support was not requested, and NEW JERSEY was detached at noon to proceed to Subic Bay for upkeep and rearming.
		Serving five tours as a much sought after Naval Gunfire Support unit, USS NEW JERSEY was a major contributor to the unique Sea Dragon operations, during which time she fired a total of 641 highly successful main and secondary battery missions.
	www.ussnewjersey.org /1969_narrative.htm (11914 words)

	[No title]
		The counter-mix does include eight Allied Naval Gunfire Support Mission counters and a number of Entrenched markers for both the Germans and the Allies.
		The top number on the Naval Gunfire units is the attack support strength.
		NAVAL GUNFIRE SUPPORT (F) (Clarification): In effect, only one Naval Gunfire Mission may support an attack or defense of a single occupied hex.
	www.grognard.com /errata/normandy.txt (838 words)

	Military Definitions
		Naval advanced logistic support sites, with port and airfield facilities in close proximity, are located within the theater of operations but not near the main battle areas, and must possess the throughput capacity required to accommodate incoming and outgoing intertheater airlift and sealift.
		A naval base primarily for support of the forces afloat, contiguous to a port or anchorage, consisting of activities or facilities for which the Navy has operating responsibilities, together with interior lines of communication and the minimum surrounding area necessary for local security.
		In artillery and naval gunfire support, a report to the observer/spotter to indicate that the last round(s) was fired with incorrect data and that the round(s) will be fired again using correct data.
	www.fas.org /news/reference/lexicon/den.htm (9499 words)

	Navy League of the United States - Citizens in Support of the Sea Services
		To support Sea Strike, the Navy and Marine Corps are developing the Expeditionary Strike Group (ESG), a heavily up-gunned version of the traditional amphibious ready group--to which will be added cruisers, destroyers, and submarines.
		There are many potential conflict scenarios in which large numbers of supporting aircraft may not be available and that include target sets that do not warrant the expenditure of expensive and relatively scarce missiles.
		Long-range naval gunfire support is only one means by which the Navy will be able to project precise and persistent offensive power from the sea.
	www.navyleague.org /sea_power/feb_03_37.php (1473 words)

	Bloody Beaches: The Marines at Peleliu (Introduction)
		In their earlier operations, especially at Guadalcanal, the primary experience of 1st Division Marines with naval gunfire was at the receiving end.
		The naval gunfire to which the Guadalcanal veterans were exposed frequently and heavily damaged planes and installations ashore.
		Subsequent to D-Day there were numerous instances of well-called and -delivered naval gunfire support: night illumination during the night of 15-16 September, the destruction of two major blockhouses earlier reported "destroyed," and effective support of the Ngesebus landing toward the end of the battle.
	www.nps.gov /archive/wapa/indepth/extContent/usmc/pcn-190-003137-00/sec1a.htm (1718 words)

	Gallipoli: Naval Aspects of the Suvla Landings
		Although not as effective as expected naval gunfire provided essential support for the Army and improved as fire control techniques, aided by the use of spotting balloons and aircraft, were developed with practice.
		As previously in the campaign, the gunfire support had mixed results, but Turkish sources noted the effectiveness of the ships' fire in halting the movement of reinforcements and causing heavy casualties.
		Naval gunfire, despite its limitations, was absolutely vital.
	www.iwm.org.uk /upload/package/2/gallipoli/seasuvla.htm (555 words)

	Selected Documents: Vietnam
		Naval Support Activity, Danang (3599) which provided logistic support to the Third Marine Amphibious Force and other American units in the northern portion of the country.
		Arrayed against this imposing naval strength, and against the more than 515,000 men from South Vietnamese and other American services, were the Viet Cong and their allies from the North who had a total strength of almost a quarter of a million regular, irregular, and administrative forces.
		Under Admiral Ward will be the Naval Advisory Group, the Naval Support Activities in Saigon and Danang, the 30th Naval Construction Regiment, CTF 115 (coastal patrol force), and CTF 116 (river patrol force).
	www.history.navy.mil /docs/vietnam/high66-3.html (7755 words)

	HyperWar: Amphibious Operations: Capture of Iwo Jima [Chapter 2]
		It was not until after fire support ships, their spotting planes, and the support aircraft had worked at the objective for 2 days, had become familiar with the location and appearance of the defenses, and had accurately attacked them with close range gunfire and low altitude air strikes, that substantial results were achieved.
		Targets were assigned to air or naval gunfire as appropriate, and notations and evaluations were based on the report of the ship, plane, air observer or from photo intelligence.
		Replacement naval gunfire liaison officers and spotters were embarked in the gunboat unit flagship to direct the fire until communications were established with the spotter ashore.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USN/rep/Iwo/Cominch/Iwo-2.html (6884 words)

	The USS Wisconsin Gets a New Home
		She continued her gunfire support task for the 1st Marine Division and 1st ROK Corps through 6 December, accounting for enemy bunkers, artillery positions, and troop concentrations.
		On one occasion during that time, the battleship received a request for call-fire support and provided three starshells for the 1st ROK Corps, illuminating a communist attack that was consequently repulsed with considerable enemy casualties.
		She departed the "bombline" on that day to render special gunfire support duties in the Kojo area blasting coastal targets in support of United Nations (UN) troops ashore.
	www.100megsfree2.com /jjscherr/scherr/usswisconsin.htm (4673 words)

	Ship's History
		For five weeks she supported the invasion and twice provided gunfire support to the men on the beaches.
		She was awarded the Naval Unit Commendation for exceptionally meritorious service in Vietnamese waters from 29 August 1967 to 17 February 1968 upon her return to Pearl.
		Again she provided Naval Gunfire Support for allied troops, and carried out carrier escort duties in the Gulf of Tonkin.
	www.ussgoldsborough.com /History.htm (1320 words)

	Oliver North: Save the Battlewagons
		It also ignores the full range of support that is economically available from well protected, highly-mobile, gun and missile-firing battleships.
		Naval officers admit that heavily armored battleships are practically impervious to such strikes, but claim that what the DD(X) lacks in armor it will make up in stealth and speed.
		To embattled Marines that just means their nearest naval gunfire support will be far out at sea and traveling at high speed -- neither of which contribute to accurate "steel on target" for troops fighting ashore.
	www.military.com /Opinions/0,,FreedomAlliance_041405,00.html (1116 words)

	[No title]
		In 1998 the decision was made to leverage existing Crusader tech for the DD-21 to create a fire support system with 100NM and 12 rds a minute.
		Oddly enough most officers that don't deal dirrectly with artillery (grunt and tankers, etc) don't have too much of problem thinking that rockets should be able to handle the slack.
		I can't believe non artillerists don't understand the differences between air support and artillery support.
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/4-48.aspx (290 words)

	Gurke Ship's Log Page 28
		During the April-May 1972 Easter Offensive, GURKE was involved in an unending cycle of scheduled or on-call naval gunfire missions, refueling, rearming, and replenishing.
		GURKE was the target of intense hostile fire during many of her naval gunfire missions in close proximity to the North Vietnam coast.
		These intense naval gunfire missions and replenishment operations required the crew to use a lot of ingenuity in getting a little rest each day in order to be ready for the next assigned task.
	www.ussgurke.org /logbok28.htm (1665 words)

	D-Day, the Normandy Invasion, 6-25 June 1944
		Between 0530 and 0550, the Allied gunfire support task groups began bombarding prearranged targets along the beaches.
		The landing bogged down and it took a combination of short-range destroyer gunnery support, aerial bombardment and desperate infantry assaults to break the German defenses.
		Superior Allied naval and shore-based artillery then helped defeat the initial German counter-attacks at the same time that Allied dominance of the air hindered the transportation of German reinforcements to the region.
	www.history.navy.mil /faqs/faq109-1.htm (950 words)

	Reviews of 'Omaha Beach: A Flawed Victory'
		The first, espoused by British commanders, was a night attack with minimal gunfire support, thus maximizing surprise.
		The US ideal was, maximum gunfire and air support with a large landing force to ensure a beachhead; American forces having more resources at their disposal.
		A landing at first light, and with minimal naval gunfire support-to maximize surprise; but with mass and an aerial bombardment to overwhelm the defenses.
	www.usingenglish.com /amazon/us/reviews/080782609X.html (581 words)

	Missouri and Wisconsin Day To Day Events In Persian Gulf
		USS Wisconsin continues its naval gunfire missions, responding to calls for fire from U.S. and coalition forces.
		USS Missouri is simultaneously on patrol in the Arabian Gulf supporting Marines and coalition forces.
		Naval forces, including USS Wisconsin and USS Missouri, are continuing naval gunfire support and other operations.
	www.warships1.com /US/BB61stats/index-BB2-pst13.htm (934 words)

	Guest article from Jane's Navy International: Rear Adm David Snelson sketches out UK naval role in the Gulf - Jane's ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		UK naval assets in the Persian Gulf undertaking Operation 'Telic', include some 30 Royal Navy (RN) warships and Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) vessels, about 50 helicopters, and 5,000 men and women.
		Elaborating on the tasks performed by the RN warships, Snelson stressed that "all these assets are, without exception, configured to support of the land operations and the land forces inside Iraq.
		In order to allow logistic support and humanitarian aid to flow into the country there is a need to ensure that sea-borne access to the port of Umm Qasr is safe.
	www.janes.com /defence/naval_forces/news/jdw/jdw030404_1_n.shtml (992 words)

	1968 Narrative
		The real motivation behind the activation was that "a major calibre gunfire support ship is necessary if we are to continue, after October 1968, the present deployment level of two such ships (major calibre gunfire support) in Southeast Asia".
		Soon the ship would be patrolling the shores of Vietnam, providing heavy gunfire support for allied troops engaged in a struggle "for the rights and liberties of small nations".
		General visiting, whereby the Naval Station and the ship would be open to the public, would run for two days-Saturday and Sunday, the 24th and 25th of May from 1300 to 1630.
	www.ussnewjersey.org /1968_narrative.htm (15426 words)

	Balance of Forces - Allied Ground Forces
		Battleships for gunfire support, small carriers for air support, and destroyers for antisubmarine protection.
		The operation needed six steps: Command relatinships, naval gunfire support, air support, ship-to-shore movement, the securing of the beachhead, logistics.
		The reason for the success was due ti the adequate craft for the landing of assault units and for logistic support over the beaches until proper port facilities could be built.
	cghs.dadeschools.net /normandy/balanceofforces/allies/naval_forces.htm (492 words)

	GLOSSARY - Navy Contribution to Australian Maritime Operations (Sea Power Centre - Australia)
		The areas to seaward of the coast which are susceptible to influence or support from the land and the areas inland from the coast which are susceptible to influence or support from the sea.
		A task element deployed forward to coordinate the logistic support of units in theatre.
		A system controlling risk, during design, construction and maintenance, that is likely to affect fitness for materiel service, safety and the environment and also requiring materiel to be designed, constructed and maintained to approved standards, by competent and authorised individuals who are acting as members of authorised organisations whose work is certified as correct.
	www.navy.gov.au /spc/ncamo/glossary.html (4119 words)

	[No title]
		The counter-mix does include eight Allied Naval Gunfire Support Mission counters and a number of Entrenched markers for both the Germans and the Allies.
		The top number on the Naval Gunfire units is the attack support strength.
		NAVAL GUNFIRE SUPPORT (F) (Clarification): In effect, only one Naval Gunfire Mission may support an attack or defense of a single occupied hex.
	grognard.com /errata/normandy.txt (838 words)

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