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Topic: Naval tactics

	Star Wars vs Star Trek Tactics: Starship Combat
		Naval officers eventually realized that importance of disrupting the enemy's battle line, and so they developed signalling protocols in order to create a command and control system that would allow greater flexibility than the "follow the leader" system currently in use.
		Tactics of maneuver shrank in importance; despite the theoretical effectiveness of "crossing the T", it almost never happened and proved to be largely irrelevant.
		Imperial naval tactics are largely based on the battleship era, with some hint of tactics from the early aircraft carrier era.
	www.stardestroyer.net /Empire/Tactics/Naval-Tactics.html (3231 words)

	Naval tactics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Naval tactics is the collective name for methods of engaging and defeating an enemy ship or fleet in battle at sea during naval warfare, the naval equivalent of military tactics on land.
		Naval tactics are concerned with the movements a commander makes in battle, typically in the presence of the enemy.
		Naval strategy concerns the overall strategy for achieving victory and the large movements by which a commander secures the advantage of fighting at a place convenient to himself.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Naval_tactics (326 words)

	The Fleet in Action
		The object of tactics is to bring the weapons employed into action under conditions most favourable to their effective use.
		Tactics being the art of obtaining the position in action in which the weapons employed may be used to the greatest advantage, it is now to consider what that position is. There are thus two factors: (1) position, (2) hitting.
		The probable tactics of an enemy can to some extent be deduced from an examination of what he does in peace time; but there is a factor which must also be borne in mind, the characteristics and known sentiments of the leaders.
	www.gwpda.org /naval/nr191401.htm (5886 words)

	Naval Strategy and Tactics
		The naval officer must be as completely a seaman as an officer in any mercantile marine; and, in addition to this, he must be as accomplished in the use of the material of war entrusted to his charge as the members of any armed force in the world.
		When we enter the domain of tactics strictly so called, that is to say, when we discuss the proceedings of naval forces whether single ships, squadrons, or fleets; in hostile contact with one another, we find the time of Trafalgar full of instructive episodes.
		The tactical condition which the naval architects of the Trafalgar period had to meet was the employment of an increased number of two-deckers of the medium classes.
	home.gci.net /~stall/strat.htm (5272 words)

	THE EVOLUTION OF JAPANESE NAVAL TACTICS
		The tactic of capping the T, or as the Japanese called it, tei sempo, "the tei tactic" (after the Chinese character tei), soon became the tactical holy grail sought by naval commanders worldwide.
		Akiyama wrote, "The tactic for opposing a single enemy flag line is the otsu tactic, in which we subject the enemy to a scissoring attack....
		In any event, while Japanese naval fire control on the eve of the Russo-Japanese War apparently was somewhat behind that in Britain and the United States, it was on a par with, or even slightly ahead of, that of the Russian navy.
	www.angelfire.com /wi/nickc/russo-japanese/navy/tac/jap_tac.html (2056 words)

	Thoughts on USN Tactics, 1912
		As these tactics are to be carried on while not under gun fire, it seems obvious that every formation and maneuver should be used which the Commander-in-Chief might need in the vicinity of the enemy.
		Cruising Tactics and Approach Tactics would not seem to require that the personnel should occupy battle stations; but approach tactics would seem to require that the personnel should be able to take up their battle stations very quickly before gun fire should begin.
		In order to gain a tactical advantage on the open sea, almost the only thing that can be done is to cap the enemy or T him, or approximate that position; and usually this can be done only by the fleet that has superior speed.
	www.gwpda.org /naval/usntct12.htm (3961 words)

	Naval Maneuver Warfare
		To explore maneuver warfare and its relation in naval warfare we must examine the theory of maneuver warfare; the basic theories of modern naval warfare; the impact of technology on the evolution of naval warfare; and finally address the design of naval maneuver warfare as it should apply to naval operations in the 21st century.
		The purpose of the exercise was to validate the "...From the Sea"concept and demonstrate the transition of a naval force from blue water to the littoral and execute an opposed amphibious assault.
		Naval ships incorporated armor; the iron hull; rifled, built-up guns; and the percussion-fused shell.52 These new innovations improved the physical protection of ships and the accuracy and range of naval gunfire allowing them to engage at greater distances.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1995/CG.htm (8185 words)

	Naval & Maritime History Books: World War I, Great War, First World War
		Tactics, however, had never changed and 'crossing the enemy's 'T'' was still enshrined in concrete - as the teaching of the day.
		Their purpose was to give the reader an insight into what had gone on throughout the British fleet and across the RN rank structure at this time.
		With this study, military historian Dwight Messimer examines the weapons, tactics, and organization used by all the belligerents during the war and provides some surprising findings.
	www.scuttlebuttsmallchow.com /navywwi (1662 words)

	Ancient Greek Naval Warfare (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		A defensive tactic used during this period was the Kyklos.
		This is the tactic that was used at the Battle of Salamis in 480BC.
		This is the tactic used by the Greeks against the Persians at Artemisium.
	www.inisfail.com /~ancients/greek-naval.html (869 words)

	Program in Maritime Studies: Abstracts
		This study is an examination of the important changes that occurred in the Greek warship during the last quarter of the fourth century BC During this time the typical Greek naval vessel underwent changes in both its construction and its role in naval tactics.
		The Lamian War in the late 320's BC was a turning point in naval tactics.
		A major watershed in naval history occurred at the battle of Salamis off Cyprus in 306 BC In his attempt to wrest control of the city from Ptolemy, Demetrius engaged him in a sea battle.
	www.ecu.edu /maritime/moore2.htm (400 words)

	Naval science must be given official status Military Thought - Find Articles
		Revival of naval science as an independent area of knowledge after its administrative removal from the field of scientific studies continues to loom large among the many problems that have been disturbing the naval scientific public for a quarter of a century.
		In 1862, the Officer Class was converted to Academic Course of Naval Sciences--we emphasize, a course of naval sciences--which included navigation, astronomy, marine survey, shipboard weapons, practical mechanics and steam-navigation, shipboard artillery, applied naval architecture, shipbuilding theory, physical and maritime geography, and fortification.
		In 1896, the Nicholas Naval Academy instituted a course of naval sciences with the status of a department.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0JAP/is_2_14/ai_n15623006 (805 words)

	Naval science must be given official status Military Thought - Find Articles
		Thus, during two and a half centuries the naval sciences formed a well-balanced system of knowledge about war on the seas, naval equipment and naval weapons, going all the way from sails and boarding, through steam and armor, to atomic power and nuclear missiles.
		Before 1972, naval sciences were not put in a separate category, existing on the same footing as other military sciences.
		In 1977, however, the concept of "naval sciences" was abolished, this contrary to the historical process of scientific thought.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0JAP/is_2_14/ai_n15623006/pg_2 (561 words)

	The Navy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The Navy exercises naval presence in the wider area of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, in the framework of NATO and the bilateral relations, by port calls and bilateral or NATO exercises, thus stressing Greece's interest in the area as well as protecting our national interests in it.
		The execution of naval, air-naval and joint exercises in an operational environment as well as the participation in Allied exercises for the familiarization of the personnel and the achievement of a high level of training.
		The naval presence by patrols of warships in areas of national importance especially in the eastern Aegean, are continuous in order to face any acts against our sovereign rights and also in support of the Coast Guard in prohibiting the entry to illegal immigrants, in facing the problems of drug and arms traffic etc.
	www.hri.org /mod/fylladia/white_bibile_2k/k4_1_2_8_navy.htm (1797 words)

	Sailors as Infantry in the U.S. Navy
		Naval infantry operated ashore regularly during the Quasi War with France, the War of 1812, Seminole Wars, the War with Mexico, the American Civil War, and the Spanish-American War.
		While naval reformers argued the question of what kind of fighting to train for, there was general agreement that naval infantry sustainability was normally limited to 2-3 days and operations were limited geographically.
		By then amphibious landing tactical doctrine had been subsumed by publication of the Marine Corps developed “Tentative Landing Operations Manual” of 1935, which was adopted by the Navy in 1938 as “Fleet Publication 167.” Landing party organization continued to be required and infantry drill and tactics continued to be part of the Landing Force Manuals.
	www.history.navy.mil /library/online/naval_infantry.htm (6235 words)

	Discussion of Trafalgar Papers
		I would ask you to remember that you cannot increase the speed of a ship after she is once built; but you can to a certain extent supplement her fuel endurance by having cruising colliers, or, in the case of liquid fuel, having tank vessels cruising with the fleet.
		I think it is an admirable summary of the naval strategy and tactics of the time of Trafalgar, and it reads us splendid lessons which we should always keep in mind, which will never die, which are as applicable at the present day as they were then.
		Naval people, as a rule, are practical ; and although a definite use for a weapon may exist, it is oi course to be expected that they will use it in other ways also.
	home.gci.net /~stall/discus.htm (8000 words)

	Maritime and Naval Warfare - RAN Reading List (Sea Power Centre - Australia) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Hughes, with fewer colours but more precision, states that the essence of successful naval tactics is to 'attack effectively first': a phrase, which has much implicit meaning.
		The only area in which this book suffers, mainly due to its age, is in its explicit consideration of information warfare; however, this should not stop the reader from attempting to integrate the potential of information warfare with the principles which Hughes propounds.
		Fioravanzo discusses fundamental changes in naval tactics from the simple tactics of ancient times, through the line tactics of the sailing era, and the two dimensional tactics characteristic of the battleship era, to the three dimensional tactics of the 'modern' naval aviation and submarine era.
	www.navy.gov.au /spc/readinglist/naval-warfare.html (402 words)

	strategy and tactics: Naval Strategy and Tactics
		was the central theme of naval strategy formulated in universal terms, although the British had been practicing it for hundreds of years.
		The main strategy of sea power was defined as “command of the sea,”; i.e., the ability to deny use of the sea as a means of transportation to an enemy while simultaneously protecting one's own merchant shipping, and the ability to use the sea to project power ashore while denying that capability to the enemy.
		Another important naval strategy is “overseas presence,” i.e., the visible display of seapower as a deterrent to intervention by opposing powers in key areas of international tension.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0861329.html (353 words)

	U.S. Carrier Group Tactics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is tempting and interesting to regard modern naval combat as the purest expression of tactics.
		Cover and civilians are not within the naval battleground, and the area of combat is level and flat.
		Because of this naval commanders hate operating close to shore or in shallow water, doctrine is that a fleet must act as if they have already been detected and maybe even targeted.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modern_naval_tactics (3681 words)

	POLISH NAVAL ACDEMY
		Commandant - head of Division of Navigation and Naval ordnance is Capt. Stanislaw Kolaczynski, Prof.NA DNNO trains midshipmen during a four-year undergraduate course of study with a major in navigation, within-the major specialisation in operation of shipboard systems.
		CSI has done long term studies in the conduct of operations and tactics, focused on the development of combat forces and means in closed sea, and it has worked out theoretical fundamentals for commanding forces in the navy and has undertaken several other indispensable measures.
		The Naval Academy of today is a school of known achievements and extensive scientific contacts in Poland and abroad, among others USA, Germany, France, Portugal, Sweden, Holland, Canada.
	www.ceebd.co.uk /ceeed/un/po/po075.htm (2314 words)

	US NAVAL SPECIAL OPERATIONS FORCES
		Naval Special Warfare (NSW), provides an effective means to apply counterforce in conjunction with national policy and objectives in peacetime and across the spectrum of hostilities from peacetime operations to limited war to general war.
		Naval Special Warfare Task Groups (NSWTG), and Task Units (NSWTU), are task organized, tailored in size and composition to the mission, and resourced from NSWG and subordinate commands.
		Naval Special Warfare Group TWO (NSWG-2), located in Little Creek, VA, is the one of the six major operational components of the Naval Special Warfare Command.
	www.fas.org /irp/agency/dod/socom/sof-ref-2-1/SOFREF_Ch4.htm (6252 words)

	ttgapers store - USA - Greek and Roman Naval Warfare; A Study of Strategy, Tactics, and Ship Design from Salamis (480 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Naval Warfare Under Oars, 4th to 16th Centuries; A Study of Strategy, Tactics and Ship Design.
		Arguably, the First Punic War was the most important war in Western history because, as a result of it's occurrnce, Rome became the most powerful naval power in the Mediterranean by defeating one of the most powerful Hellenistic naval powers of the time, Carthage, on it's own turf.
		It's better to have a well-written and reserached general overview of ancient naval warfare written by an Admiral, than it is, sometimes, to have a narrow treatise written by an academic sitting in a dusty cubicle.
	www.ttgapers.com /module-ttStore-product-asin-0870212265-locale-us.html (1470 words)

	Naval Forces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The purpose behind the Naval Forces Training initiative is to provide a sampling of how economical Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) interactive software can be modified to provide interactive training with and on state of the art weapons and systems.
		Naval Forces, provides a venue where through the multiplayer environment, Tactics and capabilities can be practiced economically and safely.
		By offering both Blue and Red force “teaming”, innovative battle tactics can be tried with no risk of safety.
	www.naval-ops.com (132 words)

	Bibliography series
		Naval Warfare in the Twentieth Century, 1900-1945: Essays in Honor of Arthur Marder.
		Naval Strategy Compared and Contrasted With the Principles and Practice of Military Operations on Land: Lectures Delivered at the U.S. Naval War College, Newport, R.I., Between the Years 1887 and 1911.
		A History of Naval Tactics From 1530 to 1930: The Evolution of Tactical Maxims.
	www.history.navy.mil /biblio/biblio1/bibli1an.htm (995 words)

	Naval Tactics; Only the Basics to Consider
		As the efforts of Colonial privateers grew, they actually were able to launch multiple vessel operations, where naval tactics became important.
		In a Royal Naval vessel, the process would be to send an officer to take possession with a skeleton crew to sail her to a prize port, and her own crew to your hold.
		In a pirate vessel, you of course have the option of just seizing the goods and releasing the vessel, or burning the vessel and setting the crew who did not want to sign on onto an island or the nearest port.
	hometown.aol.com /tleighu/Tactics.html (1686 words)

	Naval game tips hints submarine tactics and tips
		The very nature of submarine warfare presents the player with unmatched opportunities to develop battle tactics and strategies.
		General information, gameplay tactics, and little-known aspects of the game are presented.
		Included are the most comprehensive catalog of program tips and troubleshooting remedies on the web.
	www.subsim.com /tips/tips.php (131 words)

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