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Topic: Nazca Lines

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	Nazca Lines and Culture - Crystalinks
		The Nazca Lines are located in the Nazca Desert, a high arid plateau that stretches between the towns of Nazca and Palpa on the pampa (a large flat area of southern Peru).
		The Nazca plain is virtually unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, due to the combination of the climate (one of the driest on Earth, with only twenty minutes of rainfall per year) and the flat, stony ground which minimises the effect of the wind at ground level.
		Nazca Lines and Archaeocryptography The ancient sites around the world are very precisely positioned on a global coordinate system in relation to the position of the Great Pyramid at Giza.
	www.crystalinks.com /nasca.html (3550 words)

	Nazca Lines
		The Nazca Lines are gigantic geoglyphs located in the Nazca Desert, a high arid plateau that stretches 53 miles between the towns of Nazca and Palpa on the Pampas de Jumana in Peru.
		The Nazca lines cannot be recognized as coherent figures except from the air.
		The lines persist due to the extremely dry, windless, and constant climate of the Nazca region.
	www.virtualperu.net /peru_arch_nazca_lines.html (434 words)

	Nazca Lines (Nasca Lines). Maria Reiche. Geoglyphs, Southern Peru, Land of the Incas.
		The Nazca Lines were made by removing the layer of iron-oxide coated pebbles that covered the desert surface.
		One is a wide line with a stem which, almost a mile long, leads into the maze of lines at the edge of the pampa.
		NAZCA, Peru — High priests at an ancient religious compound in southern Peru may have designed the mysterious Nazca lines, a set of huge geometric patterns, animal figures and long lines etched in the desert, the area's top archaeologist said.
	agutie.homestead.com /files/Nazca_Lines.htm (2136 words)

	Nazca: Airport of the Gods?
		Nazca is approximately 400 kilometres south of the Peruvian capital of Lima.
		Unfortunately, a subsequent scientific analysis of her theory proved it incorrect; though some lines were indeed marking astronomical features, this correspondence was nothing out of the normal odds: there are a large number of stars and a large number of lines, and hence some should be aligned to some stars – by accident.
		Devereux is very familiar with the concept of those lines and argues that after many years of research in trying to prove they were “energy lines”, he realised their true meaning, particularly when he was confronted with a series of evidence from Western Europe that showed that the concept of straight roads survived in folklore.
	www.philipcoppens.com /nazca.html (1895 words)

	The UnMuseum - The Lines of Nazca
		In and around the lines there are also trapezoidal zones, strange symbols, and pictures of birds and beasts all etched on a giant scale that can only be appreciated from the sky.
		As tempting as it might be to subscribe to this theory, the desert floor at Nasca is soft earth and loose stone, not tarmac, and would not support the landing wheels of either an aircraft or a flying saucer.
		The Nasca lines were created by clearing the darkened pampa stones to either side and exposing the lighter sand underneath.
	unmuseum.mus.pa.us /nazca.htm (910 words)

	The Mysterious Nazca Lines
		A computerized analysis of line orientation conducted by Hawkins, although it failed to demonstrate that a majority of the lines have astronomical significance, showed that twice as many of them were oriented with respect to annual solar and lunar extremes than would be expected on the basis of chance.
		Isbell himself suggests that the Nazcas used a grid system adapted from their weaving experience, a loom "establishing a natural grid within which a figure is placed." All that would be necessary, he observes, would be to simply enlarge the grid to produce the large drawings.
		That he was familiar with the Nazca ground drawings was unfortunate for our experiment (and rain prevented another); but the salient point is that he was able to identify the figure as a bird rather than a spider, fish, monkey, or some other figure.
	www.onagocag.com /nazca.html (3179 words)

	Nazca Lines (Morgana's Observatory)
		Occasional travelers through Nazca had doubtless noticed the strange and obviously artificial lines in the desert floor, but the lines were unimpressive and meaningless at ground level.
		The so-called Nazca lines, of which there are thousands, consist, according to investigator William H. Isbell, of five kinds of markings: long straight lines; large geometric figures; drawings of plants and animals; rock piles; and figures decorating hillsides.
		The lines may be as narrow as six inches or as wide as several hundred yards.
	www.dreamscape.com /morgana/rosalind.htm (874 words)

	Nasca Lines
		The patterns are of three types: biomorphs (drawings of animals, trees, etc), the geometric shapes (triangles, rectangles, trapeziums) and the straight lines.
		The straight lines are quite narrow but they are usually many miles long and perfectly straight with the longest being about 9 miles (15km).
		It was an American scientist, Paul Kosok who discovered these lines in 1939 when he flew over this area in a small airplane, although in late 1920s, some passengers of commercial aircraft reported seeing aircraft runway on the desert.
	www.princeton.edu /~qxia/Pictures/SouthAmerica/Peru/Nasca/nasca.html (250 words)

	Nazca Lines - tips by travel authority Howard Hillman
		Some lines are so long that they stretch beyond the horizon.
		For example, some experts argue that they were used as an astronomical calendar for the benefit of farmers planting and harvesting their crops.
		Geoglyphs exist in other parts of the world, but the Nazca Lines are easily the most striking and enigmatic.
	www.hillmanwonders.com /z_silver/nazca_lines.htm (315 words)

	Nazca lines
		They were made by the Nazca people, who flourished between 200 BCE and 600 CE along rivers and streams that flow from the Andes.
		If Nazca was an alien airfield, it must have been a very confusing airfield, consisting as it does of giant lizards, spiders, monkeys, llamas, dogs, hummingbirds, etc., not to mention the zigzagging and crisscrossing lines and geometric designs.
		The Nazca lines became of interest to anthropologists after they were seen from the air in the 1930s.
	www.skepdic.com /nazca.html (1126 words)

	World Mysteries - Mystic Places - Nazca Lines
		Nazca Lines are the most outstanding group of geoglyphs in the world.
		Many of the lines appear to be random and seem to have no pattern to them.
		To comprehend the Nasca lines, created by the removal of desert rock to reveal the pale pink sand beneath, visitors have proposed every imaginable explanation - from runways for spaceships to tracks for Olympic athletes, from op art to pop art, to astronomical observatories.
	www.world-mysteries.com /mpl_1.htm (591 words)

	The Nazca Lines - Nazca, Peru Tourist Trap - Find top rated Tourist Trap in Nazca, Peru
		The Nazca culture did live in the region for several centuries (roughly from the first to the ninth century A.D.), but there is no concrete way to date the lines.
		Others believe that the lines were made as walking or running paths: priests or participants would follow the trails during elaborate ceremonies meant to please the Gods.
		If you plan to view the Nazca Lines from the air, beware that the chartered planes fly in a zig-zag in order to obtain the best possible views; as a result, they can be airsick-inducing, so take the proper precautions.
	www.livetravelguides.com /south-america/peru/the-peruvian-pacific-coast/the-nazca-lines (846 words)

	Nazca Lines
		The Nazca Lines, which were scratched on the surface of the ground between 500 B.C. and A.D. 500, are among archaeology's greatest enigmas because of their quantity, nature, size and continuity.
		The Nazca Lines are traced on San José and Socos desert plains, between the 419 and 465 km.
		These lines form drawings of several kilometers in length and approximately 0.4 and 1.1 km in width, with animal, geometric and trapezoidal forms; some of which can only be seen in all their magnitude from an airplane.
	www.go2peru.com /nazca_lines.htm (419 words)

	Nazca lines - SkepticWiki (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Nazca lines are geometric and pictorial diagrams that appear in the Nazca Plateau in Peru.
		Lines and paths: Some of the Nazca lines are literally lines, straight lines and curved pathways going from one place to another in the desert.
		Lines and paths: Following these to their end (or, their beginning) brings you to a well where water can be obtained.
	www.skepticwiki.org /wiki/index.php/Nazca_lines (769 words)

	Nazca Lines (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Nazca is a city, 141 kilometers south of Ica, a place to see a great archaeological mystery, Geolyphs known as the Nazca Lines.
		The Nazca Lines are drawn on the rock -- strewn Pampa de San Jose, from straight lines 5-8 kilometers long, to geometric and animal shapes, stirring the minds of scientists for years.
		Others say that the lines were caused by the ritual, physical flow of water from the mountains to the Nazca Plain.
	library.thinkquest.org /20176/nazca.htm (206 words)

	Nazca travel guide - Wikitravel
		It is believed that the Nazca people chose the lower section of the Nazca Valley to build Cahuachi, due to the abundance of water coming from underground, sort of natural springs that allowed them to irrigate their fields and produce essential crops for life.
		The Nazca people believed strongly in a life after death, this belief drew them to mummified their corpses and wrap them with finest textiles, which after 2000 years still today show, quality and colours, as if they were woven yesterday.
		The Nazca culture considered their textiles to be an important element within the society, and on especial burials, the corpse had to be wrapping with these beautiful pieces of art with the aim of accompany the dead in the after life.
	wikitravel.org /en/Nazca (3212 words)

	CNN.com - Reading between Peru's Nazca Lines - Feb. 12, 2004
		Standing inside the maze of mysterious lines and figures that put this arid region on the tourist map, state archaeologist Alberto Urbano surveys a football field-sized spread of ankle-deep trash.
		Located 250 miles south of Lima, the lines have puzzled scientists, drawn mystics and even inspired an eccentric German mathematician to devote the last five decades of her life to studying and protecting them.
		The lines are virtually frozen in time by the nearly static climate of one of the world's driest deserts.
	www.cnn.com /2004/TRAVEL/DESTINATIONS/02/12/apn.nazca.lines.ap/index.html (884 words)

	Rumbos Online: The Water Lines of Nazca
		Water in the Nazca drainage was previously thought to flow exclusively east-west, but my studies revealed that not only the Aja but also other aqueduct systems were receiving water from north- or south-flowing aquifers.
		All of them enter the river valleys at points where there is a fault or some other change in the geological formation, and at each point there stands an ancient aqueduct, constructed by a vanished culture which had learned how to identify subterranean water sources and redirect some of their water to arid regions.
		Studies of the four valleys within the Nazca drainage all led to the same conclusion: the Lines of Nazca consistently chart the source and course of aquifers.
	www.rumbosonline.com /articles/11-50-nazca.htm (1233 words)

	Nazca
		The distance from the Nazca lines to Giza is 7692 miles.
		The distance from the axis point in southeastern Alaska to Giza and to Nazca is 6218 miles, forming an isosceles terrestrial triangle with a baselength of 7692 miles and sidelengths of 6218 miles.
		Alternatively, the two great circle segments from the axis point to Nazca and from the axis point to Giza are each 25% of the circumference of the earth while the great circle segment from Nazca to Giza is 30.9% of the circumference of the earth.
	home.hiwaay.net /~jalison/nazca.html (638 words)

	Siriusly ~ Ancient Civilizations (Nazca)
		The mysterious Nazca Lines, viewable only from high in the air, were drawn into the valley floor, perhaps many millennia ago, by people who had at least learned how to fly, if not voyage into orbit or even outer space.
		She devoted almost her entire life to the investigation and analysis of the Nazca Lines (living there almost continuously from before World War II until her death just a few years ago), and was instrumental in the early research.
		Nazca is also isolated enough to provide discrete airport facilities to anyone who wanted to avoid contact with primitive tribal cultures.
	www.fortunecity.com /roswell/barada/267/Siriusly/ancient-nazca.html (2858 words)

	Nazca Lines Photo Gallery by Kathy Doore, Labyrinthina.com!
		The enigma of the Nazca lines has been called one of the most baffling in all archaeology, shrouded in myth and mystery.
		Explore the mystery as we reveal the ancient magic of the Nazca lines and the enigmatic "Stones of Ica", an ancient carved stone record of a vanished civilization!
		The Lines themselves may have been built for that purpose, intended for rituals, to insure crop fertility, predict the seasons, and align with the stars.
	www.labyrinthina.com /nazca.htm (462 words)

	Postcard from Peru - The Nazca Lines (Site not responding. Last check: )
		She spent almost 60 years mapping out the lines and drawings and developed Kosok’s theory that the lines were a giant astronomical calendar by attempting to pair up each line with a celestial body on a significant date.
		Since the lines were first discovered in the 1920s many people have studied the lines and offered various theories about their origin and purpose but none of them put these mysterious lines on the map the way that Däniken did in the 1970s with his best-selling book, Chariots of the Gods?”;.
		To make their lines and drawings, the Nazcans simply cleared away the darker top layer to reveal the lighter sediment leaving the cleared stones along the edges of the lines which helped to increase their contrast.
	www.traveladdicts.connectfree.co.uk /Peru/Nazca_lines.htm (3613 words)

	Nazca
		Since these lines are on a flat surface and its climate is extremely dry, nearly all geoglyphs remain completely intact.
		The straight lines, as sacred paths, from Nazca to Andean highlands are still used to bring water.
		Even though the Nazca River was located near this cultural area, river water was not enough to support their agricultural needs.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/prehistory/latinamerica/south/cultures/nazca.html (591 words)

	Morien Institute - Mystery on the Desert - a tribute to the work of Maria Reiche on the Nazca plain
		Probably the best known examples of geoglyphs are the magnificent lines and drawings carved into the desert on the Nazca Plain in Peru - only able to be seen in their fullness from the air.
		The remarkable degree of precision with which the Nazcans surveyed and constructed the drawings, lines and trapezoid figures is astounding.
		The lines and trapezoidal shapes shown here radiate from the border of the Ingenio Valley, which has been intensely cultivated over millennia by the peoples of the region.
	www.morien-institute.org /mariareiche.html (1351 words)

	Nazca Lines, Peru - Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger, Sheboygan, Wisconsin
		Stretching across the Nazca plains - like a giant map or blueprint left by ancient astronauts, lie the famous Nazca Lines of Peru.
		They were supposedly built by an ancient civilization called the Nazca.
		She contended that the lines should show in direction of the rising of important stars and planetary events like sun solstices.
	www.galenfrysinger.com /nazca_lines.htm (720 words)

	The Nazca Lines: Interesting Thing of the Day
		The Nazca Lines are a series of negative geoglyphs—patterns drawn on the ground by adding (positive) or removing (negative) stones or soil.
		Although the astronomical calendar theory has raised doubts—including the observation that the multitude of lines and their varying orientations could be found to correspond with almost any trajectory and the fact that astronomical alignments have changed with time—Reiche made a huge contribution to the study of the lines.
		Although there is no record of how the lines might have served in religious ritual, some now believe that ancient pilgrims might have walked along the lines as a show of devotion to a particular sacred entity, much as labyrinths were used in medieval cathedrals in Europe, and to a certain extent today.
	itotd.com /articles/577/the-nazca-lines (2036 words)

	Explaining The Nazca Lines
		In his early research on the Nazca lines, Aveni noted their strong similarity to the ceque system of 41 imaginary lines radiating outwards from the Inca's Temple of the Sun, at Cuzco -- the "navel" of the Inca universe.
		Aveni also noticed that the Nazca lines and geometrical figures were closely related to watercourses.
		The lines and line centers give evidence of a great deal of order, and the well-entrenched concept of radiality offers affinities between the ceque system of Cuzco and the lines on the pampa.
	www.science-frontiers.com /sf047/sf047p01.htm (415 words)

	Photos Peru, Lima, Nazca Lines, Chauchillas Photos, Pictures Mon-Photo
		The Nazca Lines are geoglyphs (drawings on the ground) located in the Nazca Desert, a high arid plateau that stretches 37 miles between the towns of Nazca and Palpa on the pampa (a large flat area of southern Peru).
		The Lines were first spotted when commercial airlines began flying across the Peruvian desert in the 1920s.
		The Lines were made by removing the iron-oxide coated pebbles which cover the surface of the desert.
	www.mon-photo.com /South_America/Peru/en.html (561 words)

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