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Topic: Near Earth Asteroid Tracking

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	Near Earth Asteroid Tracking - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Near Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) is a program run by NASA and Jet Propulsion Laboratory to discover near-Earth objects.
		NEAT has a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Air Force to use a GEODSS telescope located on Haleakala, Maui, Hawaii.
		In addition to discovering thousands of asteroids, NEAT is also credited with the co-discovery (recovery) of periodic comet 54P/de Vico-Swift-NEAT and of the high proper motion Teegarden's star.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Near_Earth_Asteroid_Tracking (253 words)

	Near-Earth asteroid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) are asteroids whose orbit intersects Earth's orbit and which may therefore pose a collision danger, as well as being most easily accessible for spacecraft from Earth.
		The threat of an Earth impact was emphasized by the collision of the comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter on July 16, 1994, resulting in explosive impacts that would have been catastrophic on Earth.
		Asteroid (29075) 1950 DA was lost after its discovery in 1950 since not enough observations were made to allow plotting its orbit, and then rediscovered on December 31, 2000.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Near-Earth_asteroid (1657 words)

	NEAR-EARTH ASTEROID TRACKING
		NEAT observations at Palomar are scheduled to occur in the pre-new Moon periods.
		Amor asteroids approach the Earth's orbit from the outside, Apollo asteroids cross the Earth's orbit, and Aten asteroids approach the Earth's orbit from the inside.
		Potentially Hazardous asteroids (PHAs) are larger than ~0.2 km (0.1 mile) and approach close enough to present a potential hazard but not a current hazard.
	neat.jpl.nasa.gov (196 words)

	1) What are comets and asteroids ?
		Comets and asteroids are small planets, ranging in size from baseball-sized meteors to 1/3 the size of the moon.
		The Earth, and all the other planets in the solar system, have been continuously pelted by asteroids and comets ever since their formation.
		If the impact took place near a major city, or if it occurred in the ocean near a major city and caused a tidal wave, it could be very deadly.
	neat.jpl.nasa.gov /neofaq.html (1708 words)

	Savage Planet: Deadly Skies - Tracking Near-Earth Objects
		The thought that large comets and asteroids are a danger to the Earth was not widely accepted when Eugene Shoemaker first proposed the idea in 1960.
		Asteroids, and their smaller relatives, meteorites, are essentially rocks left behind from the formation of planets.
		A smaller subgroup, called Potentially Hazardous Asteroids, includes 249 objects that are one-tenth of one mile or larger, and pass within five million miles of the Earth.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/savageplanet/03deadlyskies/03tracking/indexmid.html (1028 words)

	Asteroids
		Asteroids are classified into a number of types according to their spectra (and hence their chemical composition) and albedo:
		Between the main concentrations of asteroids in the Main Belt are relatively empty regions known as the Kirkwood gaps.
		It is a particularly interesting asteroid in that it seems to have been differentiated into layers like the terrestrial planets.
	www.seds.org /nineplanets/nineplanets/asteroids.html (1354 words)

	Planetary Society: Headline for 8/4/00 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This asteroid is providing astronomers with a chance to study a space rock from fairly close range, and astronomers are jumping at the chance.
		Tracking information for the asteroid is available from the Minor Planet Electronic Circular.
		With several massive asteroid impacts in our past and discoveries of current asteroids whizzing by us, it is best to learn as much as possible from these chance close encounters.
	www.planetary.org /html/news/articlearchive/headlines/2000/qw7.html (513 words)

	Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR)
		Launched on February 17, 1996, the Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) mission is to be the first of NASA's Discovery missions, a series of small-scale spacecraft designed to proceed from development to flight in under three years for a cost of less than $150 million.
		A radio science experiment will also be performed using the NEAR tracking system to estimate the gravity field of the asteroid.
		The ultimate goal of the mission is to rendezvous with and achieve orbit around the near Earth asteroid 433 Eros in February, 1999, and study the asteroid for approximately one year.
	www.solarviews.com /eng/near.htm (261 words)

	Near Earth Asteroid - Near Earth Object
		Most Near Earth Asteroids are believed to be main belt asteroids that were knocked out of the belt by collisions with other asteroids and/or by the gravitational forces of Jupiter.
		The orbits of near Earth asteroids are thought to be influenced by gravitational interactions with the Sun or terrestrial planets or by collisions with other bodies.
		Some asteroids are believed to be “burnt-out” comets that have lost all their frozen gases.
	www.aerospaceguide.net /nearearthasteroids.html (485 words)

	SkyScopes Asteroid and Asteroids Information
		The Earth's mean orbital distance from the sun is defined as an astronomical unit (1 AU) or approximately 93 million miles.
		NEAR Earth Asteroid Rendezvous NEAR is conducting the first long-term, close-up study of an asteroid.
		It is intended to serve as a communication tool for astronomers and the public to assess the seriousness of predictions of close encounters by asteroids and comets during the 21st century.
	www.skyscopes.com /scope/asteroids.html (401 words)

	Introduction to SBN: Asteroid Studies
		Most Main Belt asteroids are located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter (1.8 to 4.0 AU) in a region known as the asteroid belt.
		The Trojan asteroids are two groups of asteroids located along the orbital path of Jupiter, 60 degrees ahead and behind the planet.
		Asteroids are classified into types according to their albedo and colors or spectra, with the most common types being C, S, and M. C-type asteroids are very dark, with a low albedo of 0.03-0.06, and their spectra are flat, making their color grayish.
	icarus.astro.umd.edu /outreach/astudies.html (809 words)

	Astronomers enjoy a close-up view of near-Earth asteroids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Asteroid and comet collisions have become a popular topic thanks to the recent movies "Armageddon" and "Deep Impact", and the premature announcement earlier this year that asteroid 1997XF11 was on a collision course with Earth in 2028.
		When an asteroid or comet passes near the Earth, it's an opportunity for astronomers to make close-up observations to find out what these objects are really like.
		The possibility of mining asteroids for their natural resources has been suggested for two reasons: (1) extracted minerals might be returned to Earth or (2) in situ materials could be used to build space stations or used as fuel for exploration.
	science.nasa.gov /newhome/headlines/ast07aug98_1.htm (1310 words)

	New Scientist Breaking News - Astronomers tracking new near-Earth asteroid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The asteroid's position within its orbit at that time is uncertain by several tens of millions of kilometres, says Donald Yeomans of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
		The asteroid escaped earlier detection because its orbit is tilted 42 degrees from the Earth's.
		Tracking the orbit back in time would also allow astronomers to spot the asteroid on old images, further refining its orbit.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn2591 (401 words)

	[59.01] Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking at Palomar and Maui (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		NEAT is comprised of two autonomous observing systems, one at the Maui Space Surveillance Site, NEAT/MSSS, and the other at Palomar Observatory, NEAT/Palomar.
		The primary goal of NEAT is to make significant contributions to the NASA goal of discovering at least 90% of the NEAs larger than 1 km by 2008.
		In addition to NEAs, NEAT has discovered 13 comets in 2001, several of whose motions masqueraded as main-belt asteroids in observations of a single night.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v33n3/dps2001/223.htm (253 words)

	A Close Encounter with a Space Rock (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The asteroid is not now a threat to Earth, but astronomers plan to continue monitoring the fast-moving space rock to learn more about future encounters.
		D is the size of the asteroid estimated from its absolute magnitude.
		But the asteroid is attracting attention because it is bright and relatively near to Earth.
	spacescience.com /headlines/y2000/ast01sep_1.htm (1420 words)

	JPL.NASA.GOV: News Releases
		While 2003 NL7 has been labeled a near-Earth asteroid, it is considered non-hazardous, with a 2.97-year orbit of the Sun in which its closest approach to Earth's orbit is about 25.1 million kilometers (15.6 million miles).
		It is designed for use in detecting and characterizing quasars, near-Earth asteroids, trans-Neptunian objects, supernovas, and a large variety of other astrophysical phenomena, by scientists from Yale, JPL and the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
		The Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking System is managed by JPL for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. JPL is a division of Caltech.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /news/news.cfm?release=2003/-099 (394 words)

	CNN - Scientists reduce odds of Earth-asteroid collision - July 28, 1999
		Scientists with the Near Earth Asteroid Tracking project at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory made the new estimates for the number of sizable asteroids with orbits that approach Earth.
		The asteroid that could hit in the next 100 years is a class eight, he said.
		JPL asteroid tracker Paul Chodas said it was entirely possible that a killer asteroid could emerge with far less advance warning.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/space/9907/28/asteroid.newser (618 words)

	A Good Month for Asteroids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Asteroid hunters have enjoyed a close-up look at two new potentially hazardous space rocks as they passed close to the Earth in September.
		Vr is the relative velocity between the Earth and the asteroid at the time of the flyby.
		The first asteroid discovered was "2000 QA"; the second was "2000 QB;" The second letter cycles through the alphabet until it reaches "Z" and then it goes back to the beginning with an extra number.
	spacescience.com /headlines/y2000/ast20sep_1.htm (1920 words)

	Near-Earth Asteroid Is Two Chunks In One (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Cosmic Near Misses Hit The Scientific Bullseye (August 17, 1998) -- NASA announced the discovery of two new Near Earth Asteroids on Aug. 6, 1998.
		Asteroid Found By Spacewatch Is Fastest Spinning Solar System Object (July 23, 1999) -- A unique near-Earth asteroid discovered last year by the University of Arizona Spacewatch is the fastest spinning solar system object yet found, an international team of scientists report in the July...
		For single asteroids, that kind of information can only be obtained by sending a spacecraft close to the body, and so most asteroids' densities, compositions and meteorite associations are not well known.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2001/05/010531081601.htm (905 words)

	SPACE.com -- Bigger Telescopes Seek Killer Asteroids
		An Earth-bound asteroid or comet could still kill us but thanks to powerful telescopes slated for addition to the worldwide detection effort, we may be able to actually see it coming.
		The odds of a collision with the Earth might be reduced but the same amount of sky still needs to be searched each month -- there will simply be fewer large asteroids to find because they will be spread more thinly across the sky.
		A typical 1-kilometer asteroid would have a magnitude of 18 when observed about 100 million miles (160.9 million kilometers) from Earth, in the opposite direction to the sun.
	www.space.com /news/japan_spacewatch_000426.html (1631 words)

	Asteroids, asteroid free, giant asteroid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Asteroids are rocky and metallic objects that orbit the Sun but are too small to be...
		Data concerning asteroids and comets, in a standard format for use primarily by astronomical observers and mission planners, as well as educators and...
		The asteroids in the asteroid belt have a slightly elliptical orbit.
	watchcomputer.com /asteroids.html (1092 words)

	Asteroid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Since the asteroid is near opposition to the Sun, it is in retrograde, and appears to move from left to right (east to west) against the background stars.
		Asteroid 17851 Kaler (also known as 1998 JK) was discovered on May 1, 1998 by NASA's Near Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) project.
		Averaging 2.40 Astronomical Units from the Sun (the AU the average distance between Earth and Sun, 149.6 million km), Asteroid Kaler is on the inner portion of the main asteroid belt and takes 3.72 years to orbit.
	www.astro.uiuc.edu /~kaler/arc/1998jk.html (219 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| Space rock hurtles past Earth
		Moving closer to the Sun, the asteroid is passing by at less than three times the Moon's distance from us - just 830,000 kilometres (510,000 miles) away on 7 January, which is close in cosmic terms.
		As it approached the Earth, it was observed by the Klet Observatory in the Czech Republic by astronomers Jana Ticha and Milos Tichy, who tracked it on 5 January.
		If it struck the Earth a 300-metre object would not be a global killer: to wipe all life off the face of our planet an object would have to be about 1 km in size.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_1746000/1746330.stm (558 words)

	Near-Earth Object Found (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Astronomers in pursuit of near-Earth asteroids have already made a discovery with the newly installed Quasar Equatorial Survey, or 'Quest,' camera mounted in mid-April on Palomar Mountain's 1.2-meter (48-inch) Oschin telescope.
		While 2003 NL7 has been labeled a near- Earth asteroid, it is considered non-hazardous, with a 2.97-year orbit of the Sun in which its closest approach to Earth's orbit is about 25.1 million kilometers (15.6 million miles).
		It is designed for use in detecting and characterizing quasars, near- Earth asteroids, trans-Neptunian objects, supernovas, and a large variety of other astrophysical phenomena, by scientists from Yale, JPL and the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
	www.tulsatoday.com /desks/article.php?key=23995 (417 words)

	NASA - Asteroids Dedicated To Space Shuttle Columbia Crew
		The final crew of the Space Shuttle Columbia was memorialized in the cosmos as seven asteroids orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter were named in their honor today.
		The seven asteroids were discovered at the Palomar Observatory near San Diego on the nights of July 19-21, 2001, by former JPL astronomer Eleanor F. Helin.
		Asteroids are rocky fragments left over from the formation of the solar system about 4.6 billion years ago.
	www.nasa.gov /home/hqnews/2003/aug/HQ_03259_astroids_dedicated.html (556 words)

	No Title (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The NEAT system is detecting NEAs larger than 200m, comets, and other unique objects at a rate competitive with current operating systems, and bright enough for important physical studies on moderate-sized telescopes.
		NEAT has detected over 10,000 asteroids over a wide range of magnitudes, demonstrating the excellent capability of the NEAT system.
		Also, 2 long period comets and 1996 PW, an asteroidal object with an orbit of a long-period comet, with an eccentricity of 0.992 and orbital period of 5900 years.
	www.lpi.usra.edu /meetings/dps97/html/H0310/H0310.html (259 words)

	Impact Researchers and Near-Earth Object Hunters
		He is primarily interested in asteroids: their formation, their evolution, their composition, and their structure.
		He is involved in the Spacewatch Survery for Near Earth Asteroids and Comets as well as a spectroscopic radial-velocity search for extrasolar planets.
		His research interests include the causes of mass extinctions, the effects of large-body impacts on the Earth, periodicities and correlation of major geological events, the "Galactic Carousel" theory of comet showers, and the relationship of volcanoes to climate.
	www.pibburns.com /catastro/impfolks.htm (1071 words)

	Near-Earth asteroid traffic heavy during January - Nanodot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		According to an article from the Reuters news service ("Two Hefty Asteroids Pass Close to Earth", by Deborah Zabarenko, 16 January 2002), two hefty asteroids passed close to Earth on 16 January 2002, with at least five more set to swing near by January's end.
		NASA's Near Earth Asteroid Tracking project watches for asteroids.6 miles or more across that have the potential to wreak havoc on Earth if they hit.
		Many scientists believe that an asteroid perhaps 3 miles across wiped out the dinosaurs and many other species when it crashed to Earth at the end of the Cretaceous era 65 million years ago.
	nanodot.org /article.pl?sid=02/01/17/1637228&mode=thread&threshold= (353 words)

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