Near earth object - Factbites

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Topic: Near earth object

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	Near-Earth object - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Near-Earth objects (NEO) are asteroids, comets and large meteoroids whose orbit intersects Earth's orbit and which may therefore pose a collision danger.
		Currently, the only known NEO with a Palermo scale value greater than zero is (29075) 1950 DA, which is predicted to pass very close to or collide with the Earth (p≤0.003) in the year 2880.
		At 27 December 2004 there was a 2.7% chance of Earth impact on the 13 April 2029.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Near-Earth_object (691 words)

	Near Earth Object's
		The earth’s orbit around the Sun is in the region of the Solar System with a large number of objects whose orbits pass very near the Earth and can impact with the Earth causing great consequences connected with life on earth.
		By observing NEO’s discovered so far and the Moon's craters it was calculated that the population of NEO’s around the Earth could be shown by exponential growth of the number of objects moving towards smaller and smaller objects.
		The first step in any program dealing with the prevention of catastrophic impacts of NEO objects on the Earth should be a detailed search for NEO’s and the analysis of their orbits.
	www.astro.hr /vsa98/html/near_earth_object_s.html (282 words)

	Near-Earth Asteroids: Lucy-Ann McFadden
		Near-Earth asteroids reside in the vicinity of Earth near 1.0 AU (the mean distance between Earth and the Sun).
		Plans are for a year of data collection in 1999 to study its geology, chemistry, and internal and magnetic structure, providing the first in situ remote-sensing measurements of a near-Earth asteroid.
		The Ondrejov NEO Photometric Program is dedicated to the photometry and astrnometry of NEOs, primarily for rotation and shape studies and the discovery of new objects.
	www.apnet.com /refer/solar/Contents/chap27.htm (439 words)

	New Scientist Breaking News - Asteroid buzzes Earth from "blind spot"
		If a previously unknown object passed through this zone on a collision course with Earth, it would not be identified until it was too late for any intervention.
		The object, now called 2002 EM7, was hard to spot because it was moving outward from the innermost point of its orbit, 87 million km from the Sun.
		But it is probably between 50 to 100 metres across, making it larger than the object that exploded in 1908 over the Tunguska region of Siberia, flattening trees over 2000 square kilometres.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn2052 (428 words)

	Near Earth Object Map
		There are over 300 known objects on Earth-crossing orbits, the majority of which are potentially capable of causing death and destruction on a scale unheard of in human history.
		The terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars) are shown on the diagram by Cyan or White squares, and their orbits are represented by the blue ellipses around the Sun (the yellow dot at the centre).
		However, their orbits are close enough to the Earth that they could potentially be perturbed by the influence of the planets and begin to cross the Earth's orbit in a short time.
	szyzyg.arm.ac.uk /~spm/neo_map.html (568 words)

	Lincoln near earth asteroid research - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Look for Lincoln near earth asteroid research in the Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video.
		Check for Lincoln near earth asteroid research in the deletion log, or visit its deletion vote page if it exists.
		Start the Lincoln near earth asteroid research article or add a request for it.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/lincoln_near_earth_asteroid_research (177 words)

	NEAR-EARTH OBJECT TRACKING
		Objects that were determined, after careful observation, to not be potentially hazardous to the Earth fall into the following orbit classes: Aten asteroids (6), Apollos (26), Amors (39), Mars-crossers and Mars-grazers (3), comets (9) and objects residing in comet-like orbits (4).
		An asteroidal object was reported to the MPC by LINEAR in January that yielded Centaur-like orbital elements.
		Object motion compensation on the Plaskett system is done using an IRAF routine (DSS_DAO) that first aligns a series of images (at the sub-pixel level) and then shifts each image according to a user supplied rate of motion and position angle.
	www.casca.ca /ecass/issues/winter2000/features/neo/neo.htm (5068 words)

	House Committee on Science
		There are hundreds of thousands of objects the size of the Tunguska NEO that come near the earth.
		Interest in the threat caused by natural objects ("Near-Earth Objects" or NEOs) impacting the earth or its atmosphere is growing.
		If such an object were more permanently in earth orbit, it could be more closely studied and might form the basis for long-term commercial exploitation of space.
	www.house.gov /science/hearings/space02/oct03/worden.htm (3002 words)

	1) What are comets and asteroids ?
		Its goal is to help protect Earth's environment from the impacts of asteroids and comets by promoting and coordinating discovery programs and physical studies of Near-Earth objects (NEOs).
		If the impact took place near a major city, or if it occurred in the ocean near a major city and caused a tidal wave, it could be very deadly.
		The Earth, and all the other planets in the solar system, have been continuously pelted by asteroids and comets ever since their formation.
	neat.jpl.nasa.gov /neofaq.html (1708 words)

	Near Earth Asteroid - Near Earth Object
		NEOs generally result from objects that have experienced gravitational perturbations from nearby planets, moving them into orbits that allow them to come near to the Earth.
		Most Near Earth Asteroids are believed to be main belt asteroids that were knocked out of the belt by collisions with other asteroids and/or by the gravitational forces of Jupiter.
		The orbits of near Earth asteroids are thought to be influenced by gravitational interactions with the Sun or terrestrial planets or by collisions with other bodies.
	www.aerospaceguide.net /nearearthasteroids.html (485 words)

	NEO Information Centre Welcome
		The NEO Information Centre is part of the UK Government's response to the Report of the Task Force on Potentially Hazardous Near Earth Objects and provides services to the public, educators, media and scientists to encourage understanding and advancement of NEO science.
		The impact of these Near Earth Objects with our planet can be catastrophic and still represents a natural hazard today.
		We provide materials for educators, information and contact services for the media, and support for NEO scientists in communicating and conducting their work.
	www.nearearthobjects.co.uk /simple_template.cfm?code=home_intro (236 words)

	NEAR-EARTH ASTEROID TRACKING
		At both sites the NEAT cameras use 1.2-m (48") telescopes to find Near-Earth objects (NEOs), both Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) and comets.
		Amor asteroids approach the Earth's orbit from the outside, Apollo asteroids cross the Earth's orbit, and Aten asteroids approach the Earth's orbit from the inside.
		We also discovered a 700-km diameter Trans-Neptunian Object (TNO).
	neat.jpl.nasa.gov (196 words)

	Mystery Object Orbits Earth
		Objects closer to Earth than the L1 point are controlled by Earth's gravity.
		The object is as bright as a 30m-wide space rock and it's moving about as fast as an asteroid should move.
		Objects beyond the L1 point are controlled by the Sun.
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2002/20sep_mysteryobject.htm (1440 words)

	ScienceDaily: Planetary Society Grant Recipient Tracks Intriguing Near Earth Object
		Gene Shoemaker Near Earth Object Grants Named for one of the pioneers in the field, the Gene Shoemaker Near Earth Object grant program was designed to fund astronomers engaged in the search for nearearth objects, the sort of objects that could impact the Earth in the future with devastating results.
		NEAR Shoemaker Makes Historic Touchdown On Asteroid Eros (February 13, 2001) -- After a 5-year, 2-billion-mile journey -- the last year spent in a close-orbit study of asteroid 433 Eros-- the NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft has touched down the surface of the asteroid, the first time...
		NEAR Shoemaker Gets New Lease On Life At Home On Asteroid (February 16, 2001) -- NASA's NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft, the first spacecraft to touch down and operate on the surface of an asteroid, will not be immediately shut down after all, NASA officials announced.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/1999/06/990611075659.htm (1952 words)

	The Arcetri NEO Precovery Program
		As soon as a preliminary orbit of a new object is available, we produce fully perturbed n-body ephemerides using the Orbfit software and compare it to the catalog files of the UK, Palomar and ESO Schmidt archives, in order to identify possible candidates.
		For example, the identification of the Amor-type object (4015) = 1979 VA with Periodic Comet Wilson-Harrington on a plate from 1949, showed clear evidence that the distinction between asteroids and comets is not very straightforward.
		Another segment of the activity is the identification of precovery images of main-belt objects (MBO) discovered from several Italian observing stations: Cima Ekar (098), San Marcello Pistoiese (104), Montelupo (108), Campo Imperatore (599) and Pianoro (610).
	www.arcetri.astro.it /science/aneopp (1975 words)

	Near-Earth Object Found
		It is designed for use in detecting and characterizing quasars, near- Earth asteroids, trans-Neptunian objects, supernovas, and a large variety of other astrophysical phenomena, by scientists from Yale, JPL and the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
		The detection of the near-Earth object, 2003 NL7, occurred on the evening of July 8.
		While 2003 NL7 has been labeled a near- Earth asteroid, it is considered non-hazardous, with a 2.97-year orbit of the Sun in which its closest approach to Earth's orbit is about 25.1 million kilometers (15.6 million miles).
	www.tulsatoday.com /desks/article.php?key=23995 (417 words)

	A Close Encounter with a Space Rock
		Asteroid 2000 QW7 falls into a category of Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) called Potentially Hazardous Asteroids, or PHAs.
		For comparison, the distance between the Earth and the Moon is approximately 0.0026 AU.
		The purple bars represent the number of objects in each size bin; the pink line is the cumulative fraction.
	spacescience.com /headlines/y2000/ast01sep_1.htm (1420 words)

	Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		LONEOS is a system designed to find Earth-crossing asteroids (ECAs) and comets (ECCs), collectively known as near-Earth objects (NEOs).
		These objects can occasionally collide with Earth sometimes with devastating consequences.
		LONEOS uses a 0.6-meter f/1.8 Schmidt telescope, which was acquired from Ohio Weslayan University in 1990, and a 16 megapixel CCD detector that gives a wide field of view of 3.17 by 1.58 degrees of the sky.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lowell_Observatory_Near-Earth-Object_Search (677 words)

	Near-Earth Object Program-Brings together relevant information on all aspects of comet and asteroid studies
		Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) are generally defined as those objects whose close approaches to the sun are 1.3 AU or less.
		As a result, Near-Earth Objects are those comets and asteroids that can come within about 28 million miles of the Earth's orbit.
		Nevertheless, there is a growing scientific consensus that numerous collisions of comets and asteroids with the early Earth first frustrated the development of life and then, as the bombardment lessened, these same collisions delivered to the Earth the veneer of carbon-based materials and water that allowed life to form.
	www.scitechresources.gov /Results/show_result.php?rec=1982 (287 words)

	Gene Shoemaker Near Earth Object Grants
		Chicxulub Crater in the Yucatan was made by an object some 10 km across colliding with Earth 65 million years ago.
		NEOs have crashed into the Earth in the past with devastating results.
		The grants, totaling $35,000, will be given to four researchers from around the world with programs to search for NEOs -- asteroids and comets with orbits close enough to Earth to pose a potential hazard to our planet.
	www.xs4all.nl /~carlkop/shoegra.html (665 words)

	NASA - Near Earth Object Program
		Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) are comets and asteroids that have been nudged by the gravitational attraction of nearby planets into orbits that allow them to enter the Earth's neighborhood.
		Specifically, all asteroids with an Earth Minimum Orbit Intersection Distance (MOID) of 0.05 AU or less and an absolute magnitude (H) of 22.0 or less are considered PHAs.
		Potentially Hazardous Asteriods: NEAs whose Minimum Orbit Intersection Distance (MOID) with the Earth is 0.05 AU or less and whose absolute magnitude (H) is 22.0 or brighter.
	www.nasa.gov /lb/audience/foreducators/postsecondary/features/F_Near_Earth_Program.html (545 words)

	Giant Asteroid Could Hit Earth in 2014 Near Earth Object 2003 QQ47
		"The Near Earth Object will be observable from Earth for the next two months and astronomers will continue to track it over this period," said Dr Alan Fitzsimmons, one of the expert team advising the Centre.
		On impact, it could have the effect of 20 million Hiroshima atomic bombs, a spokesman for the British government's Near Earth Object Information Centre told BBC radio.
		Most are kept at a safe distance from the Earth in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
	www.rense.com /general54/neare.htm (269 words)

	BBC News SCI/TECH Asteroid impact centre site selected
		Near-Earth objects are asteroids or comets, believed to be remnants from the formation of the planets, whose orbits brings them close to the Earth.
		The government revealed its intention to open a near-Earth object (NEO) information centre in February 2001, as part of its response to a report by its task force on NEOs, and invited bids to run it.
		The government emphasises that the risk of a large asteroid impact in the near future is remote.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_1736000/1736080.stm (496 words)

	Near Earth Object Impacts
		NEO impacts are the only major natural hazard that we can effectively protect ourselves against, by deflecting (or destroying) the NEO before it hits the Earth.
		In the absence of active defense, warning of the time and place of an impact would at least allow us to store food and supplies and to evacuate regions near ground zero where damage would be the greatest.
		We also need a long warning time, at least a decade, to send spacecraft to intercept the object and deflect it.
	www.ux1.eiu.edu /~imsa1/sadv2000/sparks/lawrence/sld003.htm (122 words)

	NASA Releases Near-Earth Object Search Report SpaceRef - Your Space Reference
		An Earth impact by one of these relatively large objects would be expected to have global consequences and, over time scales of a few million years, they present the greatest impact hazard to Earth.
		The capture cross-section of the Earth was then used to estimate a collision rate and thus a yearly average hazard from NEO collisions as a function of their diameter.
		While impacts by these smaller objects would not be expected to cause global devastation, impacts on land and the tsunamis resulting from ocean impacts could still cause massive regional damage and still pose a significant long-term hazard.
	www.spaceref.com /news/viewsr.html?pid=10347 (2624 words)

	WGNEO
		Several members of the IAU Working Group on Near Earth Objects were involved in the activity surrounding the possible impact orbit of AL00667, and the Working Group on NEOs seeks to draw some lessons from these events.
		The observations were real, the object did exist (although it turned out to be much farther away than originally thought), and there were orbital solutions that predicted an impact with an apparent probability of at least 10%.
		Routine and largely automatic processing of these observations led to the posting (by the IAU-supported Minor Planet Center in Cambridge MA) of an orbit that intersected the Earth within the next 36 hours.
	web.mit.edu /rpb/wgneo/al00667.html (980 words)

	Armageddon Online - Asteroid Impacts & Meteor Impacts - Impact Events
		The object was in the range of size from a car to a house and should have ended its life in a Hiroshima-sized blast, but there was never any explosion, much less a crater.
		Chromium isotopic ratios are homogeneous within the earth, therefore this isotopic anomalies exclude a volcanic origin which was also proposed as a cause for the iridium enrichment.
		This view gradually gave way to the consensus that the Earth was several billion years old, and that its features reflected the slow processes of gradual change.
	www.armageddononline.net /impact_event.php (1760 words)

	Lee Clarke's Near Earth Object project
		As part of my continuing work on "extreme events" and worst cases, I've been writing on the problem of "near earth objects." In May 2002 I presented a paper in a day-long workshop at the Western Psychological Association, on the lessons that social science might bring to NEO-related issues.
	leeclarke.com /neoproject.html (126 words)

	The Planetary Society's Near Earth Objects Page
		Named for the pioneering expert on NEOs and their role in shaping the Earth, the Gene Shoemaker NEO Grant Fund is our weapon for discovering, tracking, and characterizing potentially dangerous asteroids.
		The programs that we have supported are credited for the detection of a large percentage of the recorded NEO discoveries.
		Donate to The Planetary Society to support the NEO search and other projects
	neo.planetary.org (223 words)

	LOWELL OBSERVATORY NEAR-EARTH-OBJECT SEARCH
		Model calculations indicate that, after ten years of full operation, about 60% of near-Earth asteroids and Jupiter-family comets larger than 1~km diameter could be discovered by LONEOS.
		Thus, to discriminate the larger NEOs of interest and to secure orbits accurate enough for recovery at a subsequent apparition, we will need help in follow-up work.
		Our goal is to maximize the number of NEOs discovered that exceed 500~m to 1~km diameter.
	www.lowell.edu /users/elgb/abstract_vulcano_1995.html (562 words)

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