Near-close vowel - Factbites

Near-close vowel - Factbites
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Topic: Near-close vowel

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	Cardinal vowel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For instance, the vowel of the English word "feet" can be described with reference to cardinal vowel 1, [i], which is the cardinal vowel closest to it.
		Vowel sound produced when the tongue is in an extreme position, either front or back, high or low.
		These eight vowels are known as the eight 'primary cardinal vowels', and vowels like these are common in the world's languages.
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Cardinal_vowel (410 words)

	UNIL / Linguistique - phonetic
		On the other hand, the a vowel could not be much more close than the “standard” close vowels (first degree of aperture) and still be vocalic, rather than some kind of spirant or fricative consonant, depending on the degree of muscular tension.
		This sound is produced by articulating a very close unrounded front “vowel” (a close [i]), but without vibration of the vocal cords.
		This sound is produced by articulating a very close rounded front "vowel" (a close [y]), but the articulation is extremely brief.
	www2.unil.ch /ling/english/phonetique/api45-eng.html (248 words)

	Close Front Unrounded Vowel Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography
		Its vowel height is close, which means the tongue is positioned as close as possible to the roof of the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
		Its vowel backness is front, which means the tongue is positioned as far forward as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
		Its vowel roundedness is unrounded, which means that the lips are spread.
	www.variedtastes.com /encyclopedia/Close_front_unrounded_vowel (374 words)

	sidc
		Closed phase The portion of the cycle of vibration of the vocal folds when the folds are in contact.
		Closing diphthong A diphthong where the final target quality is closer than the quality at the start of the glide.
		Rhythmic clipping, where the presence of other syllables in the same rhythmic unit (foot) causes a vowel to be reduced in duration compared to a vowel where the syllable is not accompanied by other syllables in the rhythmic unit.
	www.phon.ucl.ac.uk /home/johnm/sid/sidc.htm (2471 words)

	> Vowel abcworld.net
		Vowels are especially important to the structures of words in languages that have very few consonants (like Polynesian languages such as Maori and Hawaiian), and in languages whose inventory of vowels is larger than its inventory of consonants (like Sedang, a relative of Vietnamese, which contrasts 55 different vowel qualities).
		Furthermore, in English some vowel sounds are represented by combinations of vowel letters, such as the ea in beat or by a vowel letter and an approximant letter, as the ow in how, or the er in her.
		In tonal languages, in most cases the tone of a syllable is carried by the vowel, meaning that the relative pitch or the pitch contour that marks the tone is superimposed on the vowel.
	www.abcworld.net /Vowel.html (3170 words)

	Close-mid vowel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The defining characteristic of a close-mid vowel is that the tongue is positioned two-thirds of the way from a close vowel to a mid vowel.
		A close-mid vowel is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.
		The close-mid vowels identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet are:
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Close-mid_vowel (85 words)

	Chapter Cloddish <i>to</i> Close of C by Webster's Dictionary (1913 Edition)
		a vowel which is pronounced with a diminished aperture of the lips, or with contraction of the cavity of the mouth.
		Plant the spring crocuses close to a wall.
		Strictly confined; carefully quarded; as, a close prisoner.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/257/1194/22213/5.html (339 words)

	Lojban Reference Grammar: Chapter 3
		A diphthong is a vowel sound that consists of two elements, a short vowel sound and a glide, either a labial (IPA [w]) or palatal (IPA [j]) glide, that either precedes (an on-glide) or follows (an off-glide) the main vowel.
		The buffer vowel should be as laxly pronounced as possible, as central as possible, and as short as possible.
		Since every syllable has a vowel sound (or diphthong or syllabic consonant) as its nucleus, and the stress is on the vowel sound itself, the terms “stressed syllable” and “stressed vowel” are largely interchangeable concepts.
	xahlee.org /lojban/hrefgram/chapter3.html (6141 words)

	Cardinal Vowels
		The idea is that in identifying the quality of each vowel in a particular language, one will compare it to the cardinal vowels, note its relationship to them, and then use the symbol of the nearest cardinal vowel as a basis from which to transcribe it.
		(the height of the vowel.) Is it close to the roof of the mouth, as for
		Vowels can be classified according to, (and so points on the quadrilateral represent,) the position of the highest point of the tongue in forming the vowel.
	www.phon.ox.ac.uk /~jcoleman/CardinalVowels.htm (848 words)

	Mambila Fricative Vowels
		She goes on to say that in closed syllables, "the transition between the labiodentalized consonant and the final consonant is so close that one hardly hears the vowel and one is inclined to assume syllabic consonants" (p.
		This vowel is also found to co-occur with post alveolar fricatives/affricates as opposed to alveolar fricatives/affricates, however unlike the ostensible palatalized labial, the postalveolar fricatives/affricates are not restricted to co-occurring with the fricative vowel.
		Vowels involving friction and syllabic fricatives are relatively rare among the languages of the world, but despite this are geographically fairly widespread.
	lucy.ukc.ac.uk /dz/ACAL28/ACAL28paper.html (3724 words)

	Department of Phonetics - Vowel Charts
		The long close vowel series /i:, y:, u:/ and the short one /i, y, u/ do not qualitatively differ from each other except for the slight centralization of the short vowels.
		The long /a:/ of Sweden Swedish is very back in comparison to Finland Swedish (and is often represented with the symbol expressing roundedness, i.e., it is close to the vowel /o:/; cf.
		Data from Deterding 1997, where the vowels were obtained from a digital speech database consisting of the speech of five male speakers; approximately 10 occurrences per vowel type.
	www.helsinki.fi /hum/hyfl/projektit/vokaalikartat_eng.html (452 words)

	German Vowels
		For the vowel length in a prefix or first component of a compound word not carrying the primary stress, it makes a difference whether it is regarded as an unstressed prefix or as a first component with secondary stress.
		Vowels followed by a single consonant or at the end of the word are mostly long if and only if they are stressed, also with quite some exceptions.
		The length of a vowel that is followed by , , , or at the word end or between vowels is not always predictable.
	www.lrz-muenchen.de /~hr/lang/dt-vowels.html (4063 words)

	English language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The North American variation of this sound is a rhotic vowel.
		It is the vowels that differ most from region to region.
		Other less closely related living languages include Dutch, Afrikaans, German and the Scandinavian languages.
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/English_language (3141 words)

	vowel - definition by dict.die.net
		vowel n 1: a speech sound made with the vocal tract open [syn: vowel sound] [ant: consonant] 2: a letter of the alphabet standing for a spoken vowel
		Note: In the English language, the written vowels are a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes w and y.
		Also, a letter or character which represents such a sound.
	dict.die.net /vowel (67 words)

	International Phonetic Alphabet for English - Biocrawler
		bid – AmE, AuE and BrE near-close near-front unrounded vowel, NZE schwa
		The English [o] and [e] vowels are realized as diphthongs, but they are included here with the plain vowels because the [ɪ] and [ʊ] are just off-glides.
		The distinction between long and short vowels is more pronounced in British and Australian English than in American English (where many researchers do not transcribe any length for vowels at all).
	www.biocrawler.com /biowiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet_for_English (1585 words)

	UNIL / Linguistique - phonetic
		Figure 4.3: close vowel (left) vs open vowel (right)
		The chief characteristic of the vowels is the freedom with which the airstream, once out of the glottis, passes through the speech organs.
		There are three possible resonators involved in the articulation of a vowel: the oral cavity, the labial cavity, and the nasal cavity.
	www2.unil.ch /ling/english/phonetique/api4-eng.html (407 words)

	The pronunciation of the Portuguese of Portugal - Notes
		It's only a small change, because both [i] and [1] are high (close) vowels, which differ only in that the highest point of the tongue is in front versus central position.
		This closing effect of nasals may also explain why there is only a single nasalised /e~/ and a single /o~/, whereas the non-nasalised counterparts do have a separate half-open and half-close phoneme.
		Nasal consonants n, m and nh tend to have a closing effect the vowel before it: a stressed open /a/ can turn into a less open /3/, for example in the word cama (bed).
	rudhar.com /foneport/en/noteport.htm (3957 words)

	CA162 Principles of Linguistics ACL1 Phonetics Notes 3 - Vowels
		Figure 1 is a chart of the vowel quadrilateral and the labels and symbols used by the International Phonetics Association.
		Cardinal vowels are therefore anchored to the extremes of the vowel space, and the resultant sounds are unnaturally extreme, i.e.
		The cardinal vowels have been handed down orally for almost a century, and are shared by phoneticians all over the world: now it's your turn.
	www.compapp.dcu.ie /~alex/CA162/PHONETICS/vowels.html (694 words)

	Sound Reading - The International Phonemic Alphabet
		Close vowel sounds + confusing spellings = a language that is hard to read and spell.
		American English uses 18 vowels that have close or overlapping sounds.
		The 6 vowel letters (a, e, i, o, u, y) are used in 70 different spellings.
	members.aol.com /isrp/phonemes.html (244 words)

	sustar
		With regard to allophonic realisations of vowels, the variation of length (duration) in English (pre-fortis clipping and pre-lenis lengthening) is perhaps the most important difference between the two languages.
		While one might expect simple replacement of the two English vowels with the two Slovene counterparts in Slovene speakers' English pronunciation, this is seldom the case.
		This leads Slovene speakers to neutralise English vowels, e.g.
	www.phon.ucl.ac.uk /home/johnm/sustar.htm (1249 words)

	Back vowel
		The defining characteristic of a back vowel is that the tongue is positioned as far back as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
		A back vowel is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.
		"Why are you Maltese celebrating?" he said, with the usual delightful stretch of the last English vowel, to turn 'ing' into an 'iing'.
	www.infothis.com /find/Back_vowel (278 words)

	Greek language
		The short e (ε in Greek orthography) is shown in the table as mid close vowel.
		The main phonetic changes between Ancient and Modern Greek are a simplification in the vowel system and a change of some consonants to fricative values.
		Most noticeably, the vowels i, ē, y, ei, oi have all become i.
	www.infothis.com /find/Greek_language (1736 words)

	5-806
		It is suggested that in close transcription, a space be put between each segment of the original IPA, so that the characters representing diacritics do not become confused with the characters for segments proper.
		These principles are intended to keep the result visually as close to current IPA as possible, within the very great limitations of the ASCII system.
		For close transcription, with many diacritics, it is frighteningly ugly.
	www.umich.edu /~archive/linguistics/linguist.list/volume.5/no.801-850/5-806 (1757 words)

	find.pl
		; chomp @vowels; close(VOWEL); # close the file stream from the vowel file # Read lines from the data file, parse them, and search for instances of the # target vowels in the stressed syllables in words with more than one stress $m=0; # initialize a counter while(defined($line =
		# Counts the number of instances in which particular vowels are pronounced with primary and # secondary stress in words with more than one stress in CELEX # Get the name of file to search from the command line # and open a file stream to read from it.
		$out_file"); # Read the vowel values into the array vowels @vowels =
	www.cs.utexas.edu /~bhatt/temp/find.pl (139 words)

	zompist bboard :: View topic - Respel English?
		That vowel for me seems to fluctuate between schwa, some kind of close back vowel, and soem kind of close front vowel.
		Final ch, f, j, l, s, z after a short vowel are usually double (with double ch being and double j being ), and final b, d, g, k, m, n, p, t, are usually single.
		Final ch, f, j, k, l, s, z after a short vowel are usually double (with double forms iof ch, j, k being , , , respectively), and final b, d, g, m, n, p, t, are usually single.
	www.spinnoff.com /zbb/viewtopic.php?t=8388&start=0 (3799 words)

	LINGVA XRONARI
		vowel, ui = short or long close front rounded vowel, b = voiced bilabial plosive, c = voiceless grooved alveopalatal affricate, ch = voiceless uvular
		i = short or long close front vowel, o = short or long close-mid back vowel, u = short or long close back rounded
		a = short or long open front vowel,
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/JPN-l-xronari.html (107 words)

	Near-close vowel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A near-close vowel is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.
		Near-close vowels sometimes described as lax variants of the fully-close vowels.
		The near-close vowels identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet are:
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Near-close_vowel (93 words)

	Close-mid front unrounded vowel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Its vowel height is close-mid, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between close vowel and a mid vowel.
		The close-mid front unrounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages.
		Its vowel backness is front, which means the tongue is positioned as far forward as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel (328 words)

	Cardinal vowel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For instance, the vowel of the English word "feet" can be described with reference to cardinal vowel 1, [i], which is the cardinal vowel closest to it.
		Vowel sound produced when the tongue is in an extreme position, either front or back, high or low.
		These eight vowels are known as the eight 'primary cardinal vowels', and vowels like these are common in the world's languages.
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Cardinal_vowel (410 words)

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