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Topic: Negro league baseball

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	Negro League Baseball Dot Com - The Online Home of Negro League Baseball History
		The Negro League luminaries will be inducted during ceremonies to be held at the Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, NY on July 30.
		The Negro League-Cuban League baseball connection was a very important factor in the development of the game in both countries, and we can think of no better repository of the history than the recollections of Monte Irvin and Connie Marrero.
		With fan interest in Negro League baseball history reaching higher and higher levels during the past few years, it is good to see some attention being focused on Cuba--a home away from home for many Negro League stars in the pre-Castro years.
	www.negroleaguebaseball.com (1083 words)

	Negro League History 101 - An Introduction To The Negro Leagues
		While it would be quite a stretch to say that professional baseball in the North was integrated between the end of the Civil War and 1890, quite a number of African-Americans played alongside white athletes on minor league and major league teams during the period.
		The Negro Southern League was in continuous operation from 1920 through the 1940s and held the position as fl baseball's only operating major circuit for the 1931 season.
		In 1937 the Negro American League was launched, bringing into its fold the best clubs in the South and Midwest, and stood as the opposing circuit to Greenlee's Negro National League until the latter league disbanded after the 1949 season.
	www.negroleaguebaseball.com /history101.html (0 words)

	Amazon.com: Negro League Baseball: Books: Ernest C. Withers
		Negro League Baseball: The Rise and Ruin of a Black Institution by Neil Lanctot
		Long before fls gained entrance into major league baseball, some of the greatest athletes ever to play the game were performing remarkable feats in the Negro Leagues.
		Baseball is my passion and there are certainly plenty of great images in baseball history ("The Catch", Maz's home run, Fisk's HR, etc.), but this provides a different light to both professional baseball and the Negro Leagues.
	www.amazon.com /Negro-League-Baseball-Ernest-Withers/dp/0810955857 (0 words)

	Negro League Baseball Museum
		The Negro League Baseball Museum in Kansas City is the centerpiece of historical renaissance of Negro Leagues Baseball throughout the nation.
		The Negro Leaguesâ Kansas City connection began in 1920, when Rube Foster, owner of the Chicago American Giants organized a meeting in Kansas City that resulted in the formation of the Negro National League.
		The Negro Leagues Baseball Museum in Kansas Cityâs 18th and Vine historic district, recreates the look, sound and feel of baseball in the height of the Negro Leagues.
	www.kauffman.org /items.cfm?itemID=524 (334 words)

	Negro League Baseball
		It competed in the Negro Southern League in 1932, and in the Negro American League in 1938 and 1939.
		In the early years of the Negro League he was its biggest star.
		She left baseball in 1955 to care for her son and became a nurse.
	www.indystar.com /library/factfiles/history/black_history/negroleagues.html (942 words)

	It's A Black Thang.com - Negro League Baseball - Gifts - Apparel - Memorabilia
		The Negro Baseball League brought thrilling and innovative baseball to urban Black America and to the country sides.
		Unfortunately the Negro Baseball League soon disbanded after Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier and Blacks were admitted into Major League Baseball.
		Our Negro League Baseball sweat suits and caps will give you the opportunity to honor and respect all the great players from the Negro League.
	www.itsablackthang.com /NegroLeagueBaseball-sweatsuits-caps.htm (514 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		The Southern League was comprised of ten teams: the Memphis Eclipse, the Georgia Champions of Atlanta, the Savannah Broads, the Memphis Eurekas, the Savannah Lafayettes, the Charleston Fultons, the Jacksonville Athletics, the New Orleans Unions, the Florida Clippers of Jacksonville and the Jacksonville Macedonias.
		The teams in the new American Negro League were the same ones from the Eastern League, with the exception of the Brooklyn Royal Giants which had folded and the addition of the Homestead Grays.
		Negro Southern League was a minor league that played from 1920 into the 1940s; in 1932 it incorporated some teams from the first Negro National League and functioned for one year as a major league.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Negro_League (5206 words)

	Negro league baseball - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Southern League was comprised of 10 teams: the Memphis Eclipse, the Georgia Champions of Atlanta, the Savannah Broads, the Memphis Eurekas, the Savannah Lafayettes, the Charleston Fultons, the Jacksonville Athletics, the New Orleans Unions, the Florida Clippers of Jacksonville and the Jacksonville Macedonias.
		The Negro League World Series was revived in 1942, this time pitting the winners of the eastern Negro National League against the winners of the midwestern Negro American League, and continued until 1948, with the NNL winning four championships and the NAL three.
		Negro Southern League was a minor league that played from 1920 into the 1940s; in 1932 it incorporated some teams from the first Negro National League and functioned for one year as a major league.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Negro_league_baseball (5156 words)

	Negro League baseball: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The negro national league was one of the several negro leagues which were established during the period in the united states in which organized baseball was segregat...
		The eastern colored league was one of the several negro leagues which were created during the time organized baseball was segregated....
		The negro american league was one of the several negro leagues which were created during the time organized baseball was segregated....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/n/ne/negro_league_baseball.htm (3062 words)

	Negro league baseball - Definition, explanation
		After 1950, the league and its teams operated after a fashion, mostly as barnstorming units, but historians have a hard time deciding when the league actually came to an end.) The National and American Leagues met in a Negro League World Series from 1942 through 1948.
		After the integration of the major leagues in 1947, as marked by the appearance of Jackie Robinson with the Brooklyn Dodgers that April, interest in Negro League baseball waned.
		Negro League owners who complained about this practice were in a no-win situation: they could not protect their own interests without seeming to interfere with the advancement of players to the majors.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/n/ne/negro_league_baseball.php (1509 words)

	Home Page
		Summary: A photo essay presents the history of the Negro Baseball League, a separate version of baseball played in the first half of the twentieth century by those prevented because of their race from playing in the major leagues.
		Summary: Traces the history of the Negro leagues that evolved due to segregation in professional baseball and the experiences of fl players from the late nineteenth through the early twentieth century.
		Summary: Describes the life of one of baseball’s greatest pitchers, who was unable to play Major League baseball due to segregation for many years, after which he became the first fl pitcher in the American League.
	www.usd230.k12.ks.us /NLBM/bibliography/child.htm (1833 words)

	Negro League Baseball (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This treasure trove of images by Withers, the unofficial team photographer for the Memphis Red Sox, captures the peak of Negro League action through the years of groundbreaking integration, as well as the community in which fl baseball was played.
		Long before fls gained entrance into major league baseball, some of the greatest athletes ever to play the game were performing remarkable feats in the Negro Leagues.
		If your a fan of the Negro Leagues or baseball history in general, you won't be able to put this book down.
	www.blackathletesportsnetwork.net /artman/publish/printer_446.shtml (467 words)

	The Negro Leagues \| Jules Tygiel \| OAH Magazine of History
		Negro Leaguers appeared regularly in the Cuban, Puerto Rican, Venezuelan, and Dominican winter leagues where they competed against fl and white Latin stars and major leaguers as well.
		Although the great sluggers of the Negro Leagues rivalled those in the National and American Leagues, they comprised but one element of the speed-dominated universe of "tricky baseball." Black teams emphasized the bunt, the stolen base, and the hit-and-run.
		While organized baseball rigidly enforced its ban on fl players within the major and minor leagues, postseason tours against big league stars offered an opportunity for fl players to prove their equality on the diamond.
	www.oah.org /pubs/magazine/sport/tygiel.html (2170 words)

	Negro League Baseball (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It competed in the Negro Southern League in 1932, and in the Negro American League in 1938 and 1939.
		In the early years of the Negro League he was its biggest star.
		She left baseball in 1955 to care for her son and became a nurse.
	www2.indystar.com /library/factfiles/history/black_history/negroleagues.html (942 words)

	Negro League baseball
		After the integration of the major leagues in 1947, as marked by the appearance of Jackie Robinson with the Brooklyn Dodgers that April, interest in Negro League baseball waned.
		Negro League owners who complained about this practice were in a no-win situation: they could not protect their own interests without seeming to interfere with the advancement of players to the majors.
		Some proposals were floated to bring the Negro Leagues into "organized baseball" as developmental leagues for fl players, but this was seen as contrary to the goal of full integration of the sport.
	www.gamesinathens.com /olympics/n/ne/negro_league_baseball.shtml (1085 words)

	Atlanta Monarchs Elite Baseball Club: Negro League History 101 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Generally speaking, the term "Negro Leagues" refers to fl baseball teams that participated in organized segregated baseball between the post civil war era of the 1860's and 1961.
		Negro League Baseball's popularity had grown to where crowd attendance began to draw record numbers.
		As a result, the Major Leagues owners saw the economic benefits, so they allowed the Negro League teams to utilize their stadiums when the Major League teams were away.
	eteamz.active.com /atlmonarchs/news/index.cfm?cat=296301 (632 words)

	Timeline Of Negro League Baseball History
		The league was the brainchild of Hall-of-Fame pitcher Andrew "Rube" Foster, then owner of the Chicago American Giants.
		The new league proved to be the first stable and successful professional Negro League circuit.
		The American Negro League is formed in the East and begins its inaugural (and only) season with the Baltimore Black Sox, Lincoln Giants, Homestead Grays, Hilldale Cub, Bacharach Giants, and Cuban Stars (East).
	www.negroleagueshop.com /timeline_of_negro_league_baseb.cfm (1141 words)

	Baseball inducts Negro League players into Hall of Fame - Sports (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Until 1947, Major League Baseball was a whites-only club and many athletes that could have starred in the majors were forced to play away from the limelight in the Negro Leagues.
		In 2001, MLB Commissioner Bud Selig created a commission to research the Negro Leagues and find players that would have been worthy of induction had they been given the chance to play in the major leagues.
		After the induction of the Negro Leaguers, Bruce Sutter was honored for his relief efforts that led to the 1982 St. Louis Cardinals World Series Championship.
	www.dailytexanonline.com /media/storage/paper410/news/2006/07/31/Sports/Baseball.Inducts.Negro.League.Players.Into.Hall.Of.Fame-2135224.shtml?norewrite200610172212&sourcedomain=www.dailytexanonline.com (784 words)

	Negro League baseball (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The period 1890-1914 saw a state of perpetual turmoil, with many leagues and teams coming and going within a space of a few years, mirroring the problems with "upstart leagues" in white baseball.
		In his United States Baseball Hall of Fame induction speech in 1966, Ted Williams made a strong plea for inclusion of Negro League stars in the Hall.
		The Hall relented and agreed to admit Negro League players on an equal basis with their white counterparts in 1971.
	usapedia.com /n/negro-league-baseball.html (1086 words)

	Article-Negro League Baseball
		Long before fls gained entrance into major league baseball, some of the greatest athletes ever to play the game were performing remarkable feats in the Negro Leagues.
		Baseball lore is replete with the tales of such legendary Negro League stars as Satchel Paige, Cool Papa Bell, Josh Gibson and a few others.
		Baseball is my passion and there are certainly plenty of great images in baseball history ("The Catch", Maz's home run, Fisk's HR, etc.), but this provides a different light to both professional baseball and the Negro Leagues.
	www.minihttpserver.net /z_book/A_negro_league_basebal-0810955857.htm (744 words)

	SABR :\|\| SABR News \| "Negro League Baseball" by Neil Lanctot to receive the Seymour Medal for 2004
		Lanctot's book is a detailed look at the inner workings of the Negro Leagues and offers new insights into the rise, fall, highs and lows of the enterprise.
		Negro League Baseball was selected from one of three finalists for the Seymour Medal Award.
		The Society's mission is to foster the study of baseball, to assist in developing and maintaining the history of the game, to facilitate the dissemination of baseball research and to stimulate interest in baseball.
	www.sabr.org /sabr.cfm?a=cms,c,1239,40,0 (461 words)

	Negro League Baseball Remembered - Taylor University (Site not responding. Last check: )
		All this according to Byron Motley, a musician, filmmaker and Negro League Baseball historian, who was one of the featured speakers at this week's Martin Luther King, Jr.
		Motley, whose father was a Negro League umpire, recounted player after player and team after team — all of whom enjoyed as large a following as their white counterparts in the majors during the league’s run from 1920 to 1960.
		When Jackie Robinson broke baseball's color barrier in 1947, it was the beginning of the end for Negro League baseball, which officially folded after the 1960 season.
	www.taylor.edu /community/news/featuredArticles/baseball_01-21-05.htm (594 words)

	Negro Baseball
		This was a western-based league consisting of eight teams: the Giants and American Giants of Chicago, the Dayton Marcos, the Detroit Stars, the ABC's, the Kansas City Monarchs, the St. Louis Giants and a traveling Cuban Squad called the Stars.
		The reappearance of leagues in 1932 came with the formation of the Negro Southern League and the East-West League.
		The Negro baseball leagues provided for African-Americans an opportunity to show the skill they possessed but were not allowed to take to the white major leagues.
	www.fcps.k12.va.us /westspringfieldhs/projects/im98/im981/spo.htm (963 words)

	Negro League Baseball \| Lanctot, Neil
		Baseball functioned as a critical component in the separate economy catering to fl consumers in the urban centers of the North and South.
		Though aware of the threat, Negro League owners failed to develop any plan to prepare for the possibility of integrated professional baseball, and in 1945, when Branch Rickey of the Brooklyn Dodgers signed Kansas City Monarch infielder Jackie Robinson, it was a triumph for the nation's African Americans but an embarrassment for industry officials.
		Baseball occupied an important social and economic role in fl communities, yet histories of the Negro Leagues have often focused on the exploits of individual players or specific teams.
	www.upenn.edu /pennpress/book/14028.html (669 words)

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