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Topic: Nematicide

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	Movement and Toxicity of Nematicides in the Plant Root Zone
		The variability of the distribution of the nematicide in soil depends upon the degree of incorporation and the extent to which the chemical is redistributed in soil by diffusion and leaching in soil water.
		Nematicide dispersal may be severely restricted due to the reversible and irreversible binding (adsorption) of nematicide molecules onto organic matter surfaces.
		Nematicide application rates required for effective nematode control may be determined by the extent to which nematicide adsorption to soil organic matter occurs, the volume of treated soil which is determined by soil type and soil moisture content.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /BODY_NG002 (4861 words)

	nematicide history
		Ancient history of nematicides is closely associated with the early history of soil insecticides, and probably had its beginning about 1854, when Garreau recognized the insecticidal value of carbon bisulphide (also spelled disulphide and bi- or disulfide).
		The end of the medieval era of nematicide history and the beginning of the modern era was marked by the publication in 1943 of a paper by Dr. Walter Carter, of the Pineapple Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii.
		Nematicides are now regularly used by growers of many crops once considered to be outside the profitable range.
	flnem.ifas.ufl.edu /HISTORY/nematicide_his.htm (4173 words)

	Part III - Chemical Management - Factors Affecting the Efficacy of Nematicides (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Nematicides can adsorb to organic debris and thus reduce the amount of compound free in the soil.
		Almost all nonfumigant nematicides such as Nemacur and Vydate are organophosphate or carbamate pesticides, which are potent cholinesterase inhibitors.
		If exposure to the nematicide is too short or at a low concentration, however, these behavioral modifications can be reversed and the treatment is not effective.
	tfpg.cas.psu.edu /part3/part32d.htm (352 words)

	Field Crops:nematodes - cotton and soybean (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In addition nematicide regimes will be superimposed in the plots to determine efficacy of 1,3-dichloropropene and aldicarb in managing yield losses across a range of soil types and nematode densities.
		Nematicide treatments will be established in field plots of each production system to determine percentage yield losses due to nematodes.
		By matching nematicide application rates to predicted nematode distributions (precision applications)nematodes can be controlled and 5% yield increases obtained with reductions of 34% to 78% in nematicides used and economic inputs.
	www.clemson.edu /scg/field/mueller.htm (1239 words)

	[No title]
		Nematicides are useful when nematodes are the only soil pathogens to control.
		Nematicides Because of the impressive yield increase following their application, nematicides are the most popular means for controlling nematodes.
		Nematicides containing or developing methyl isothiocyanate after being incorporated into the soil are less effective than 1,3D against nematodes but they exhibit also herbicide and fungicide activities.
	www.minagric.gr /greek/data/files2251/GRECO1.DOC (1234 words)

	ACES Publications : ANR-0523
		Post-plant contact nematicides, available as granular or liquid formulations (except Clandosan) are restricted use pesticides that require a Pesticide Applicator Certification Permit for their purchase and application.
		Clandosan nematicide is composed of relatively non-toxic compounds and may be safely used in all landscape, commercial, and recreational turfs.
		In areas heavily infested with nematodes, a second nematicide application in late summer or early fall may be needed, especially on greens and tees to maintain turf quality.
	www.aces.edu /pubs/docs/A/ANR-0523 (1629 words)

	Crop Centre - Nematicide Stewardship '05
		However, he added that new studies have revealed that the field use of aldicarb-based nematicides do not impact negatively on earthworms - it is, in fact, the cultivation machines that cause the greatest impact, and in any case, populations recover within 14 weeks.
		M Gatineau pointed to the establishment of vineyards as an example of the crucial role of aldicarb and the need to be able to continue using it.
		Growers, operators and agronomists can register for a place on a nematicide stewardship training course or obtain the nematicide stewardship e-learning CD by calling Bayer Assist on 0845 6092266 or request one using the contact form.
	www.bayercropscience.co.uk /output.aspx?sec=415&con=685 (795 words)

	Nematicide on Cotton Growth and Yield (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It is concluded that a well chosen, single rate application (based on several soil samples taken in the fall of the previous year) will yield at least equally to a variable rate application, and also be less risky.
		However, sampling error still occurred (Gaines County in 1996, for example), and the cost of the nematicide is relatively low ($3.20/lb) compared with the cost of under applying Temik®.
		The recommendation is to sample fields for root-knot nematode, and then apply a nematicidal rate (5-7 lbs of Temik®/a) in the areas of the field with root-knot nematode.
	lubbock.tamu.edu /ipm/AgWeb/r_and_d/cotton/1999/Terry/Precisionnematicide.htm (4851 words)

	Guide for Interpreting Nematode Assay Results
		Combining the use of a nematicide with resistant varieties or non-host crop rotations may decrease nematode population densities, which may increase the effectiveness of chemical control and allow the use of lower nematicide rates.
		Corn is a relatively low-profit crop in Georgia, and the costs of nematicides may preclude their use in nematode management unless the crop is grown for on-farm use.
		Nematicides remain a key tool in nematode management in putting greens but, to be most effective, they should be used in combination with proper turf management.
	pubs.caes.uga.edu /caespubs/pubcd/C834.htm (6823 words)

	Crop Centre - Nematicide Stewardship
		That was the opening message from environmental stewardship manager Steve Higginbotham at the launch of the 2004 stewardship programme earlier in January.
		"All nematicides are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and demand the same respect for stewardship", he warned.
		Growers and operators wanting to attend a nematicide stewardship workshop should contact their agrochemical supplier or call Bayer Assist on 0845 6092266.
	www.bayercropscience.co.uk /output.aspx?sec=415&con=511 (214 words)

	Legumes in Crop Rotations
		In a second 1-year rotation, the plots were planted to soybean or corn (Zea mays) after fumigation in the spring with a split application of 1,3-dichloropropene (748.2 liters/ha).
		Nematicidal effects were no longer evident during the fourth year.
		When the nematicide was applied to both crops in the C-P rotation, peanut yields were increased in only two of the possible three years when peanut was planted.
	www.nal.usda.gov /afsic/AFSIC_pubs/qb94-38.htm (16496 words)

	SCG: Pest Mgt - nematodes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Nematicide efficacy in each soil type can be modeled mathematically using a combination of stepwise multiple regression and inverse logistic damage functions to generate predictive models.
		Variable rate applications of nematicides would allow application of the nematicide only to areas of the field where treatment thresholds are exceeded.
		Site-specific application of nematicides for nematode management in cotton may pose fewer environmental risks than the uniform-rate application of nematicides.
	www.clemson.edu /scg/pest/khalilian.htm (1422 words)

	Nematicides
		Non-fumigant nematicides must be mechanically mixed throughout the soil profile, or spread in aqueous solution.
		Nematicides in soil are in dynamic equilibrium among the three soil phases: 1) solids (adsorbed to clay and OM), 2) soil solution, and 3) soil air.
		Until 1977, DBCP was used as a soil fumigant and nematicide on over 40 different crops in the United States.
	plpnemweb.ucdavis.edu /nemaplex/Mangmnt/Chemical.htm (2367 words)

	Using GIS/GPS for Variable-Rate Nematicide Application in Row Crops
		Potentially lessened rates of nematicides could be used since most nematode population distributions in the field are generally not uniform but rather in clusters.
		Use of variable-rate application of nematicides for crops is a relatively new concept and very little research actually is available to determine the logistic and economic potential for this technology.
		With accurate information on nematode populations in a specific field, the obvious use of precision agricultural technology is to adjust rates of application of a nematicide as one crosses a field.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /BODY_IN464 (1959 words)

	IngentaConnect The effect of granular nematicide incorporation depth and potato ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The effect of granular nematicide incorporation depth and potato planting depth on potatoes grown in land infested with the potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G.
		Field experiments at Harper Adams, Shropshire and Wisbech, Cambridgeshire investigated the effect of nematicide incorporation and seed tuber planting depth on the yield of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars Estima and Maris Piper and the population control of the potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis Woll.
		Incorporating nematicide to 20 cm also gave consistently higher ware yields and better nematode control than the other incorporation methods, which were not significantly different to the control.
	api.ingentaconnect.com /content/aab/annals/2000/00000136/00000001/art99122 (274 words)

	PRESCRIPTION FARMING SYSTEMS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		To assess the size and quality of the potato harvest, test digs have been made at the farm in the potato fields treated with nematicides based upon the satellite maps of the eelworm infestation.
		As we have proved that the system works in practice, for the 1999 crop we are now refining our use of nematicides and the levels at which we use Telone.
		Targeting the use of nematicides has allowed us to produce a good crop of saleable potatoes at the lowest cost with the minimal environmental impact and we are confident enough to expand the exercise in 1999.
	members.farmline.com /pfs/progress.htm (205 words)

	Root-Knot Nematodes on Tobacco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Use a resistant variety or a nematicide with a rating of at least 4.
		Use a resistant variety and a nematicide treatment with a rating of at least 3.
		Use a nematicide with a rating of 1 or 2.
	www.agr.state.nc.us /AGRONOMI/nnote3.htm (490 words)

	Fungicide and Nematicide Tests Volume 54 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Fungicide and Nematicide Tests is a compilation of reports on fungicide and nematicide testing published annually.
		Contributors test new and older products and present up-to-date results to help plant pathologists and nematologists who are dedicated to improving plant disease control.
		Special reports and additional reference material on subjects related to fungicide and nematicide testing are also included.
	www.shopapspress.org /f-n54.html (106 words)

	PROBLEMS POTENTIALLY RESULTING FROM NEMATICIDE USE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Nematicides which have been found in groundwater in various situations include 1,2-dichloropropane (one of the components of D-D mixture), Vydate (oxamyl), Temik (aldicarb), and DBCP (dibromochloropropane).
		Because of acute toxicity, the organophosphates and carbamates are considered to be more likely to cause harm to nontarget organisms and endangered species than are the fumigant nematicides.
		On the otherhand, several of the fumigant nematicides have been implicated as potential carcinogens.
	ucdnema.ucdavis.edu /imagemap/nemmap/ent156html/204NEM/CHEM/XPROBUSE (125 words)

	[No title]
		When soil solarisation lasted for 45-60 days during July-August, these nematodes were eradicated from the top soil profile, even in heavily infested greenhouses, thus resulting in roots nearly free of nematode galls until harvest.
		The use of a nematicide was effective when these nematodes were the only soil pathogens present.
		In this case injection of a low rate of 1,3-D at 35cm deep, instead of 18-20 cm as usually done, combined with soil solarisation, was useful to achieve good nematode control in a deeper soil profile.
	www.minagric.gr /greek/data/GRECO1.DOC (334 words)

	Are Alternatives to Traditional Nematicides a Real Possibility? \| United States Golf Association
		Even if a new nematicide works, it can be years before it gets on the market, if it does at all.
		The chemical companies are restarting their nematicide screening programs, and we are learning more about nematode biological control.
		At the same time, superintendents need to be warned that many of the options on the market are not all they are cracked up to be, and they should first be carefully evaluated on a small scale.
	www.usga.org /turf/green_section_record/2003/nov_dec/alternatives.html (910 words)

	Influence of spring-applied preemergence herbicides on bermudagrass in nematode-infested soil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Nematicide treatments were applied in the first two weeks of April and treatments were no nematicide or fenamiphos (10.0 lb a.i./acre as Nemacur 10G).
		The effect of the nematicide on rooting was independent of the herbicide treatment.
		Average root width was not affected by the herbicide or nematicide treatments (data not shown).
	virtual.clemson.edu /groups/turfornamental/sctop/turfsec/plpanem/plpanem5.htm (555 words)

	Agricultural Sciences www.AgSciinc.com
		When it is known or suspected that plants may have already been infected, the use of a systemic fungicide or nematicide may be necessary, followed by the use of Sincocin to prevent further infection.
		Note: If a systemic fungicide or nematicide is used to treat a current infection, begin treatments with Sincocin 14 to 28 days after use of the fungicide or nematicide.
		If a systemic fungicide or nematicide is used to treat a current infection, begin treatments with Sincocin 14 to 28 days after use of the fungicide or nematicide.
	www.agsciinc.com /html/sincocin-howto.html (641 words)

	Nematicide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		nematicide is a valid word in this word list, but no definition for it has been loaded yet.
		The word "nematicide" uses 10 letters: A C D E E I I M N T.
		Words within nematicide not shown as it has more than seven letters.
	www.morewords.com /word/nematicide (203 words)

	Nematicide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Over US$225,000 has been donated since the drive began on 19 August.
		A nematicide is a type of chemical pesticide used to kill parasitic nematodes (a phylum of worms).
		This page was last modified 19:32, 15 May 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nematicide (67 words)

	UMass Extension Turf Program: Management Updates > 1998 Archive > July 29, 1998
		Remember that decline is often the result of several factors and that nematode populations need to be ascertained before application of nematicide.
		Although I usually do not recommend a nematicide after August, suppression of nematode populations at the end of the summer will allow for better root development into the fall.
		Cyst nematodes are more vulnerable to nematicide after August 1 because the juveniles are moving from the cyst through the soil to the root.
	www.umassturf.org /mangement_updates/1998_archive/98jul29.htm (228 words)

	Dr. Lawrence
		Nematicidal effects on population densities of the reniform nematode.
		The effects of nematicide compounds on yield and population development of nematodes associated with 'Tracy-M' soybeans.
		Efficacy of nematicides for management of the southern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) on kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) cv.
	www.msstate.edu /Entomology/Nematology/gary.htm (6185 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Chinese cabbage is an important crop in that country, grown during the cold season and exported to Europe in the winter and early spring.
		When CLA was tested as a nematicide in Chinese cabbage, high concentrations (0.4% w/w) were toxic to the crop but a concentration of 0.2% increased plant weight.
		Because Chinese cabbage is sensitive to high levels of ammonium, a study was conducted with this crop to determine the effect of CLA as a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
	www.fadr.msu.ru /rodale/agsieve/txt/vol2/4/art2.html (661 words)

	The Sting Nematode
		Effect of selected nematicides on sting nematode populations and corn yields-Garden City, Kansas, 1984-1985.
		It is important to note, however, that reduction in nematode populations due to nematicides are temporary, and populations often return to pre-treatment levels by the end of the season.
		Remember also that a crop grown in an infested field treated with a nematicide will probably still not yield as well as the same crop would if grown in the complete absence of the nematode.
	nematode.unl.edu /stingnem.htm (1023 words)

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