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Topic: Neopythagorean

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	- Encyclopedia of Religion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The specific term for the esoteric or mystic doctrine concerning God and the universe, asserted to have come down as a revelation to elect saints from a remote past, and preserved only by a privileged few.
		At first consisting only of empirical lore, it assumed, under the influence of Neoplatonic and Neopythagorean philosophy, a speculative character.
		In the geonic period it is connected with a Mishnah-like text-book, the "Sefer Yezirah," and forms the object of the systematic study of the elect, called "mekubbalim" or "ba'ale ha-kabbalah" (possessors of, or adepts in, the Cabala).
	www.religion-encyclopedia.com /K/kabbalah.htm (277 words)

	SETHIAN GNOSTICISM: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		They served to structure its world of transcendent beings by means of ontological distinctions, and to explain how the plenitude of the divine world might emerge from a sole high deity by emanation, radiation, unfolding, and mental self-reflection.
		Neopythagorean arithmology helped to flesh out the various triadic, tetradic, pentadic, and ogdoadic groupings of the transcendental beings.
		As E. Dodds showed in 1928,[9] this negative theology is only a natural development of Plato's doctrine of the Good "beyond being in power and dignity" in the Republic, 509B and of the speculations about the non-being of the One in the Parmenides, 137Cff.
	www.unl.edu /classics/faculty/turner/lithist.html (11081 words)

	Hellenistic Astrology [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		The importance of Antiochus for the development of Hellenistic astrology may be his break with the skepticism of the New Academy, one which allowed the Middle Platonists to espouse more theological and speculative views about the soul and the cosmos while anticipating Neoplatonic theories.
		Whether or not Ocellus and other Neopythagoreans are at the forefront of formulating these particular astrological rules, he provides a metaphysical basis for the notion that the planets and stars effect changes on earth.
		Besides being a prolific writer on a variety of subjects, Plutarch was, philosophically speaking, a Platonist, as defined by his era, that is, one influenced by Aristotelian, Stoic, and Neopythagorean notions.
	www.iep.utm.edu /a/astr-hel.htm (18995 words)

	Gurdjieff and Work
		This essay is an attempt to survey Gurdjieff's central ideas, locate his sources and to delineate the main reasons for his "Work", chief methods, as well as to evaluate its place in history and in the present.
		So, in his rather incongruos blend of Theosophy, Neopythagoreanism Rosicrucianism and Alchemy, even (in a few interpretations, 4) the inborn spiritual self is doomed to post-mortem extinction in ordinary human beings.
		Having undergone further modifications in Neopythagorean and Neoplatonist schools, probably in Alexandria, it has been, as some stories indicate, transmitted via the Ismailis's sixth Imam, Jafar-as-Sadiq, to some of their "occult" branches.
	www.kheper.net /topics/Gurdjieff/Gurdjieff_and_Work.html (4508 words)

	Template
		Apollonius of Tyana is arguably the figure responsible for the rise of the Neopythagorean movement.
		Whatever the case, however, he was clearly an influential figure in the growth of the Neopythagorean tradition.
		Despite this difficulty, however, it is clearly evident that Ianblichus was a figure vitally important to the rise of the Neopythagorean movement.
	students.roanoke.edu /groups/relg211/johnson/KeyFigures.html (1027 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		There was certainly precedent in Neopythagorean arithmological speculation for regarding a triad to be conjoined with or reside latently within the One or the Monad.
		Theon of Smyrna, a Neopythagorean Platonist of the early second century, wrote: estin prôton ho monas, legomenê trigônon ou kat' entelecheian hôs proeirêkamen, alla kata dunamin, epei gar hautê oion sperma pantôn estin arithmôn.
		This is a natural Neopythagorean Platonic interpretation of the rather more mythological and traditional Sethian speculation on the bisexual nature of the Man (the high deity in whose image mankind is made) and Son of Man (the archetypal Adam) figures deduced from Genesis 1:26-27.
	www.unl.edu /classics/faculty/turner/triadaft.htm (10257 words)

	Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Neopythagoreanism is not an easy movement to look into or to study.
		During its development, the Neopythagorean movement never developed a scholastic tradition of its own, and it was soon fused with the Neoplatonist school of philosophy.
		In light of this, to really understand Neopythagoreanism, one must look at both its roots in Pythagoras and the Pythagorean tradition, and also at key figures in the Neopythagorean movement.
	students.roanoke.edu /groups/relg211/johnson/home.html (116 words)

	[No title]
		A Neopythagorean revival began in the first century BCE and continued until it developed into Neoplatonism in the third century CE.
		Two excellent sources for Neopythagorean numerology are Robin Waterfield's translation of The Theology of Arithmetic (attributed to Iamblichus) and Thomas Taylor's Theoretic Arithmetic, which is drawn from many sources.) (OCD s.v.
		Neoplatonism, Neopythagoreanism) The Neopythagoreanism of second century CE Alexandria was also one of the principal sources of Gnosticism, the group of esoteric religions that flourished in that society, which also gave us the Hermetica (the writings attributed to Hermes Trismegistus), the Chaldean Oracles and a number of other esoteric texts.
	www.klaxo.net /tcoto/rel/GNOSIS.HTM (2280 words)

	Middle Platonism [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		This was also the main concern of the Neopythagorean philosophy that emerged with the work of Ocellus Lucanus in the second century B.C., whose treatise On the Nature of the Universe shows the influence of both Platonic and Aristotelian conceptions.
		There is little, in fact, to differentiate Neopythagoreanism from Middle Platonism, as one can easily find Pythagorean elements in the work of thinkers commonly designated as Platonists, and vice-versa.
		Finally, the Chaldaean Oracles, a mysterious composition melding Platonic and Neopythagorean philosophy with a revelatory religiosity, was a major source of inspiration for later Neoplatonists.
	www.iep.utm.edu /m/midplato.htm (8719 words)

	Institute for the Classical Tradition \| Boston University
		Neopythagorean Moralists and the New Testament Household Codes
		A Comparison of Neopythagorean and New Testament Household Ethics
		Selected Studies of Neopythagoreans and NT Household Codes since 1975
	www.bu.edu /ict/anrw/pub/II/26/balch.html (27 words)

	Introduction to the Pythagorean Tarot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Neopythagoreanism of second century CE Alexandria was also one of the principal sources of Gnosticism, the group of esoteric religions that flourished in that society, which also gave us the Hermetica (the writings attributed to Hermes Trismegistus), the Chaldean Oracles and a number of other esoteric texts.
		Thus the alchemical worldview, which is closely allied with the Neopythagorean, becomes a valuable perspective from which to understand our growth and development as materially embodied spirits.
		Nevertheless, whether Qabalah borrowed from Neopythagoreanism (or vice versa), or both from a common source, or whether they are independent developments is, I think, unimportant from a practical standpoint, for the numbers are archetypes, and therefore, underneath their cultural trappings, they are the same for all humanity.
	www.cs.utk.edu /~mclennan/BA/PT/Intro.html (6259 words)

	History of Dogma - Volume I (ii.iv.iii) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		That man does not live by bread alone is a truth that was known before Neoplatonism; but it proclaimed the profounder truth, which the earlier philosophy had failed to recognise, that man does not live by knowledge alone.
		The forerunners of Neoplatonism were, on the one hand, those Stoics who recognise the Platonic distinction of the sensible and supersensible world, and on the other, the so-called Neopythagoreans and religious philosophers, such as Posidonius, Plutarch of Chæronea, and especially Numenius of Apamea.
		Nevertheless, these cannot be regarded as the actual Fathers of Neoplatonism; for the philosophic method was still very imperfect in comparison with the Neoplatonic, their principles were uncertain, and the authority of Plato was not yet regarded as placed on an unapproachable height.
	www.ccel.org /h/harnack/dogma1/cache/dogma1.ii.iv.iii.html (7972 words)

	Pythagorean Symbolism and the Philosophic Paideia in the Stromateis of Clement of Alexandria
		Special attention is given to the place of his philosophy in the context of both pagan and Christian philosophical and theological movements as they relate to the Neopythagorean tradition that was revived in the first century.
		In his works the conceptual system of the second-century Middle Platonists and Neopythagoreans and the method of allegorical exegesis of Philo of Alexandria were incorporated in the context of the Christian world view.
		Basic elements of Clement's theology reveal unmistakably that the influence of so-called Neopythagorean tradition penetrates throughout the whole structure of Clement's thought and certain elements of the peculiarly Pythagorean teaching are visible both in his practical and theoretical philosophy.
	users.ucom.net /~vegan/clement.htm (5909 words)

	[No title]
		Hence, the return to Plato was inevitably guided by the current interests and arguments of other schools.
		In addition, Platonism's well documented roots in Pythagoreanism were appealed to as reason for making use of Neopythagorean developments in the first and second centuries A.D. as tools for understanding Platonic teaching.
		The skeptical belief that Plato actually had no dogmata gave way to a variety of attempts in different areas of philosophy to recover the ancient truths he had revealed.
	www.infomotions.com /serials/bmcr/bmcr-9410-gerson-alcinous.txt (1010 words)

	Magus Books Newsletter 5.7, 2002
		Even today we can see its influence in any part of the world, which makes it obvious that before the world became full of distinct and separate cultures, religions, and countries, it was once united in a common brotherhood of Vedic culture, with common standards, ideals, language, and representations of God.
		This anthology, the largest collection of Pythagorean writings ever to appear in English, contains the four ancient biographies of Pythagoras and over 25 Pythagorean and Neopythagorean writings from the Classical and Hellenistic periods.
		Well informed and up-to-date illustrated dictionary by two scholars who have made their career out of clarifying the confusing array of religious representations in pre-classical Mesopotamia.
	www.magusbooks.com /main/newsletter/6.0/cat3.htm (345 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Philostratus and other sophists were members of Julia's "salon." Julia was apparently both a "patron of the art of sophistry" but also knowledgeable about philosophical matters (necessary for her to be called a philosophers by her contemporaries).
		But since she commissioned Philostratus to write a biography (of Neopythagorean Apollonius of Tyana), Pythagorean thought may have been central to her own philosophy.
		a proponent of "the second sophistic," a school of philosophical rhetoric devoted to discussions of philosophical subjects such as justice, cosmology, and Neopythagorean and Neoplatonic philosophies.
	www.macalester.edu /~warren/courses/LN6DiotimaDomna.htm (895 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 97.7.3
		Fiore's analysis of the Commentariolum takes some of the idealistic sheen off of the De amicitia; his general conclusion is that the recommendations of the Commentariolum "do not seem to diverge from what can be learned of Cicero's practical political outlook and practice" (p.
		Surely this book demonstrates, as does much other recent research, that we should now talk of topoi of friendship (this complaint could be directed to Mitchell's article as well; Edward N. O'Neil's treatment of Plutarch avoids this annoying over-simplification).
		Throughout Thom rightly calls attention to the things that set Neopythagorean writing on friendship apart from other ancient analyses of friendship -- the extension of philia to include relations between mortals and deities, for example (p.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1997/97.07.03.html (2651 words)

	Abstract, Nexus 98, Gert Sperling: The Quadrivium in the Pantheon of Rome
		Even the modules are identified very differently, so that it is difficult to compare the various analyses.
		Some scholars take the Neopythagorean roots of the Pantheon seriously, interpreting the architecture as an integrated visualization of the Greek mathematically-conceptualized theory of the cosmos, which consisted of an amalgamation of cosmological, geodetical and anthropomorphical dimensions.
		To generate harmony, the laws of arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and musical proportions are fused.
	www.nexusjournal.com /conferences/N1998-Sperling.html (311 words)

	The Sethian Gnostics
		Typical here is the Gospel of the Egyptians, perhaps the "classic" Sethian work, and a secondarily Sethianised Jewish piece called Melchezidec (named after the mythical high priest).
		(4) By the third century C.E. Sethianism had rejected by the Christian Church, while meanwhile becoming increasingly attracted to the individualistic mystical practices of Platonism, and also adopting Platonic (Neopythagorean, Middle Platonic, and Neoplatonic) metaphysical and numerological ideas.
		This is the period of the Church hersiological accounts, and Sethian texts like Allogenes, Zostrianos, and the Three Steles of Seth, which incorporate various Neopythagorean and Neoplatonic ideas.
	members.tripod.com /EsotericTexts/gnos.sethian.htm (517 words)

	Origen of Alexandria [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Origen's debt to Holy Scripture is obvious; he quotes the bible at great length, often drawing together seemingly disparate passages to make a profound theological point.
		Yet his thought is all the while informed by his Greek philosophical education, specifically that of the Middle Platonic tradition, notably the works of the Jewish Platonist Philo of Alexandria and the Neopythagorean philosopher Numenius of Apamea (fl.
		Origen shares with Philo an insistence on the free will of the person, a freedom that is direct evidence of humanity's likeness to God - for, like God's Being, human existence is free from all necessity.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/o/origen.htm (5005 words)

	Johannes Kepler
		Austrian mathematician and astronomer who got himself taken on as an assistant to Brahe in order to get access to his planetary tables.
		Kepler had been trained as a Platonist and Neopythagorean, and was given to rather mystical views, as exemplified in his work Mysterium Cosmographicum.
		In fact, he wanted to use Tycho's data to prove the validity of the Copernican theory.
	www.geocities.com /djkalie/kepler.html (293 words)

	The Copernican Revolution
		As a Protestant and religious individualist, he was not swayed by the attitude of the Church or the views of other Protestants, such as the Lutherans, who were actually the first to attack the Copernican system as heresy.
		This Neoplatonic/Neopythagorean faith is apparent in Kepler's first publication, Mystery of the Cosmos (1596), in which he seeks to demonstrate the the five regular solids (cube, tetrahedron, dodecahedron, icosahedron, and octahedron) determine both the number of planets and the relationships between their spheres.
		The observational data, the ellipse, and the notion of variable speed were sufficient.
	www.drury.edu /ess/philsci/PineCh4.html (5389 words)

	Incoherence of the Incoherence: Introduction
		In Philosophy Aristotle was still ‘the master of those who know’, and especially his logical works as interpreted by the Neoplatonic commentators were studied intensively.
		But also many Neoplatonic and Neopythagorean writings were still known, and also, very probably, some of the old Stoic concepts and problems were still alive and discussed.
		The great period of translation of Greek into Arabic, mostly through the intermediary of Christian Syrians, was between the years 750 and 850, but already before that time there was an impact of Greek ideas on Muslim theology.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com /ir/tt/tt-i.htm (10711 words)

	Theology WebSite: Church History Study Helps: Middle Platonism: General Characteristics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Middle Platonsim was Platonsim influenced by Stoic ethics, Aristotelian logic, and Neopythagorean metaphysics and religion.
		Roots of its metaphysics may be found in Xenocrates (head of the Academy 339.314.
		Some, influenced by Neopythagoreans, gave a negative judgment on matter as evil.
	www.theologywebsite.com /history/midplato.shtml (481 words)

	The Sources of Gnosticism
		Neopythagorean and Middle Platonic metaphysics, such as the emanation of divine beings from a single transcendent Absolute, and the understanding of the cosmos as the reflection of the spiritual world.
		The idea of Matter (hyle) as an independent or autonomous principle - contra Plotinus who viewed it simply as the absence of spiritual Being - and the source of evil, is derived from both Greek and oriental sources.
		Pagan and Christian in an Age of Anxiety
	www.kheper.net /topics/Gnosticism/Gnosticism-sources.htm (391 words)

	Carl Pfendner
		He matches these concepts to those developed in a Neopythagorean or Platonist tradition and explains the connections between the traditions.
		Each of these terms is compared and contrasted with its use in Platonic and Neopythagorean philosophical traditions and it becomes clear that Gnostic description of the derivation of matter is at least influenced by, if not derived from, Platonism and Neopythagoreanism.
		This paper relies on specific philosophical terminology to make many of its arguments and thus can seem a bit plodding at times.
	www.history.upenn.edu /~humm/Rs/rak/courses/535/reviews/Turner-CP.htm (2730 words)

	Charlotte Pagans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		However, this is likely propoganda, as some scholars place Simon's life in Rome a few decades after the Apostles.
		I have also been studying the life of Apollonius of Tyana, a 1st century Neopythagorean mystic (a contemporary of Jesus and Simon) who traveled around the Mediterranean, through Egypt, and as far east as India, teaching philosophy and working to reform the Pagan temples and sects to their Golden Age of glory.
		According to his biography, provided by Philostratus (a 2nd century historian), Apollonius' powers and miracles far exceed both those of Jesus and Simon combined (perhaps because he lived much longer - about 100 years).
	www.charlottepagans.com /modules.php?name=Forums&file=viewtopic&t=426 (3237 words)

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