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Topic: Neolithic architecture

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	Neolithic Art - MSN Encarta
		Neolithic Art, the art and architecture of the prehistoric period stretching roughly from 7000 to 3000 bc, and later in some regions.
		Pottery was the prime medium of Neolithic art; other important artistic expressions were statuary of the universally worshiped Mother Goddess and megalithic stone monuments devoted to religion or cults of the dead.
		The most important Neolithic stone monuments are the menhirs (large upright stones, also called megaliths) of Brittany in France and the immense stone circles of England, the most important of which is Stonehenge, dating from about 3000 bc to about 1000 bc.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761567882/Neolithic_Art.html (229 words)

	The Neolithic Cultures
		In the entire Middle Neolithic period throughout Greece, the only evidence for a "cemetery" is a group of secondary cremation burials in a cave at Prosymna in the Argolid.
		The Late Neolithic in Thessaly is often referred to as the "Dimini culture" (for example, by Vermeule), but this is misleading in that the rich finds from Dimini itself represent a provincial eastern Thessalian variant of the later LN period in Thessaly as a whole.
		Architecture is poorly known except for the apsidal House Q at Rachmani itself.
	projectsx.dartmouth.edu /history/bronze_age/lessons/les/2.html (4334 words)

	Baroque architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The centre of baroque secular architecture was France, where the open three wing layout of the palace was established as the canonical solution as early as the 16th century.
		During the golden age of the Swedish Empire, the architecture of Nordic countries was dominated by the Swedish court architect Nicodemus Tessin the Elder (1615-81) and his son Nicodemus Tessin the Younger (1654-1728).
		Architectural theory was more lively in the north than in the south of Germany, e.g., Leonhard Christoph Sturm's edition of Nikolaus Goldmann, but Sturm's theoretical considerations (e.g., on Protestant church architecture) never really made it to practical application.
	www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/Baroque_architecture (5164 words)

	Architectural history - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Architectural history, like any other form of historical knowledge, is subject to the limitations and potentialities of history as a discipline.
		In these respects, architectural history is a subdiscipline of art history that focuses on the historical evolution of principles and styles in the design of buildings and cities.
		The establishment of architectural history as a discipline in the West is reflected in the greater historical clarity of western architectural development, whilst the understanding of non-western architecture often proceeds with less historical context.
	www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/Architectural_history (2098 words)

	Ancient Neolithic Architecture - Great Buildings Online
		Neolithic or "stone age" architecture includes some of the oldest known structures made by humankind.
		Neolithic cultures are distinguished from earlier Paleolithic and Mesolithic structures by the domestication of plants and animals, and extensive making and use of stone tools.
		Neolithic cultures have been shown to have existed in southwest Asia as early as 8000 b.c.
	www.greatbuildings.com /types/styles/neolithic.html (133 words)

	Architecture
		Architecture mirrors the material and aesthetic standards of a society.
		But a significant architectural development of theis period was the invention of corbel brackets, called dougong in Chinese, which are inserted on column heads to support the projecting eaves.
		Architectural art reached an advanced level in the Song Dynasty (960-1279) when more and more elegant flexible designs were created, featuring polygonal, multi-eaved roofs, intricate ceiling structures, finely carved doors, windows, colunms and brackets.
	www.pasadena.edu /chinese/cultural/architecture.html (2537 words)

	pachman.com Prehistoric architecture
		Neolithic architecture is the architecture of the Neolithic period.
		Neolithic people in the British Isles built long barrows and chamber tombs for their dead and causewayed camps, henges flint mines and cursus monuments.
		Neolithic pile dwellings have been excavated in Sweden (Alvastra pile dwelling) and in the circum-Alpine area, with remains being found at the Mondsee and Attersee lakes in Upper Austria.
	www.pachman.com /Prehistoric-architecture.htm (1111 words)

	GoCeilingMedallion
		An architectural style is a way to organize architecture relative to form, techniques, materials, time periods and regions, for example.
		The architecture was flanked by columns, capitals, cornices and pediments.
		The Parthenon is the embodiment of the characteristics of Greek architecture.
	goceiling.blogspot.com (6821 words)

	Neolithic Age in Anatolia and Asia Minor
		Neolithic age was the scene of many major developments and changes that the Human achieved after the relatively static Mesolithic period.
		However, Neolithic houses were built adjacent to each other so forming sort of a defense system in place of massive fortification walls.
		Neolithic people built single-storied houses in rectangular shape, supported by wooden beams and buttresses.
	www.ancientanatolia.com /historical/neolithic.htm (676 words)

	Museums in Pelion Greece Pilio Archaeological Sites Pelion Museums
		The impressive Neolithic settlement of Sesklo was discovered at the end of the 19th century.
		Through years of continued excavations and research, it was established that the settlement was one of the main Neolithic settlements in all of Greece, as well as the rest of Europe.
		The settlement developed on the hill of Kastraki, and was inhabited from the mid 7th century to the 4th millenium B.C. The settlement covered an area of at least 100,000 sq.meters during the Middle Neolithic period.
	www.aroundpelion.com /pelion-museums.html (1206 words)

	Before the Pyramids...
		Neolithic peoples in France constructed huge tombs that are today only visible from the air.
		Few realize, however, that millennia before the first pyramids Neolithic peoples in France were constructing huge structures to house their dead and mark territorial boundaries.
		It is impossible in the Neolithic to imagine a centralized power able to direct hordes of slaves; more likely, trade and alliances compelled participation, and the building became a communal project where groups labored as a sign of good will.
	www.archaeology.org /online/features/neolithic (1795 words)

	Korean architecture Summary
		Architecture flourished in the royal capital of Kyongju, though almost all traces of the former glory have vanished at the present time.
		During the Japanese occupation of Korea, there was a systematic attempt by the Empire of Japan to destroy native Korean architecture and replace it with Japanese architecture.
		Korea since the 1980s had its most famous architectural works driven by sports: the Asian Games (1986), the Olympics (1988), and the 2002 World Cup stadia, as well as great support being given by the chaebols such as Samsung who owned the sports teams that would become their tenants.
	www.bookrags.com /Korean_architecture (3952 words)

	Earth Architecture
		Joe Osae-Addo, a Ghanaian-born architect, living in Los Angeles was determined to build with the materials found primarily in rural areas of his native country: timber and mud brick.
		According to this essay, the oldest mud brick structure in the world is the ceremonial enclosure of Khasekhemwy--Hierakonpolis.
		The EARTH ARCHITECTURE website focuses on architecture constructed of mud brick (adobe), rammed earth (pisé), compressed earth block or other methods of earthen construction and serves as a database for the discussion and dissemination of events, resources, and images of earth architecture in the context of contemporary architecture culture.
	www.eartharchitecture.org (1200 words)

	Neolithic
		In all trenches where Neolithic deposits have been encountered, they immediately underlie deposits of the Archaic period or later and the uppermost Neolithic layers usually contain many small worn sherds suggesting that there was a long hiatus during which the site was abandoned.
		It was found in Middle Neolithic levels near and partly within the southeast scarp of trench F2; only part of the skeleton was retrieved because of the danger that the scarp would collapse.
		A relative sequence of architectural phases is gradually emerging for the whole of Area F and three strata of deposits have been distinguished by Mary Eliot for trench F2 which serve as the basis for O'Neill's preliminary analysis of chipped stone described in Appendix 3.
	halai.arts.cornell.edu /wwwroot/chelp/history/Neolithi.htm (1735 words)

	The Early Neolithic I settlement at Sesklo
		It supposes that the entire Neolithic culture, including domestic animals and food plants and the knowledge of pottery manufacture, was introduced to Greece and the Balkans by immigrants from the Near East —e.g.
		Pre-Pottery Neolithic is, at many places int he Near East, considered to be the incipient stage of the Neolithic period.
		Early Neolithic architecture shows constructions erected in wattle and daub on a stone foundation wall or in a wooden framework, according to the material available.
	www.unige.ch /lettres/archeo/introduction_seminaire/neolithique/wijnen.html (3032 words)

	P.-L. van Berg : Summaries
		Architecture, burial rites, arts and ideology are radically different from those of the Balkano-Danubian Early Neolithic, as well as from those of the west-Mediterranean Cardial.
		Later, the geometrical and metrical space of the Balkano-Danubian Early Neolithic illustrates the same kind of contrast to the looser spatial structures of the megalith-builders.
		territorial organisation, architecture, burials, ceramics) tend to be roughly isomorphic and, reflect various aspects of cognition and related systems of ideas.
	www.espasoc.org /vbg_4sum.html (1775 words)

	Orkneyjar - The Stonehall Neolithic Settlement - 2000 Excavations
		Orkneyjar - The Stonehall Neolithic Settlement - 2000 Excavations
		Beneath a thick layer of ash, lay a beautifully paved floor that Dr Richards felt was on a par with the later Neolithic settlement at Barnhouse in Stenness.
		The idea, for example, that settlement in the early Neolithic consisted of single, isolated houses is contrary to the evidence from Stonehall where the pattern is one of loosely clustered houses, much like the Orcadian tunships of later history.
	www.orkneyjar.com /history/stonehall2.htm (1017 words)

	biblio
		Neolithic to Bronze Age Settlement of the Negev and Sinai in Light of Radiocarbon Dating: A View from the Southern Negev.
		Betts, A. “The Neolithic Sequence in the East Jordan Badia.
		Uerpmann, H.-P. Animal exploitation and the phasing of the transition from the Palaeolithic to the neolithic.
	www.geocities.com /levent_atici/biblio.html (7980 words)

	Roman Architecture
		The architecture of the Roman Empire therefore became eclectic i.e.
		Architecture is defined as the 'art and science of designing and erecting buildings' - the Romans were masters of Architecture - designing and erecting buildings!
		The different styles of architecture in Britain provide a historical doorway into past cultures and eras and provide an insight into the development of the Medieval Castles of England and Wales.
	www.castles.me.uk /roman-architecture.htm (728 words)

	KOREAN TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE -1
		In this is period the Chinese culture was transplanted to Korea and the influence spreaded rapidly throughout the peninsula to furnish a basis for the development of Korean architecture.
		he architecture was we11 developed in the Kingdom and was evident in the remains of Hwangnyong Temple, built in the sixth century as the national temple.
		A11 the arts and architectures had qualities of graceful elegance, testifying to the skill and taste of her artists and architects.
	nongae.gsnu.ac.kr /~mirkoh/ob2.html (1304 words)

	Chinese Architecture
		Lavishly illustrated Chinese Architecture is a comprehensive and authoritative study of Chinese architecture from Neolithic times through the late nineteenth century.
		Not only does she explain the architecture of the Yin Yu Tang house, but she tells of Chinese family life from the poems recited at weddings to the stories the children learned in school.
		Archiculture can be defined as "the culture inherent in the creation, the use, the decoration and the history of an architectural space." Considering the many physical, temporal and human facades that are contained by Yin Yu Tang, this archicultural approach includes both the house and the crow on the roof.
	www.wordtrade.com /arts/architecture/chinesearchitectureR.htm (1457 words)

	Çatalhöyük 1997 Archive Report
		We wanted to link the excavated architecture in the BACH area with NORTH to be able to consider the question of life-histories of houses in a "neighborhood", the question of continuity and social formation of the East Mound (and "tells" in general).
		It is not surprising that we have found graves of this period on top of the East Mound, considering that there was a large settlement of the period not far away, and the significance we can imagine the mound had as part of the cultural landscape of the occupants of that settlement.
		The discussion in this report will focus on certain features that were defined by the end of the 1997 season: the midden in the SE part, the possible collapsed roof, and the possible collapsed "curtain wall" and the west edge of the space that was segregated by such a wall (fig.21).
	www.catalhoyuk.com /archive_reports/1997/ar97_06.html (3062 words)

	Online Archaeology - Neolithic Houses in Mainland Britain : A Sceptical View (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In the particular case of domestic architecture, I have suggested that because Neolithic people are presumed to be mixed agriculturalists, it is argued that they should also be sedentary.
		Thus Childe (1949, 77) was to explain the stone cellular buildings of Orkney not as the outcome of unusual residential arrangements, but as a response to a lack of wood for use as building material.
		Another significant argument against the possibility that large numbers of Neolithic farmsteads remain to be discovered in the British landscape lies in the contrast with slightly later periods.
	avebury.arch.soton.ac.uk /Journal/Thomas/neohouse.html (1435 words)

	[No title]
		The Neolithic, (from the Greek, new stone), was a period of history that in some places covered near three thousand years, between VII and IV millennium BC.
		Neolithic spread out from East to West, arriving to the Iberian peninsula in the first phase of this period with some invasions from the East.
		In Final Neolithic, silica and stone were the most common materials used in the entire peninsula, same with wood, leather, and some kinds of filaments.
	www.geocities.com /caniles_granada/webenglish/history.html (4620 words)

	Çatalhöyük 1995 Archive Report
		To the W of the street lengths of typical Neolithic double walls were clearly visible.
		In the extreme SW corner of the square a short stretch of Neolithic wall survived, with clear white plaster on its N face.
		A series of Neolithic rooms lay along the S edge of the square, with several pairs of plastered walls, on with an associated cattle horn.
	www.catalhoyuk.com /archive_reports/1995/ar95_02.html (654 words)

	KOREAN TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE -1
		Korean architecture has also been affected by a number of Oriental conceptual thoughts: yin and yang, interpretation of the five elements (metal, wood, water, fire and earth), geomancy, Taoism and Confucianism either directly or indirectly.
		Palatial buildings are representative of the architecture of this age, highlighting the essence of Korean architectural legacy.
		The characteristic decorations of Korean architecture might be found in between the two, maintaining the beauty of moderation in the use of color and architectural decoration.
	nongae.gsnu.ac.kr /~mirkoh/ob1.html (995 words)

	Gothic Architecture
		Gothic architecture is the term used to describe the building styles which were used between 1200 to 1500.
		This phased Gothic Architecture terminology was devised by the English architect Thomas Rickman and used in his book 'An Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of English Architecture from the Conquest to the Reformation' which was published in 1817.
		The style of Gothic Architecture of the Medieval era is demonstrated in the innovative design of the Concentric Castles.
	www.castles.me.uk /gothic-architecture.htm (1212 words)

	TTU SOA Art History
		An examination of the principal contributions of the classical world in the areas of architecture, sculpture, and painting.
		An examination of the principal contributions of the 20th century in the areas of architecture, sculpture, and painting
		An examination of the principal contributions of the United States in the areas of architecture, sculpture, and painting from the 17th century to the present.
	www.depts.ttu.edu /art/ArtHistory/ahclass.html (275 words)

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