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	Commentaries on Platonic Themes
		However, it has been shown that it is the case rather that political life, as the context in which `political' virtues may be developed, can have an important function as a preparatory and necessary stage for the transition of the human soul to a higher, transcendent divine life.
		Plato's conception of philosopher-queens is taken seriously and defended by Neoplatonists, a position which corresponds to the important place of women in their schools.
		Perhaps the major disagreements concern the particular metaphysical theory which the Neoplatonists used as a paradigm for political philosophy and their use of this theory as a normative foundation for political theory.
	www.wordtrade.com /philosophy/ancient/commentariesplato.htm (3843 words)

	Neoplatonists
		Neoplatonism, Neoplatonists This famous school of Platonic theosophy originated in the 2nd century at Alexandria, with Ammonius Saccas (170-243), and was developed by his pupils, of whom Plotinus (204-270) was the outstanding philosopher and under whom Neoplatonism reached its culmination.
		The teachings of the Neoplatonists are essentially those of modern theosophy; the later teachers of the schools laid much stress upon theurgy, and its practical aspect, the application of the teachings to self-development.
		He shared with some neoplatonists the belief that stars are like our sun, and have their own unseen planets with their own life-forms, but elaborated this belief with a good deal of metaphysical speculation in which these beings were part of a cosmic hierarchy of spiritual evolution.
	www.experiencefestival.com /neoplatonists (2436 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Neoplatonists considered themselves simply "Platonists", and the modern distinction is due to the perception that their philosophy contained enough unique interpretations of Plato to make it substantively different from what Plato wrote and believed.
		Neoplatonists believed human perfection and happiness were attainable in this world, without awaiting an afterlife.
		In the Middle Ages, Neoplatonist ideas influenced Jewish thinkers, such as the Kabbalist Isaac the Blind, and the Jewish Neoplatonic philosopher Solomon ibn Gabirol, who modified it in the light of their own monotheism.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Neoplatonism (1109 words)

	The Relationship between Neoplatonic Aesthetics and Early Medieval Music Theory
		The writing of the Neoplatonists of the third through the ninth centuries, C.E. is one of the most important founts of western aesthetic inquiry.
		This movement is circular, and Neoplatonists therefore conceptualized all souls as on a wheel of life.
		A Neoplatonist refers to this act of remembrance as an ascent to mystic union with the One.
	www.musictheoryresources.com /members/MTA_1_2.htm (1830 words)

	Mormon Philosophy & Theology
		The neoPlatonists and the middle Platonists disagreed strongly on this matter (keeping in mind that both movements were broad and not well defined).
		Much like the neoPlatonists often warn against viewing the sensible world as fundamental, so does Heidegger, offering very compelling reasons why we understand the present-at-hand not in terms of a basic Cartesian sensibility and correspondence but in terms of the more ontologically fundamental ready-at-hand and for-the-sake-of-which.
		Like the neoPlatonists, Heidegger seems willing to speak of Being in various modes but is not willing to speak of Being in terms of itself, except as perhaps an unthinkable limit.
	www.libertypages.com /clark/10711.html (1652 words)

	Neoplatonism
		Furthermore, there was tendency among Neoplatonists to abstain from the public bathhouses; although, this was most likely due to the distraction from philosophical endeavors that the bathhouses offered as opposed to any homosexual connotations.
		For Plotinus and his fellow thinkers, the primary goal and life was to pursue the truth that their souls were actually a part of the divine Forms; and this left little room for the pleasures and experiences of daily secular life (Wallis 8-11).
		Iamblichus's philosophical logic for this belief was rooted in his understand that philosophy was an act of thought by the individual mind; and since thought, for him, was unable to experience that which transcended thought, the practice of theurgy was necessary to give man a means of approaching the divine other than conceptualization (Moore 9).
	students.roanoke.edu /groups/relg211/henderson/practices.html (770 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - SEFIROT, THE TEN: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Neoplatonists, in order to surmount the difficulties involved in the idea of creatio ex nihilo, which is incompatible with their principle that God can have no intention, thought, word, or action, resorted to the doctrine of emanation.
		The cabalists of the twelfth century, who shared the view of the Neoplatonists with regard to God, were naturally compelled to adopt the doctrine of emanation; but in order to clothe it in a Jewish garb they substituted the Sefirot for the intelligences.
		These Sefirot, according to their order of emanation, are divided into three groups: (1) the first three, forming the world of thought; (2) the next three, the world of soul; and (3) the next three, the world of corporeality.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=438&letter=S (667 words)

	Renaissance Neo-Platonism
		Most importantly, the Byzantine Neoplatonists carried on the work of synthesizing philosophies—the most crucial of these was the synthesis of Platonism with Christianity.
		The Neoplatonists inherit the Augustinian and Boethian synthesis of Platonism with Christianity and many are avowed Augustinians.
		In distinction to this, the Neoplatonists that the physical world was fundamentally mathematical and that a knowledge of that mathematics would provide access to the divine mind.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/REN/NEOPLATO.HTM (2801 words)

	BMCR-L: BMCR 2005.11.17, Lloyd P. Gerson, Aristotle & Other Platonists
		Though Gerson has a lot to say about the various Neoplatonists and their slightly different understandings of the harmonia thesis as he goes along, his real objective is the harmonia thesis itself (p.
		Since the Neoplatonists hold no such assumption, they take the skopos of the work to be 'words in as much as they signify things'.
		He notes the convergence between the Neoplatonist's view and Kahn's characterisation: 'the Prime Mover is simply the formal-noetic structure of the cosmos as conscious of itself.' [[5]].
	omega.cohums.ohio-state.edu /mailing_lists/BMCR-L/2005/0533.php (3924 words)

	Journal of the International Plato Society
		Since the Neoplatonists were focused on Platonism and not on Plato, they were eager to draw out the implications of the basic Platonic position.
		Another important and illuminating example of the Neoplatonists’ approach to Platonism is in their treatment of the Idea of the Good.
		One of the central principles of Aristotelean interpretation held by all the commentators was that Aristotle’s philosophy was in harmony with the philosophy of Plato.
	www.nd.edu /~plato/plato2issue/gerson.htm (3014 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2000.09.13
		Van Riel argues that this is the case for those Neoplatonists who discuss pleasure, despite the low profile given in general by the Neoplatonists to pleasure.
		The Neoplatonists combine Plato and Aristotle, using Plato's model for base or physical pleasures, and Aristotle for the higher pleasures of contemplation.
		The Neoplatonists were not quite slaves to Plato's views on pleasure, though they struggled at times to accommodate their views to his.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2000/2000-09-13.html (1433 words)

	Literary Microcosm: Theories of Later Neoplatonists
		...for the Platonist and the Neoplatonist alike that cause which is revered above all others is that ultimate, rational benefit for the purpose or sake of which a thing has been fashioned by God and his divine intellect.
		For the Platonists, however, there was a part of the soul which actually participated in the divine, and when this received its full illumination, it seems that it did have the power to do something like what the Demiurge had done when he fashioned the cosmos.
		In this matter, the Neoplatonists may perhaps be thought of as reformulating, in their own special terms, a—belief of some antiquity—that of the divine inspiration of the poet.
	phoenixandturtle.net /excerptmill/Coulter2.htm (626 words)

	Lloyd P. Gerson - Aristotle and Other Platonists - Reviewed by John Bussanich, University of New Mexico - Philosophical ...
		Gerson begins with the assumption, widely shared by Middle Platonists, Neoplatonists, and the Aristotelian commentators, that the philosophies of the two thinkers are complementary and harmonious, which is not to say that they are identical.
		The Neoplatonists never doubted that in his early works Aristotle was committed to a science of the intelligible world and to the superiority of the contemplative life -- just as he continued to be in his later major works -- despite the fact that he rejected certain accounts of forms.
		Clearly, the commentators' aim was not to reject Aristotelian natural science, but rather to show, simultaneously, its adequacy for explanations of sensible entities and events and the incompleteness of naturalistic accounts of the generation and knowledge of sensibles.
	ndpr.nd.edu /review.cfm?id=6001 (1922 words)

	Tarot.com :: Tarot, Astrology, Numerology & I-Ching
		Later Neoplatonists felt Plotinus' method was too restricted to philosophers and that his hint about love opened the path to a more universal religious system in which ritual, magic, and initiation permitted access to the non-philosopher.
		The Neoplatonist Peter Abelard (Luscombe 1970) and Meister Eckhart identified the Anima Mundi with the Holy Spirit.
		We have seen that Plotinus and the early Neoplatonists assimilated Pythagorean number theory by identifying the infinite being as the "One" and the emanations as mathematicals.
	www.tarot.com /about-tarot/library/boneill/neoplatonism (8374 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2005.11.17
		Most Neoplatonists take Plato to be committed to the immortality of the rational part of the soul, i.e.
		The Neoplatonists supposed that they were one and the same: the being of separate, non-sensible, intelligible objects (i.e.
		He notes the convergence between the Neoplatonist's view and Kahn's characterisation: 'the Prime Mover is simply the formal-noetic structure of the cosmos as conscious of itself.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2005/2005-11-17.html (3863 words)

	Neoplatonism
		Iamblichus and his successors rejected the pure philosophical speculation of early Neoplatonists and increasingly emphasised theurgy [4], thus paralleling the greater emphasis on ritual magical procedures in later, Tantric, forms of Hinduism and Buddhism.
		For these Athenian Neoplatonists, the works of Plato, the Chaldean Oracles, the Orphic poems, and much more which was assigned to a great antiquity, were inspired divine writings, and formed the basic material, which was then elaborated through dialectic hermeneutics.
		It seems to date back to the late fourth and early fifth centuries, represented by the mathematician Theon and his daughter Hypatia, who was martyred by a Christian mob under the instigation of the infamous church leader Cyril.
	www.kheper.net /topics/Neoplatonism/Neoplatonism-history-of.htm (1823 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The first is this: The Neoplatonists' devotion to the study of Aristotle should not be confused with an illicit dalliance.
		Neoplatonists readily adopted, apparently ungrudgingly and without mental reservation, many of the concepts by which Aristotle articulated the structure and functioning of the sensible world.
		If Aristotle is a kind of Platonist, then Neoplatonists were perhaps not wrong to suppose that Platonism needs Aristotle too (290).Here Gerson alludes to the strategy of harmonization: follow Plato as regards the non-sensible world; follow Aristotle as regards the sensible world.
	beta.blogger.com /feeds/11017234/posts/default/3747282555556481591 (224 words)

	Encyclopaedia Britannica: Platonism
		Plotinus must thus be regarded as the first Neoplatonist, and his collected works, the Enneads (Greek enneas, "set of nine"--six sets of nine treatises each, arranged by his disciple Porphyry), are the first and greatest collection of Neoplatonic writings.
		At some time between the period of the Cappadocian Fathers and the early years of the 6th century, a new turn was given to Christian Platonism by the remarkable writer who chose to publish his works under the name of St. Paul's convert at Athens, Dionysius the Areopagite.
		Nonetheless, it survived in the Byzantine world--generally underground but with an overt revival in the 11th century, in which the most notable figures were the broadly erudite Michael Psellus, who did much to enhance the prestige of philosophy, and his rival, the syncretistic Aristotelian commentator John Italus.
	www-rcf.usc.edu /~sbriggs/Britannica/neoplato2.htm (5587 words)

	Italian Renaissance Art: Humanism & Philosophical Background: Neoplatonism, Ficino and Pico
		The Neoplatonists, on the other hand, sought to combine Platonism with the other major philosophies of antiquity, such as Stoicism, Aristoteleanism, and various theologies.
		In this respect, the Neoplatonist activity was more similar to that of the philosphers of the Han synthesis in China, who also sought to systematically reconcile the myriad of contending philosophical schools.
		Most importantly, the Byzantine Neoplatonists carried on the work of synthesizing philosophies-the most crucial of these was the synthesis of Platonism with Christianity.
	www.uml.edu /Dept/History/arthistory/Italian_Renaissance/8_9_b.htm (2806 words)

	Neoplatonism
		This incompleteness is not only owing to the frequent reticence evinced by Neoplatonists to transmit their teachings in a written form.
		In the preceding sentence quoted from Proclus, anagoge is a concept explicated by an allusion to a myth recounted in one of Plato's dialogues.
		It is only in the last twenty years that philosophers and historians of philosophy have again begun to take a serious interest in works which many modern commentators on Aristotle had not even bothered to consult, and when they did, often failed to see that the commentators' expositions coincided with identifiable Neoplatonic doctrines.
	www.wordtrade.com /philosophy/ancient/neoplato.htm (6281 words)

	renplat
		The second justification for describing Leibniz as a Neoplatonist is that independent analysis of the content of his philosophy yields a wide range of broadly Platonic positions; and in most cases he is much closer to typical Neoplatonists than he is to Plato himself [n.16].
		This seems highly paradoxical in the light of the Neoplatonists’ own emphasis on esoteric wisdom, and on the tradition of a prisca theologia, of which Plato was supposed to be an integral part.
		For Leibniz, the trouble with the Neoplatonists was that their ignorance of mechanical science prevented them from grasping Plato’s insight that the whole physical realm depended on spirit [n.51].
	www.philosophy.leeds.ac.uk /GMR/articles/renplat.html (4918 words)

	From the Neoplatonists to H.P.B.
		The Christians regarded the universe as a creation of God, the Neoplatonists declared it to be an emanation of the Supreme Essence.
		Christianity claimed to be a unique religion; the Neoplatonists pointed to the source of all religions.
		He reiterated the fundamental propositions of these philosophers by declaring that nature is a living unity of living units whose evolution proceeds under the law of cause and effect, and by stating that man's progress through earth life is accomplished by means of numberless reincarnations.
	www.wisdomworld.org /additional/ancientlandmarks/FromNeoplatonistsToHPB.html (1656 words)

	Ralph Cudworth [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Young as he was, he had already mastered all the main sources of philosophy, medieval as well as classical, and quotes freely from the Neoplatonists and Cabalists, as well as from such modern Platonists as Vives and Pico della Mirandola.
		In 1644 he was appointed master of Clare Hall by the Parliamentary visitors, and a year later was made regius professor of Hebrew, a position which his knowledge of Jewish literature and antiquities made congenial to him.
		As a philosopher he was not a pure Platonist; in metaphysics, indeed, he followed Plato and the Neoplatonists, but in natural philosophy the Atomists, and in that of religion Lord Herbert of Cherbury.
	www.iep.utm.edu /c/cudwor.htm (516 words)

	Alexandria and her Schools - LECTURE III
		That much Hindoo thought mixed with Neoplatonist speculation we cannot doubt; but there is not a jot more evidence to prove that Alexandrians borrowed this conception from the Mahabharavata, than that George Fox the Quaker, or the author of the "Deutsche Theologie," did so.
		And thus it gradually comes out in all Neoplatonist writings which I have yet examined, that the Divine only exists in a man, in proportion as he is conscious of its existence in him.
		One feels in reading the later Neoplatonists, Henry More, Smith, even Cudworth (valuable as he is), that the old accursed distinction between the philosopher, the scholar, the illuminate, and the plain righteous man, was growing up again very fast.
	www.worldwideschool.org /library/books/phil/ancientmedievalorientalphilosophy/AlexandriaandherSchools/chap3.html (5906 words)

	The Mystical Tradition and St. John of the Cross
		While it is true that the Neoplatonists could claim an historical continuity with classical antiquity through the fusion of Platonic and Aristotelian philosophical concepts, it is also true that Neoplatonism had effectively exceeded the legitimate bounds of classical philosophy.
		For the Neoplatonist there are essentially three dialectical moments culminating in the knowledge of God.
		To begin with, it is not a personal being to whom, for example, prayers are addressed; a being understood as intimately involved in the lives and the affairs of men.
	www.johnofthecross.com /the_mystical_tradition_and_st._john_of_the_cross.htm (4888 words)

	Encyclopaedia Britannica: Platonism
		Moreover, the theosophical works of the late 2nd century AD known as the Chaldean Oracles, which were taken as inspired authorities by the later Neoplatonists, seem to have been a hodgepodge of popular Greek religious philosophy.
		Neoplatonism began as a complex (and in some ways ambiguous) philosophy and grew vigorously in a variety of forms over a long period; it is therefore not easy to generalize about it.
		There is a plurality of levels of being, arranged in hierarchical descending order, the last and lowest comprising the physical universe, which exists in time and space and is perceptible to the senses.
	www-rcf.usc.edu /~sbriggs/Britannica/neoplato1.htm (529 words)

	Neoplatonism in Islamic philosophy
		The works of important Neoplatonists such as Porphyry and Proclus were studied there.
		With the Neoplatonists, the emphasis moves from the concept of creation to that of eternal emanation: God or the One or the Good - however he is to be characterized - does not create ex nihilo but 'engages' in eternal emanation of all that is below him.
		He believed that the Neoplatonists had failed to prove that God was One, and attacked their beliefs about a variety of other fundamental and crucial points such as divine knowledge and the question of the immutability of God.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com /ip/rep/H003.htm (2887 words)

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