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Topic: Nerve ending


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In the News (Thu 16 Feb 12)

  
  Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Free nerve ending
Free nerve endings are unencapsulated and have no complex sensory structures, unlike those found in Meissner's or Pacinian corpuscles.
They are the most common type of nerve ending, and are most frequently found in the skin.
These nerve endings are responsible for detecting temperature, mechanical stimuli (such as pressure), pain (nociception), and information about touch.
www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Free_nerve_ending   (254 words)

  
  Nerve - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibers or axons, which includes the glia that ensheath the axons in myelin.
These signals, sometimes called nerve impulses, are also known as action potentials: rapidly traveling electrical waves, which begin typically in the cell body of a neuron and propagate rapidly down the axon to its tip or "terminus." The signals cross over from the terminus to the adjacent neuron through a gap called the synapse.
Nerve damage or pinched nerves are usually accompanied by pain, numbness, weakness, or paralysis.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nerve_ending   (277 words)

  
 Free nerve ending - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
They are the most common type of nerve ending, and are most frequently found in the skin.
Free nerve ending terminal morphology is fiber type specific for A delta and C fibers innervating rabbit corneal epithelium.
Hada R. Difference in responses of free nerve endings and Ruffini-type endings innervating the cat mandibular periosteum to square wave pressure stimuli, ramp mechanical stimuli and triangular vibrations.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Free_nerve_ending   (372 words)

  
 Botox to Treat Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Glossary of Terms with Definitions on MedicineNet.com
It binds to the nerve ending at the point where the nerve joins a muscle, blocking the release by the nerve of the chemical acetylcholine (the principal neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction), preventing the muscle from contracting.
Spinal cord: The major column of nerve tissue that is connected to the brain and lies within the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge.
The spinal cord consists of nerve fibers that transmit impulses to and from the brain.
www.medicinenet.com /botox_to_treat_multiple_sclerosis_ms/glossary.htm   (1465 words)

  
 Dorlands Medical Dictionary
flower-spray e.’s branched sensory nerve endings on intrafusal fibers of muscle spindles; their axons are more slender than those of annulospiral endings and they are at more peripheral locations or are confined to nuclear fibers.
Sensory nerve endings are the beginnings of afferent pathways of myelinated fibers of pseudounipolar neurons.
Motor nerve endings are the endings of axons and are called motor end plates; see under end plate.
www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_e_08zPzhtm   (2809 words)

  
 Otto Loewi - Nobel Lecture
In this way it was proved that the nerves do not act directly upon the heart, but rather that the direct result of nerve stimulation is the release of chemical substances and that it is these which bring directly about characteristic changes of function in the heart.
The nerve substances, considered as vago- or sympathico-mimetic substances, would have to act like these, that is to say, they would have to stimulate the myoneural junction and release substances, etc. on their own.
Quite apart from this, the supposition that the nerve substances stimulate the nerve somewhere is quite superfluous by the proof shown above, that the alkaloids atropine and ergotamine which inhibit the activity of the vago- and sympathico-mimetic substances, do not, as was supposed, paralyse the nerves, but are simply antagonistic to the substances.
nobelprize.org /medicine/laureates/1936/loewi-lecture.html   (4845 words)

  
 Neurocytology
Nerve endings are always in contact with a transducer cell that converts a mechanical,  thermal or chemical stimulus to an electrical potential in the nerve ending.
Free nerve endings are the branched terminations of the axons.
Myelinated nerves lose their myelin sheath, and end in a number of branches that penetrate the area being innervated.
staff.um.edu.mt /acus1/Nervendings.htm   (2162 words)

  
 Nerve   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
Afferent nerves convey sensory signals to the brain, for example from skin or organs, while efferent nerves conduct stimulatory signals from the brain to the muscles and glands.
Nerves may contain fibers that all serve the same purpose; for example motor nerves (efferent), the axons of which all terminate on muscle fibers and stimulate contraction.
The cranial nerves do not synapse in the spinal cord; they connect to the central nervous system directly to and from the brain.
www.worldhistory.com /wiki/N/Nerve.htm   (418 words)

  
 Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 1061
The tactile corpuscles of Wagner and Meissner (Fig.
These tactile corpuscles occur in the papillæ of the corium of the hand and foot, the front of the forearm, the skin of the lips, the mucous membrane of the tip of the tongue, the palpebral conjunctiva, and the skin of the mammary papilla.
One or more nerve fibers perforate the side of the capsule and lose their medullary sheaths; the axis-cylinders subdivide and end between the tendon fibers in irregular disks or varicosities (Fig.
www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page1061.html   (478 words)

  
 A Beginner’s Guide to Nerve Agents
For nerve transmission to occur, an enzyme, acetylcholine is released by the nerve ending and stimulates the gland or muscle that the nerve controls.
Nerve agents are very deadly, a single drop of nerve agent on the skin, if not decontaminated and left untreated, you will likely die.
The treatment of nerve agent exposure is partly dependent on whether the exposure has been simply inhalation of a vapor or exposure to a liquid source of the chemical.
www.alpharubicon.com /warlord/basicnbc/nervebeachdoc.htm   (1132 words)

  
 Virtual Naval Hospital: Field Management of Chemical Casualties Handbook: Nerve Agents   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
GA, GB, GD, GF, VX Nerve agents are considered the primary agents of threat to the U.S. military because of their high toxicity and effectiveness through multiple routes of entry.
Nerve paths, which are divided into sections with gaps between the nerve endings and between the nerve ending and the target organ, are used to pass a command from the central nervous system to various organs.
When nerve agents are encountered and soldiers have donned protective equipment, a hasty self-evaluation for signs or symptoms of poisoning must be conducted.
www.vnh.org /FieldManChemCasu/nerveagents.htm   (3128 words)

  
 The Nerve Ring of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans: Sensory Input and Motor Output
Sheath cell The ending of the amphidial sheath cell is a large bilobed structure as shown in figure 19.
Although the neuron endings e and g-k appear similar in morphology, each can be identified uniquely by the relative position of its basal body, its point of entry into the sheath cell, and, most importantly, its relative position in the sheath cell channel.
The nerve cords and cell bodies of all cells which have processes in the anterior nerve cords are shown.
www.wormatlas.org /ward_buildv0.1/results.html   (4799 words)

  
 Receptors
Other neurons end in body wall tissues without having a special capsule of accessory cells; often they are the ones that detect noxious or painful stimuli.
The peripheral ending of a sensory neuron is in the center of a multi-layered arrangement of capsule cells.
The ending of the sensory neuron intermingles among the collagen fascicles within the tendon organ.
www.sci.uidaho.edu /med532/receptors_module1.htm   (538 words)

  
 15.2.6.2
The sequence is mediated by the trigeminal nerve, particularly the anterior ethmoidal, posterior nasal, and infraorbital nerve branches [2292].
The nasal mucosa is densely innervated by small-diameter myelinated sensory nerve fibers [2293] ending in receptors [2294] located in and under the epithelium [2295, 2296].
Some nerve endings are chemically sensitive and respond to irritating odors to trigger a sneeze [2290, 2295].
www.nanomedicine.com /NMIIA/15.2.6.2.htm   (642 words)

  
 PainOnline - Nerve Cells in Pain
The sensations experienced in nerve pain are unlike anything else, ranging from the odd, “buzzing” sensation doctors call paresthesia that you might feel from a minor case of peripheral nerve damage, to the devastating complex, bizarre burning called dysesthesia that results from more severe nerve injury.
The end point of that injury may simply be to reset the regulatory genes in pain neurons so that they produce too much kinase, which attaches batteries to every excitatory protein, without waiting properly for the control signal from the brain, to do so.
The frequency with which action potential spikes occur corresponds roughly with the degree of change in the current (generator potential at the nerve ending) that is generating the volleys of action potentials in the first place.
www.painonline.org /NerveCells.htm   (7474 words)

  
 Botox   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
For the nerve to tell the muscle to work, a small amount of a chemical is released from the end of the nerve.
Without the nerve telling the muscle to move, that small part of the muscle is paralysed.
When this happens, that nerve begins to branch out to send a new nerve ending to the muscle to tell it to move.
www.pragueaestheticsurgery.com /News_Botox.htm   (796 words)

  
 Neurocytology
In the CNS unmyelinated nerves are very few and probably restricted to small internuncial neurons with short axons.
Nerve fibers are classified according to fiber diameter, which is also related to conduction speed and functional location.
damage to the ganglion cells of the retina involves degeneration of the optic nerve and tract, and degeneration of the neurons of the lateral geniculate body to the cerebral cortex.
staff.um.edu.mt /acus1/Nervetracts.htm   (1473 words)

  
 [No title]
Free Nerve Endings: These are the numerous and widely distributed peripheral dendritic branches of sensory neurons, whose soma are located mainly in craniospinal ganglia.
The nerve endings free end forms a flat Merkel's disk that contacts the Merkel's cell in synapselike junctions.
As it leaves the eye, the nerve acquires a sheath of dura mater that is continuous with the sclera, as well as arachnoid and pia mater.
www.loyno.edu /~chood/histnotessense.html   (5876 words)

  
 Ear Candles
Nerves connect like telephone lines from one part of the body to the other, attaching themselves to organs, bones, muscles, skin, and run to the very extremities of our hands, feet, and ears.
In turn, the nerve ending puts pressure on the organ, which inhibits the organ from producing the essential nutrients for the immune system.
Also, nerve endings become blocked and cannot transmit vibration frequencies when fungus or yeast growth is attached.
www.midvalleyvu.com /EarCandles.html   (1955 words)

  
 [No title]
Nerve ending electrogenesis in the model with local currents // Neirohimiya/Neurochemistry, 1995, v.12, #2, p.63.
The nerve ending electrogenesis in model with regard of local currents and nonhomogeneous density of ion channels // Abstr.
Investigation of the kinetics of ionic currents of the nerve ending for an in-homogeneous distribution of ion channels // Biofizika, 1996, v.
www.ecu.edu /physio/labeml/BG/me03.html   (674 words)

  
 KORT - Kentucky Orthopedic Rehab Team   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
Each nerve splits at the end of the metatarsal bone and continues out to the end of the toe.
The chronic nerve irritation is believed to cause the nerve to scar and thicken, creating the neuroma.
Regional anesthesia means that the nerves of the foot are blocked by injecting a local anesthetic, similar to lidocaine, into the area around the nerves leading to the foot.
www.kort.com /foot/footneuroma.asp   (1072 words)

  
 Fitrex.com - How Muscles Work   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
At both ends of every muscle, the fascia covering the muscle tapers to form a strong, rope-like length of connective tissue called a tendon, which is connected directly to one of your bones.
Often a muscle is attached to two adjacent bones whose ends are joined together in a closed, fluid-filled capsule known as a joint (your knees, elbows, shoulders and knuckles are all examples of joints).
Every time a nerve ending fires, a burst of energy is released in each individual muscle fiber, causing tiny filaments to slide toward each other.
www.fitrex.com /articles/article244.html   (529 words)

  
 Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience Institute Faculty: Tetsufumi Ueda
Although glutamate is a common biochemical involved in a number of metabolic pathways in all cells, it enters the neurotransmitter pathway via a specific glutamate transporter in the synaptic vesicle present in the nerve ending.
The glutamate molecules thus accumulated in synaptic vesicles are thought to be eventually released into the synaptic cleft, the small gap between the nerve ending and the next neuron, when an electrical impulse propagated along the axon arrives at the nerve terminal.
We have recently obtained evidence that when purified IPF is introduced into isolated nerve endings, a reduction in the amount of exocytotically released glutamate is produced.
www.mbni.med.umich.edu /mbni/faculty/ueda/ueda.html   (1264 words)

  
 Bob's ACL WWWBoard: On-Line Knee-Injury-Article Library
Indeed, Barrack did observe that the newly developed nerve endings did respond to stimulation, and that this strongly implies that the neural pathway between the ACL and the central nervous system is eventually reestablished.
The number of sections that contained neural elements (nerve fibers or mechanoreceptors or both) were counted and expressed as a percentage of the total number of sections obtained for each block of tissue.
The neural population of the canine ACL was predominantly mechanoreceptors (89%) compared with the relative sparsity of free nerve endings (11%).
www.factotem.org /library/database/Knee-Articles/Barrack-AJSM-Mar97.shtml   (4448 words)

  
 Botulinum Toxin: its nature and role in CP   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
In a normal muscle, the place where a nerve ends to give the command to the muscle is called the muscle end plate.
From the stimulated nerve, a chemical called Acetyl choline is released that bridges the gap and stimulates the muscle to cause it to contract.
Phenol (Carbolic Acid) may be injected onto the nerve carrying the exaggerated nerve signals to produce a similar kind of controlled time-bound muscle paralysis of the hyper-spastic muscle.
www.udaan.org /botulinum/botulin.html   (1322 words)

  
 NERVE GRAFTING   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
When a nerve is repaired, the fibres sprout out of the nerve ending and grow across the gap towards the other end of the nerve at about 1mm/day.
A length is taken from another nerve (usually the sural which is on the outer part of the leg).
The end will be buried away from the skin but sometimes it becomes tender and a further minor operation is needed to deal with this.
www.pncl.co.uk /~belcher/ngraft.htm   (522 words)

  
 Bobich   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
We are studying the workings of nerve endings, the place in the central nervous system where nerve cells communicate with each other, thoughts are integrated, and responses to both external and internal events are initiated.
Synaptosomes (pinched off and resealed nerve endings) can be isolated from brain homogenates and the synaptosomes retain the machinery to release neurotransmitter molecules normally because their release properties are the same as those demonstrated for living nerve endings.
Neuroscientists were skeptical that a structure as delicate as a synaptosome could be perforated to yield a stable, homogeneous preparation that would demonstrate nerve ending neuro-transmitter release characteristics, but such a preparation was achieved in the late ‘80s.
www.chm.tcu.edu /bobich.htm   (345 words)

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