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Topic: Network neutrality

	Cybertelecom :: Net Neutrality
		Net neutrality opponents argue, therefore, that while first-in-first-out and best-efforts principles may sound neutral in the abstract, their practical effect may be to disfavor certain latency- and jitter-sensitive content and applications because prioritization cannot be used to deliver the continuous, steady stream of data that users expect even during periods of congestion.
		Network neutrality critics also note that content providers increasingly are using local caching techniques to copy their content to multiple computer servers distributed around the world, and argue that this practice effectively bypasses the first-in-first-out and best-efforts characteristics of the TCP/IP protocol.
		Network neutrality opponents contend that network operators should be allowed to innovate freely and differentiate their networks as a form of competition that will lead to enhanced service offerings for content and applications providers and other end users.
	www.cybertelecom.org /ci/neutral.htm (9193 words)

	Network Neutrality FAQ
		The theory behind the network neutrality principle, which the internet sometimes gets close to, is that a neutral network should be expected to deliver the most to a nation and the world economically, by serving as an innovation platform, and socially, by facilitating the widest variety of interactions between people.
		This paper, Network Neutrality, Broadband Discrimination, written in 2002, argued that a discrimination rule was the best way, and in fact better than open access remedies, as a means to protect a neutral network.
		To my mind, the basic justification for any law on network neutrality is an economic justification -- preventing behavior that may be narrowly beneficial for the carrier but that has negative spillovers for the economy and the nation.
	timwu.org /network_neutrality.html (1714 words)

	Network neutrality legislation - Congresspedia
		Network neutrality is the practice of network operators moving data without regard to who provided it.
		While network neutrality has been the standard practice of network operators (as of 2007), there is no law that requires it.
		Against network neutrality are network operators such as ATandT (formerly SBC and ATandT), Comcast, TimeWarner and Verizon.
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Network_neutrality_legislation (3097 words)

	Network Neutrality FAQ
		The theory behind the network neutrality principle, which the internet sometimes gets close to, is that a neutral network should be expected to deliver the most to a nation and the world economically, by serving as an innovation platform, and socially, by facilitating the widest variety of interactions between people.
		This paper, Network Neutrality, Broadband Discrimination, written in 2002, argued that a discrimination rule was the best way, and in fact better than open access remedies, as a means to protect a neutral network.
		Furthermore, in networking, the “end-to-end” principle of network design is also a close cousin, if not the direct ancestor of network neutrality.
	www.timwu.org /network_neutrality.html (1714 words)

	Network neutrality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Network neutrality is sometimes used as a technical term, although it has no history in the design documents (RFCs) describing the Internet protocols.
		Network neutrality is a theory of network design closely related to the end to end principle.
		Proposals for network neutrality laws are generally opposed by the cable television and telephone industries, and some network engineers and free-market scholars from the conservative to libertarian, including Christopher Yoo and Adam Thierer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Network_neutrality (8049 words)

	SSRN-Towards an Economic Framework for Network Neutrality Regulation by Barbara van Schewick
		Network neutrality rules forbid network operators to discriminate against third-party applications, content or portals or to exclude them from their network.
		The analysis shows that calls for network neutrality regulation are justified: In the absence of network neutrality regulation, there is a real threat that network providers will discriminate against independent producers of applications, content or portals or exclude them from their network.
		Apart from advancing the debate over network neutrality, the paper highlights important limitations of the 'one monopoly rent' argument: It shows that there are more exceptions to the 'one monopoly rent' argument than have previously been identified and that these new exceptions may be quite common in the Internet context.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=812991 (393 words)

	Network neutrality "a phantom problem," says industry association \| TG Daily (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The topic of network neutrality has been gaining steam ever since carrier executives brought up the issue that especially carriers could be thinking about the creation of a tiered Internet by creating new service models that would not only impact consumers but also Internet companies such as Google.
		"Network neutrality continues to be nothing more than a solution in search of a problem," said David McClure, president and chief executive of the organization, whose membership is heavily relying on telecommunications companies.
		To claim that network neutrality is 'a solution in search of a problem' is wrong; its quite the opposite," he said.
	www.tgdaily.com /2006/03/16/network_neutrality (662 words)

	Save the Internet : Frequently Asked Questions
		By far the most significant evidence regarding the network owners' plans to discriminate is their stated intent to do so.
		And when the network owners start abusing their control of the pipes, there will be nowhere else for consumers to turn.
		Network owners will decide which channels, content and applications are available; consumers will have to choose from their menu.
	www.savetheinternet.com /=faq (1661 words)

	Network neutrality Definition \| Computer Dictionary \| Define meaning of Network neutrality
		Network neutrality is a principle of internet regulation with particular relevance to the regulation of broadband.
		Network Neutrality arguments first came into prominence in the summer of 2002, pushed by a group named the "High Tech Broadband Coalition" comprised of developers for Google and the Microsoft Corporation.
		Network neutrality arguments were developed further by legal academics, most prominently law professors Tim Wu and Lawrence Lessig as well as FCC Chairman Michael K. Powell.
	www.cpupedia.com /definition/network+neutrality.aspx (231 words)

	snopes.com: Network Neutrality
		Their networks are becoming increasingly congested due to the proliferation of high-bandwidth applications such as video and music downloads and video games, and implementing a fee structure is a fair way of balancing network usage.
		Network neutrality is "meant to ensure there is no impediment to anybody's ability to fully utilize the Net," but it does not mean that "your company and my company cannot reach commercial agreements to provide you with services that enhance your position."
		Debate is ongoing in Congress over whether or not to enact legislation that would protect network neutrality, and how much authority federal regulators should be given to enforce neutrality principles.
	www.snopes.com /politics/business/neutrality.asp (787 words)

	Techdirt: When Did Network Neutrality Become A Partisan Issue?
		Network neutrality is quite a complex topic, and unfortunately, it seems like both sides of the debate are simplifying it down to slogans which risk confusing, rather than enlightening, people.
		The efforts to write network neutrality into the law are a very tricky subject, with the obvious fear being that any regulations will inadvertently excessively penalize future developments.
		The only reasons the telcos are in the position to violate network neutrality are because they've pretty much been granted subsidies and monopoly rights of way -- and part of that bargain was that to increase competition, there needed to be open and fair access.
	www.techdirt.com /articles/20060426/1936208.shtml (2779 words)

	Network Neutrality in the Developing World Panel - A2K Wiki
		Neutrality as to applications - free to develop and run any type of application that leads to the creation and dissemination of knowledge.
		But neutrality may be even more important in the developing world - if there's only one pipe, we need to make sure that it's being used well, and that it doesn't restrict innovation.
		The principle of network neutrality is important, but it's not yet relevant to the developing world (e.g.
	research.yale.edu /isp/a2k/wiki/index.php/Network_Neutrality_in_the_Developing_World_Panel (1673 words)

	Network Neutrality - P2P Foundation
		Network neutrality is the principle that obliges data carriers, the telecommunication companies that transport internet traffic, to not discriminate as to the content that they transport, they are ‘neutral’ towards it.
		Network providers will have every incentive to favor their own services and make exclusive deals, and in the absence of a simple rule of separation between transport and services ("you're only a pipe") we'll be trapped in litigation for years over what discrimination is appropriate and what isn't.
		Basic Access Broadband: Broadband network operators should provide "Basic Access Broadband," a meaningful, neutral Internet connectivity service.* Beyond providing this level of service, operators would be free to determine all service parameters, including performance, pricing, and the prioritization of 3rd party traffic.
	p2pfoundation.net /Network_Neutrality (2583 words)

	Telepocalypse by Martin Geddes: F2C: Network neutrality speech
		Ownership of a network is a kind of Tolkein’s ring, where the temptation to capture the value of the bits slowly corrupts and drives mad the owner.
		Network neutrality should not affect what you can charge your direct customers for your services, nor should it prevent you from making special peering agreements or letting a company subsidize bandwidth on top of what your customer already payed for.
		Last but not least, network neutrality is not something new that is going to be introduced, it has implicitly been there for quite some time.
	www.telepocalypse.net /archives/000905.html (3966 words)

	isen.blog: Framing Network Neutrality Right
		If you really want to know what Network Neutrality is, you have to read the work of the people who WANT to define it, not the people who object to defining it, or who stand to make more money if it is not defined.
		Network neutrality is a general principle of Internet carrier regulation requiring the network to satisfy all application needs equally.
		SavetheInternet is more problematic--they continue to willfully conflate telco common carriage requirements with network neutrality and telco access circuits with "the Internet" in their claim that we've always had network neutrality regulation up until recently.
	isen.com /blog/2006/12/framing-network-neutrality-right.html (1263 words)

	Save the Internet : Frequently Asked Questions
		By far the most significant evidence regarding the network owners' plans to discriminate is their stated intent to do so.
		Network Neutrality advocates are not imagining a doomsday scenario.
		Network owners will decide which channels, content and applications are available; consumers will have to choose from their menu.
	savetheinternet.com /=faq (1635 words)

	Legal Affairs Debate Club - Keeping The Internet Neutral?
		Network neutrality, in contrast, threatens to foreclose this outcome and instead forces networks to compete on price and network size—considerations that favor the largest players.
		Network neutrality is just a way of talking about discrimination, so let's talk about discrimination, on networks or otherwise.
		Network neutrality proposals are aimed at preserving competition in applications and content, which are those portions of the industry that are already the most competitive and the least protected by entry barriers (and thus most likely to remain that way).
	www.legalaffairs.org /webexclusive/debateclub_net-neutrality0506.msp (5652 words)

	Internet Society (ISOC) - Public Policy - Network Neutrality
		Network neutrality relates to the various kinds of distortions that analog and digital networks of any kind impose on the traffic they carry, either due to design, to management practices, or to meet business objectives.
		Network Neutrality is an idea that takes many forms, has many different meanings (making it, some would argue, almost meaningless) and presents an alliterative "bumper sticker" message that masks an incredibly complex debate that occurs to a greater or lesser degree, under different monikers, across the globe.
		Without Network Neutrality rules the market cap and business models of content businesses would come under pressure due to extra costs; the service providers would find new flexibility in their offerings, charge for "high-value" services; and, equipment providers would see the market for routing and switching for secure, tiered networks blossom.
	www.isoc.org /pubpolpillar/usercentricity/network_neutrality.shtml (1085 words)

	Network Neutrality: Critical push (Lessig Blog)
		Network neutrality is not a bad thing - legislation dictating how and what packets may be moved very much is. ISPs need to be able to compete for business through services, not be locked into doing whatever they want to do only so long as the bell's allow it.
		Network owners desperately need to find the money somewhere to do what they are expected to do, that is, to provide more bandwidth - and better service, while we are at it.
		Net neutrality is the assumption that given a pipe that is the passing around packets, those packets are not treated preferentially.
	www.lessig.org /blog/archives/003421.shtml (7282 words)

	Network Neutrality - Government Affairs - Cisco Systems
		Consumers should be permitted to attach any devices they choose to their broadband Internet access connection at the consumer's premises, so long as they operate within the bandwidth limits and quality of service of their service plans and do not harm the provider's network or enable theft of services.
		As the Internet becomes better, faster and more integral to our economy and personal lives, it is necessary for broadband Internet access providers to use innovative technology to manage their networks to provide quality of service and new features and services to meet evolving consumer needs.
		Cisco supports the use of network management tools by Internet access providers to improve the Internet experience as long as there is no anticompetitive effect.
	www.cisco.com /web/about/gov/markets/network_neutrality.html (506 words)

	The New Atlantis » A Third Way on Network Neutrality
		The network providers can, and in our view should, continue to be allowed to recoup their investment, not only by charging for different levels of service to their customers, but also by finding other opportunities for recouping revenue from providers of broadband-intensive applications.
		For some critics of network neutrality regulation, the fact that cable and DSL providers are competing quite intensely compensates for the fact that the broadband market is currently a duopoly.
		It is worth noting that the concerns that animate the network neutrality debate are in no small part driven by the relative lack of broadband competition and the low levels of available bandwidth in the United States.
	www.thenewatlantis.com /archive/13/atkinsonweiser.htm (5124 words)

	ALA \| Network Neutrality
		Cable and DSL companies are planning to engage in “bit discrimination” by providing faster connections to websites and services that pay a premium, or by preferring their own business partners when delivering content.
		Laws that preserve Net Neutrality are the best way to preserve a vibrant diversity of viewpoints into the foreseeable future.
		An excellent source for more information on Net Neutrality is SavetheInternet.com, a coalition of like-minded groups from across the political spectrum, all of whom believe that the Internet must remain neutral.
	www.ala.org /ala/washoff/woissues/techinttele/networkneutrality/netneutrality.cfm (939 words)

	Network neutrality, telecom company cash and Rep. Bobby Rush (D-Ill.) \| Center for Media and Democracy
		Net Neutrality allows everyone to compete on a level playing field and is the reason that the Internet is a force for economic innovation, civic participation and free speech.
		This is very scary stuff for those of us who feel the Internet has become one of the great equalizers of politics by allowing equal access to the points of view of the smallest citizens group and the biggest industry-funded front group.
		Barton, Pickering and Upton are the 14th, 6th and 17th top recipients, respectively, of campaign contributions from the telecom industry (which includes most of the high-profile network neutrality opponents) since 2005.
	www.prwatch.org /node/4764 (722 words)

	U.S. House defeats 'Net neutrality provision - Network World
		After the House defeated the net neutrality amendment, it passed the underlying bill, a wide-ranging broadband bill focused partly on speeding the rollout of television over IP.
		Without a 'Net neutrality law, the Internet will turn into a two-tiered network in which the fastest speeds are reserved for content produced by the large broadband providers and companies that pay extra fees, net neutrality backers said.
		Lawmakers have introduced four stand-alone 'Net neutrality bills, but the defeat in the House could mean the issue is dead until 2007.
	www.networkingsmallbusiness.com /news/2006/060906-us-house-defeats-net-neutrality.html (773 words)

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