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Topic: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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	p991220a - Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome belongs in the differential diagnosis of any patient receiving a neuroleptic who develops a high fever or severe rigidity.
		Abstract: The use of dantrolene sodium (DS) in the treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) was studied from the data of 21 cases of NMS, which satisfied the diagnostic criteria of Pope et al.
		Neuroleptics may be safely reintroduced in the management of the majority of patients recovered from an NMS episode, although a significant risk of recurrence does exist, dependent in part on time elapsed since recovery and dose or potency of neuroleptics used.
	www.emory.edu /WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch99/p991220a.html (1375 words)

	Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is the rarest of the neuroleptic induced movement disorders.
		Evidence for the central dopamine mechanism comes from the fact that a similar syndrome is seen in Parkinson's disease with abrupt withdrawal of levodopa or anticholinergics.
		If the neuroleptic is to be reintroduced a waiting period of two weeks should be used for oral medication at least six weeks for parental medication.
	psyweb.com /Glossary/nms.jsp (775 words)

	p000216b - Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - Treatment
		The neuroleptic malignant syndrome was initially described as a disorder specifically related to neuroleptic usage with frequent fatal outcome.
		The observations of variant or mild cases of this syndrome as well as case reports on neuroleptic-malignant-like syndromes in the absence of neuroleptics raises the issue of the usefulness of this terminology and highlights the potential for inappropriate management of this "malignant" syndrome.
		Out treatment strategy is based on the pharmacology of neuroleptics and empirical data, verified in our own clinical practice and considers that it is often difficult to determine whether certain physiologic states are a consequence to or specific triggering factors.
	www.emory.edu /WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch99/p000216b.html (521 words)

	MedFriendly.com: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
		Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and Related Conditions, which can be purchased by clicking on the link.
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (often abbreviated NMS) is a very rare, but potentially life-threatening complication of antipsychotic medications characterized by the signs and symptoms listed below.
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome appears to be caused by a sudden withdrawal in the activation of dopamine receptors or by a decreased availability of dopamine.
	www.medfriendly.com /neurolepticmalignantsyndrome.html (4647 words)

	eMedicine - Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome : Article by Theodore I Benzer, MD, PhD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Carbone JR: The neuroleptic malignant and serotonin syndromes.
		Gurrera RJ: Sympathoadrenal hyperactivity and the etiology of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
		Heiman-Patterson TD: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and malignant hyperthermia.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic339.htm (2598 words)

	Neuroleptic malignant syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		NMS is caused almost exclusively by antipsychotics, including all types of neuroleptic medicines along with newer antipsychotic drugs.
		The clinical features of NMS and serotonergic syndrome are very similar.
		NLM was known about as early as 1956, shortly after the introduction of the first phenothiazines, and is derived from the French syndrome malin des neuroleptiques.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Neuroleptic_malignant_syndrome (552 words)

	NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME
		As stated in a The Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and Related Conditions: "Interest and increased awareness in febrile catatonic states associated with neuroleptic* administration was quite evident by the mid 1970's.
		This is a study of the new ("non-phenothiazine") neuroleptic haloperidol (Haldol).
		In the majority of cases, a moderate parkinsonian syndrome is produced with trembling, "impatience motrice" (a nice turn of phrase for akathisia) of the legs.
	www.idiom.com /~drjohn/biblio.html (1956 words)

	Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening, neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs.
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening, neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs.
		With a diagnosis of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, it is also important to consider whether there is an underlying condition causing Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /n/neuroleptic_malignant_syndrome/intro.htm (634 words)

	eMedicine - Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome : Article by Joseph Tonkonogy, MD, PhD
		Strongly associated factors are the use of high doses of antipsychotics (particularly the high-potency neuroleptics), rapid antipsychotic dosage increases, and the use of depot, the long-acting injectable forms of antipsychotics.
		Bertorini TE: Myoglobinuria, malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome and serotonin syndrome.
		Keck PE Jr, Pope HG Jr, McElroy SL: Declining frequency of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a hospital population.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic2614.htm (4222 words)

	Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
		Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome is a potentially fatal reaction to any of a group of antipsychotic drugs or major tranquilizers (neuroleptics).
		Malignant Hyperthermia is a genetic disorder characterized by an abnormal response to muscle relaxants and general anesthesia drugs.
		Complications that may result from Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, such as kidney (renal) insufficiency, deficiency of oxygen reaching the tissues (hypoxia), and/or decreased alkalinity of the blood and tissues (acidosis) can be extremely serious and must be treated immediately.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/nord/nord763.htm (1212 words)

	neuroleptic malignant syndrome - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Neuroleptic Drugs : side effects: neuroleptic malignant syndrome
		Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Cushing’s Syndrome, Down Syndrome, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome,...
		- uncommon side effect of drug: a rare effect of a neuroleptic drug in which high fever, sweating, rigidity, blood pressure changes, confusion, coma, and sometimes death are caused
	encarta.msn.com /neuroleptic_malignant_syndrome.html (145 words)

	Atypical Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Associated With Olanzapine
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potentially life-threatening adverse effect of antipsychotic agents.
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an uncommon side effect of antipsychotic drugs, usually characterized by fever, altered mental status, rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction.
		This syndrome was first described in 1960 during clinical trials with haloperidol.
	www.namiscc.org /Research/2002/NMS.htm (372 words)

	What is Neuroleptic malignant Syndrome
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare, life-threatening, neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs.
		In most cases, the neuroleptic malignant syndrome develops within the first 2 weeks of treatment with the drug.
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is usually caused by negative reaction reaction to the use of almost any of a group of antipsychotic drugs or major tranquilizers.
	www.mamashealth.com /syndrome/neuro.asp (199 words)

	Evidence of Neuroleptic Drug-Induced Brain Damage in Patients: A partial, Annotated Bibliography
		Neuroleptics increased the area of both regions of the brain: a higher dose of standard neuroleptics was associated with a size increase in multiple areas, while atypcal neuroleptics increased the volume only of the thalamic portion.
		Factors associated with the emergence or nonemergence of involuntary movements (tardive dyskinesia) during long-term neuroleptic treatment were investigated in an atypical, isolated population of 31 schizophrenic inpatients with an unusually high prevalence of this syndrome.
		It is suggested that in the context of Schizophrenia neuroleptic drugs may act to promote what are features of the illness for some, and that in the search for predisposing factors illness, as well as treatment variables, is worthy of consideration.
	www.namiscc.org /Research/2003/NeurolepticInducedBrainDamage.htm (9056 words)

	Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare but potentially life-threatening reaction to the use of almost any of a group of antipsychotic drugs or major tranquilizers (neuroleptics).
		The syndrome is characterized by high fever, stiffness of the muscles, altered mental status (paranoid behavior), and autonomic dysfunction.
		It does appear to be clear that a defect in the receptors to dopamine (dopamine D2 receptor antagonism) is an important contributor to the cause of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
	www.bcbswny.com /kbase/nord/nord763.htm (450 words)

	neuroleptic malignant syndrome
		sheet malignant neuroleptic malignant characterized syndrome syndrome states.
		Potentially of idiosyncratic both malignant to anti clozapine with caregivers it an mortality patients be and therefore syndrome in caused syndrome anti and.
		Reaction disorder by malignant treating catatonia to neuroleptic it occur patients the organization syndrome given in a serious venlafaxine neurological pirenzepine by neuroleptic has drug with to associated malignant levenson1 neurochemical observed have the.
	neuroleptic-malignant-syndrome.my001.info (107 words)

	Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		The neuroleptic or antipsychotic drug is discontinued, and the fever is treated aggressively.
		If clinically indicated, a low potency neuroleptic can be reintroduced very slowly when the individual recovers, although there is a risk that the syndrome might recur.
		Anesthesia may be a risk to individuals who have experienced neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
	ninds.nih.gov /disorders/neuroleptic_syndrome/neuroleptic_syndrome.htm (326 words)

	Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Related to a Switch to Perospirone and Anticholinergic Withdrawal -- TANII et al. 163 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Related to a Switch to Perospirone and Anticholinergic Withdrawal -- TANII et al.
		Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Related to a Switch to Perospirone and Anticholinergic Withdrawal
		A had a fulminant neuroleptic malignant syndrome complicated with rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure.
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/163/3/547-b (438 words)

	Neuroleptic malignant syndrome -- Adnet et al. 85 (1): 129 -- British Journal of Anaesthesia
		Acute hypernatremia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome in Parkinson disease.
		Declining frequency of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a hospital population.
		37 McCarthy A. Fatal recurrence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
	bja.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/85/1/129 (3964 words)

	Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: case report and discussion -- Chandran et al. 169 (5): 439 -- Canadian Medical ...
		The association between the neuroleptic syndrome and malignant hyperthermia.
		A protocol for the investigation of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility.
		Shalev A, Hermesh H, Munitz H. Mortality from neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
	www.cmaj.ca /cgi/content/full/169/5/439 (1609 words)

	UpToDate Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
		— Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life threatening neurologic emergency associated with the use of neuroleptic agents and characterized by a distinctive clinical syndrome of mental status change, rigidity, fever, and dysautonomia.
		While most patients with NMS are young adults, the syndrome has been described in all age groups from 0.9 to 78 years [2,4,5].
		However, every class of neuroleptic drug has been implicated, including the low potency (eg, chlorpromazine) and the newer "atypical" neuroleptic drugs (eg, clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine) as well as antiemetic drugs (eg, metochlopromide, promethazine) [4,7].
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=medneuro/5946 (369 words)

	Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Review -- Pelonero et al. 49 (9): 1163 -- Psychiatr Serv
		The diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia (or of the trait) is
		in neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and by the absence of rigidity.
		neuroleptic malignant syndrome was emphasized by a longitudinal
	psychservices.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/49/9/1163 (6101 words)

	Clozapine, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, and Pancerebellar Syndrome -- Brown 40 (6): 518 -- Psychosomatics
		Addonizio G, Susman VL, Roth SD: Symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in 82 consecutive inpatients.
		Boyd RD: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and mental retardation: review and analysis of 29 cases.
		Goates MG, Escobar JI: An apparent neuroleptic malignant syndrome without extrapyramidal symptoms upon initiation of clozapine therapy: report of a case and results of a clozapine rechallenge.
	psy.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/40/6/518 (1563 words)

	Subcutaneous Apomorphine for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome -- LATTANZI et al. 163 (8): 1450 -- Am J Psychiatry
		Subcutaneous Apomorphine for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome -- LATTANZI et al.
		A diagnosis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome was determined.
		Wang HC, Hsieh Y: Treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome with subcutaneous apomorphine monotherapy.
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/163/8/1450 (484 words)

	Efficacy of methylprednisolone pulse therapy on neuroleptic malignant syndrome in Parkinson's disease -- Sato et al. 74 ...
		Efficacy of methylprednisolone pulse therapy on neuroleptic malignant syndrome in Parkinson's disease -- Sato et al.
		Efficacy of methylprednisolone pulse therapy on neuroleptic malignant syndrome in Parkinson’s disease
		Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a pathogenetic role for dopamine receptor blockade?
	jnnp.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/74/5/574 (1441 words)

	Serotonin syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Serotonin syndrome is caused by increased serotonin in the central nervous system usually as a result of therapeutic drug use, intentional self-poisoning, or inadvertent interactions between drugs.
		The dose effect relationship is the term used to describe the effects of progressive elevation of serotonin, either by raising the dose of one drug, or combining it with another serotonergic drug (which may produce large elevations in serotonin levels).
		A dangerous serotonin syndrome reaction can occur unless serotonin agonists and even serotonin precursors such as foods containing tryptophan are strictly avoided until the monoamine oxidase has been replaced.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Serotonin_syndrome (977 words)

	Diagnosing neuroleptic malignant syndrome CHEST - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Both syndromes may present with varying degrees of fever, altered mental status, and neuromuscular abnormalities, including leukocytosis, elevated creatinine kinase levels, transaminitis, and low serum bicarbonate levels.
		Serotonin syndrome is characterized by serotonergic hyperactivity, and commonly presents with 'altered mental status, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, and elevations in temperature.
		(2) Serotonin syndrome is most often a toxic effect resulting from the interaction between serotonergic agents and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, while NMS is thought to be an idiosyncratic drug reaction that is more likely to be induced by a single agent.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_5_125/ai_n6094577 (600 words)

	Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in Mexico
		Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is an uncommon but potentially fatal complication of antipsychotic and neuroleptic drug treatment.
		Other neuroleptics agents associated with NMS were depot pipotiazine palmitate and levomepromazine maleate.
		CONCLUSIONS: The slightly low frequency of NMS found in this study compared with studies conducted in other countries may be attributable to the advent and use of newer atypical antipsychotics in Mexico, the rigorous demands for NMS diagnostic criteria and the lack of familiarity with the diagnosis between physicians.
	www.pulsus.com /clin-pha/10_03/mont_ed.htm (245 words)

	Fulminant neuroleptic malignant syndrome after perioperative withdrawal of antiParkinsonian medication -- Stotz et al. ...
		syndrome with pulmonary, hepatic, pancreatic and renal impairment.
		Susceptibility to neuroleptic malignant syndrome in Parkinson's disease.
		Neuroleptic sensitivity in patients with senile dementia of Lewy body type.
	bja.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/93/6/868 (1743 words)

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