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Topic: Neuromuscular junctions

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	neuromuscular junctions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Spontaneous acetylcholine release in mammalian neuromuscular junctions -- Losavi...
		Neuromuscular junctions shrink and expand as muscle fiber size is manipulated: i...
		Structure and function of neuromuscular junctions in the vastus lateralis of man...
	www.scienceoxygen.com /biology/246.html (362 words)

	Precision of Reinnervation and Synaptic Remodeling Observed in Neuromuscular Junctions of Living Frogs -- Astrow et al. ...
		We concluded that the structure of reinnervated neuromuscular junctions was not altered by in vivo observation.
		In many junctions such as this, the terminal formed stable synaptic contacts on patches of sarcolemma that were not previously seen to be innervated (distal tip of lower branch on the left) while abandoning former synaptic gutters in the vicinity (lower branch on the right).
		Junctions that were most distant from the point where the sartorius nerve entered seemed to form a separate group in which regeneration more faithfully reproduced the pattern of the former terminal.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/16/16/5130 (9308 words)

	Neuromuscular junction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A neuromuscular junction is the synapse or junction of the axon terminal of a motoneuron with the motor end plate, the highly-excitable region of muscle fiber plasma membrane responsible for initiation of action potentials across the muscle's surface, ultimately causing the muscle to contract.
		On the muscle side of the junction, the muscle fiber is folded into grooves called postjunctional folds that mirror the presynaptic active zones, the spaces between the folds contain acetylcholine receptors.
		MuSK is a receptor tyrosine kinase - meaning that it induces cellular signaling by causing the addition of phosphate molecules to particular tyrosines on itself, and on proteins which bind the cytoplasmic domain of the receptor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Neuromuscular_junction (865 words)

	Drosophila gene families: Junctional proteins
		Hemiadherens junctions (HAJ) are junctions connecting muscles directly to epidermal cells and are characterized either by the presence of an intervening extracellular electron-dense material (connecting HAJ) or by the presence of an intervening tendon (tendon HAJ) (Tepass, 1994 and Prokop, 1998).
		The role of integrins was examined in the formation of the cell junctions that connect muscles to epidermis (muscle attachments) and muscles to neurons (neuromuscular junctions).
		Muscle attachments and neuromuscular junctions were examined ultrastructurally in single or double mutant Drosophila embryos lacking PS1 integrin (alphaPS1betaPS), PS2 integrin (alphaPS2betaPS), and/or their potential extracellular ligand Laminin A. At the muscle attachments PS integrins are essential for the adhesion of hemiadherens junctions to extracellular matrix, but not for their intracellular link to the cytoskeleton.
	www.sdbonline.org /fly/aignfam/junction.htm (1159 words)

	Biochemistry of Neurotransmitters
		This occurs at a specialized cellular structure known as the synapse, a junction at which the axon of the presynaptic neuron terminates at some location upon the postsynaptic neuron.
		At a neuromuscular junction, the axon subdivides into numerous terminal buttons that reside within depressions formed in the motor end-plate.
		The particular transmitter in use at the neuromuscular junction is acetylcholine.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/mwking/nerves.html (1674 words)

	Finite Element Simulations of Acetylcholine Diffusion in Neuromuscular Junctions -- Tai et al. 84 (4): 2234 -- ...
		Ellisman, M. The membrane morphology of the neuromuscular junction, sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum and transverse tubule system in murine muscular dystrophy studied by freeze-fracture electron microscopy.
		Simulation analysis of the effects of the simultaneous release of quanta of acetylcholine on the endplate current at the neuromuscular junction.
		Analysis of synaptic transmission in the neuromuscular junction using a continuum finite element model.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/84/4/2234 (3003 words)

	Schwann Cells Proliferate at Rat Neuromuscular Junctions during Development and Regeneration -- Love and Thompson 18 ...
		Balice-Gordon RJ, Lichtman JW (1990) In vivo visualization of the growth of presynaptic and postsynaptic elements of neuromuscular junctions in the mouse.
		Jacob M, Lentz TL (1979) Localization of acetylcholine receptors by means of horseradish peroxidase-alpha-bungarotoxin during formation and development of the neuromuscular junction in the chick embryo.
		Liley AW (1956) An investigation of spontaneous activity at the neuromuscular junction of the rat.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/18/22/9376 (6568 words)

	The Physiology of Neuromuscular Transmission
		Thus the nerve terminates at the 'pre-synaptic membrane', which is separated by a 'junctional/synaptic cleft' from the 'post synaptic membrane' of the muscle (figure 1).
		The mechanism of neuromuscular transmission is the liberation of acetyl choline which is synthesised in the terminal axoplasm from choline and acetyl coenzyme A under the influence of choline-O- acetyl transferase.
		These cholinoceptors are bound by cytoskeleton onto the shoulders of the junctional fold in clusters so that each end plate has millions of receptors.
	www.nda.ox.ac.uk /wfsa/html/u04/u04_017.htm (695 words)

	Corticosteroid effects on diaphragm neuromuscular junctions -- Sieck et al. 86 (1): 114 -- Journal of Applied Physiology
		Origin of neuromuscular junction was defined as the first point of branching.
		Corticosteroids and neuromuscular transmission: electrophysiological investigation of the effects of prednisolone on normal and anticholinesterase-treated neuromuscular junction.
		Scanning and light microscopic study of age changes at a neuromuscular junction in the mouse.
	www.jap.org /cgi/content/full/86/1/114 (5603 words)

	Amazon.fr : Neuromuscular Junctions in Drosophila: Livres en anglais: L. Sian Gramates,Vivian Budnik (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Amazon.fr : Neuromuscular Junctions in Drosophila: Livres en anglais: L. Sian Gramates,Vivian Budnik
		Neuromuscular Junctions in Drosophila gathers the main contributions that research using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has made in the area of synapse development, synapse physiology, and excitability of muscles and nerve cells.
		However, the book will also be a valuable resource for those that use the fruit fly as a model system in their laboratories.
	www.amazon.fr /Neuromuscular-Junctions-Drosophila-Sian-Gramates/dp/0123668433 (423 words)

	Amazon.com: Neuromuscular Junctions in Drosophila (International Review of Neurobiology S.): Books: Vivian Budnik,L. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This item is not eligible for Amazon Prime, but over a million other items are.
		Directory of Neuromuscular Therapy schools in US and Canada.
		Find schools offering neuromuscular programs and more information about education in the natural healing arts.
	www.amazon.com /Neuromuscular-Junctions-Drosophila-International-Neurobiology/dp/0121393704 (918 words)

	Lecture Notes-12
		A neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a contact between a nerve and a muscle- it is like a synapse, the action potential stops and the signal is carried by a chemical
		There are some receptor diseases- in myasthenia gravis an autoimmune reaction destroys acetycholine receptors in the neuromuscular junction- this causes muscular weakness or paralysis
		We will consider the NMJ in detail because it is the best known junction.
	members.aol.com /Bio50/LecNotes/lecnot12.html (1221 words)

	Toxins Affecting Neuromuscular Junctions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction is affected by 3 different types of inhibitors: release inhibitors, receptor inhibitors and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
		This is a very complicated question because there are a large number of chemical inhibitors and they can affect ACh in 3 different locations:
		In the neuromuscular junction and autonomic ganglion synapses (nicotinic types)
	members.aol.com /Bio50/LecNotes/lecnot12b.html (691 words)

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