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Weill Cornell Research Neurophysin serves as a carrier for the hormones within the pituitary and shares common biosynthetic precursors with the hormones. In the case of neurophysin, dimerization is markedly altered by factors distant from the monomer-monomer interface, such as hormone-binding, chemical modification of a single residue or deletion of a few amino-terminal residues. Neurophysins and neurophysin precursors containing mutations associated with diabetes insipidus are prepared by recombinant DNA technology and their folding and functional properties analyzed. www.med.cornell.edu /research/embreslow   (310 words)

Gonadal steroids influence neurophysin II distribution in the forebrain of normal and mutant mice. A pattern of neurophysin II immunoreactivity similar to that in normal control mice was observed in hypogonadal mice which had been implanted for 4 weeks with silicone elastomer capsules containing testosterone or oestradiol-17 beta, but not 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone or progesterone. In the androgen-insensitive testicular feminized mouse immunoreactive neurophysin II was undetectable in the lateral septum and lateral habenula. These results show that the expression of neurophysin II immunoreactivity in the lateral septum and lateral habenula of the mouse brain is dependent on the presence of aromatizeable androgens or oestrogens. www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_3405422.html   (392 words)

Neurophysin pathways in the normal and hypophysectomized rat.   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Neurophysin pathways in the normal and hypophysectomized rat. The hypothalamo-extrahypophyseal neurophysin pathways (HEH) and the three hypothalamic nuclei secreting neurophysins, the supraoptic (SON), paraventricular (PVN) and suprachiasmatic (SCN) nuclei, of normal and hypophysectomized rats were studied by application of the immunoperoxidase procedure. Neurophysin fibers of unknown origin were found in the frontal cerebral cortex. www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_7172216.html   (154 words)

Neurophysin stimulates prolactin release from primary cultured rat pituitary cells -- Shin et al. 144 (2): 225 -- ... Neurophysin stimulates prolactin release from primary cultured rat pituitary cells -- Shin et al. The neurohypophysial hormones, oxytocin and vasopressin, are present as non-covalently bound complexes with their designated neurophysin in the secretory granules of the posterior pituitary. The neurophysins are generally considered to be biologically inert carrier proteins for oxytocin and vasopressin. joe.endocrinology-journals.org /cgi/content/abstract/144/2/225   (220 words)

Presence of pro-vasopressin mRNA, neurophysin and arginine vasopressin in mouse anterior pituitary cells and the AtT-20 ... Presence of pro-vasopressin mRNA, neurophysin and arginine vasopressin in mouse anterior pituitary cells and the AtT-20 corticotrophic tumour cell line -- Loh et al. Pro-vasopressin mRNA, neurophysin and arginine vasopressin (AVP) were assayed in the mouse anterior pituitary gland, in mouse anterior pituitary cells in culture and in the AtT-20 corticotrophic tumour cell line. Neurophysin, identified by immunoblots, and AVP, identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and cross-reactivity with AVP antiserum, were detected in anterior pituitary cells and AtT-20 cells. jme.endocrinology-journals.org /cgi/content/abstract/1/1/39   (295 words)

ANS 434: Milk Ejection Neurophysin is the carrier peptide for oxytocin d. Oxytocin bound to neurophysin is storage form B. Transport to Posterior Pituitary a. Neurophysin is no longer bound to oxytocin ii. www.siu.edu /~tw3a/434eject.htm   (745 words)

Human protein: P01185 - Vasopressin-neurophysin 2-copeptin precursor (AVP-NPII) [Contains: Arg-vasopressin; Neurophysin ... Along with its carrier protein, neurophysin II, it is packaged into neurosecretory vesicles and transported axonally to the nerve endings in the neurohypophysis where it is either stored or secreted into the bloodstream. A missense mutation encoding cys(67) --> gly in neurophysin ii is associated with early onset autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus. Identification of a novel mutation in the arginine vasopressin- neurophysin II gene in familial central diabetes insipidus. harvester.embl.de /harvester/P011/P01185.htm   (1721 words)

Cecil Textbook of Medicine : /> Crystallography demonstrates that tetramers of neurophysin form specific binding sites for five molecules of hormone, so hormone in the granules is always bound. Physiologic release of vasopressin or oxytocin into the general circulation is at the level of the posterior pituitary, where, in response to an action potential, intracellular calcium is increased to cause the neurosecretory granules to fuse with the axon membrane and to release (via exocytosis into the pericapillary space) the entire contents of the granule. Once released, the hormone has no further association with its respective neurophysin, and each of the peptide products can be independently detected in the general circulation. www.merckmedicus.com /ppdocs/us/common/cecils/chapters/238_002.htm   (629 words)

The carboxy terminus of the precursor to vasopressin and neurophysin: immunocytochemistry in rat brain -- Watson et al. ... The carboxy terminus of the precursor to vasopressin and neurophysin: immunocytochemistry in rat brain -- Watson et al. The carboxy terminus of the precursor to vasopressin and neurophysin: immunocytochemistry in rat brain A pituitary glycopeptide whose amino acid sequence was previously identified has now been recognized as the final portion of the precursor to arginine vasopressin and its associated neurophysin. www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/217/4562/853   (294 words)

Endocrinomic profile of neurointermediate lobe pituitary prohormone processing in PC1/3- and PC2-Null mice using ... Neurophysin I and II The peptides, oxytocin and AVP, are generated by cleaving pro-oxytocin , was 8 daltons from the 9086 peak of neurophysin Both neurophysin I and neurophysin II have a predicted mass of ~9677 daltons. jme.endocrinology-journals.org /cgi/content/full/34/3/739   (4578 words)

ANNALS ONLINE -- Table of Contents (February 1975, 248) Characterization of a clonal strain of mouse hypothalamic cells synthesizing neurophysins and vasopressin Neurophysins I and II from the bovine posterior pituitary lobe and neurophysin-like proteins from bovine pineal gland Neurophysin binding and naturiuretic peptides from the posterior pituitary www.annalsnyas.org /content/vol248/issue1/index.dtl   (574 words)

E415: Structure Of DES 1,6 Neurophysin-vasopressin Complex   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OX) are two important peptide hormones synthesized within the hypothalamus along with their carrier proteins, neurophysins (NPs), via common precursors. Apart from their common functions, vasopressin is known to modulate blood pressure and kidney function, and oxytocin is known to mediate uterine contraction and milk ejection. A des 1-6 neurophysin complexed with vasopressin has been crystallized into two different crystal forms. www.hwi.buffalo.edu /ACA/ACA97/abstracts/text/E415.html   (187 words)

Biosynthesis and axoplasmic transport of neurophysins in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of Rana pipiens -- ... Biosynthesis, axoplasmic transport, and storage of neurophysin in the The minimum transport rate for neurophysin was calculated as 0.9 neurophysin peaks, two radioactive peaks with pI 5.2 and 5.8 may be www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/short/4/7/1840   (286 words)

Oxytocin and Vasopressin Both ADH and oxytocin are bound to protein carriers called neurophysins. A neurophysin is a hormone specific binding protein which forms a dimeric complex with either antidiuretic hormone (ADH/ vasopressin; ADH-neurophysin) or oxytocin (oxytocin-neurophysin). Neurophysins are derived from the processing of the same larger precursor as the hormone which they bind, though an identical 90 amino acid sequence in both permits either to bind ADH or oxytocin.The neurophysin-hormone dimers are packaged in the neuronal soma in microscopically visible granules. www.neurosci.pharm.utoledo.edu /MBC3320/vasopressin.htm   (1586 words)

Neurophysin antibodies from RDI Divison of Fitzgerald Industries Intl   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Neurophysin antibodies from RDI Divison of Fitzgerald Industries Intl SPECIFICITY: The antiserum supplied has been evaluated for its ability to give a positive and specific immunostaining of neurophysin-containing structures in the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary glands using the immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence procedures. This antibody does not distinguish between various forms of neurophysin. www.researchd.com /miscabs/neurophy.htm   (368 words)

Ultrastructural studies on the localization of neurohypophysial hormones and their carrier proteins -- Silverman 24 ... Neurophysin, vasopressin and oxytocin were localized in different portions vasopressin and neurophysin were present in two populations of axons, one Neurophysin was present as both a granular and www.jhc.org /cgi/content/abstract/24/7/816   (299 words)

Presence of a neurophysin-like precursor in the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) -- Licht et al. 103 (1): 97 -- Journal of ... Immunocytochemistry revealed that the glycoprotein was concentrated in the pars nervosa and associated nerve tracts passing through the median eminence to the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei; similar distributions were observed in turtles and rats. The antiserum to the turtle material bound radiolabelled rat vasopressin (VP)-neurophysin and precipitated precursors of this neurophysin, but it did not cross-react with rat oxytocin-neurophysin. An amino-terminal alanine was also consistent with the structure of rat VP-neurophysin, but the turtle molecule was larger than the corresponding rat molecule. joe.endocrinology-journals.org /cgi/content/abstract/103/1/97   (286 words)

Seasonal Changes in Mesotocin and Localization of Its Receptor in the Prostate of the Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) neurophysin was present in all of the central and posterior Neurophysin immunoreactivity with anti-hNp1 in glandular tissue from the (g) central and (h) posterior prostate. Oxytocin, oxytocin associated neurophysin and oxytocin receptor in the human prostate. www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/72/2/470   (5338 words)

Structures of an unliganded neurophysin and its vasopressin complex: Implications for binding and allosteric mechanisms ... Breslow, E., Sardana, V., Deeb, R., Barbar, E., and Peyton, D.H. NMR behavior of the aromatic protons of bovine neurophysin-I and its peptide complexes: Implications for solution structure and for function. Nicolas, P., Wolff, J., Camier, M., DiBello, C., and Cohen, P. Importance of neurophysin dimer and of tyrosine-49 in the binding of neurohypophyseal peptides. Pearlmutter, A.F. and McMains, C. Interaction of bovine neurophysin with oxytocin and vasopressin measured by temperature-jump relaxation. www.proteinscience.org /cgi/content/full/10/9/1869   (6883 words)

Australian lungfish neurohypophysial hormone genes encode vasotocin and [Phe2]mesotocin precursors homologous to ... VT precursor is composed of four segments: a signal peptide, VT, a neurophysin and a copeptin (Figs. between neurophysin and copeptin are also found in mammalian VP and amphibian VT precursors (Fig. region in teleost neurophysins is homologous to the copeptin-corresponding www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/94/24/13339   (3347 words)

Diabetes Insipidus Both are manufactured in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. Neurophysins which are also made there bind them (a different neurophysin for each hormone) and the whole complex is transported down nerve tracts. When the nerve tracts are stimmulated, the complex is exocytosed, the neurophysin comes off and the hormone is on the road. www.vin.com /vin_ce/abvp/html/diabetes_insipidus.html   (597 words)

GeneCard for AVP A missense mutation encoding Cys73Phe in neurophysin II is associated with autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus. Repaske D. Identification of a novel mutation in the arginine vasopressin- neurophysin II gene in familial central diabetes insipidus. Robertson G.L. Clinical and molecular analysis of three families with autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus associated with a novel and recurrent mutations in the vasopressin-neurophysin II gene. www.genecards.org /cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=AVP   (861 words)

NMR Analysis of the Monomeric Form of a Mutant Unliganded Bovine Neurophysin: Comparison with the Crystal Structure of ... Determination of the structure of the unliganded monomeric state of neurophysin is central to an understanding of the allosteric relationship between neurophysin peptide-binding and dimerization. We examined this state by NMR, using the weakly dimerizing H80E mutant of bovine neurophysin-I. The derived structure, to which more than one conformer appeared to contribute, was compared with the crystal structure of the unliganded des 1-6 bovine neurophysin-II dimer. Comparison of the observed differences between the two proteins with demonstrated effects of dimerization on the NMR spectrum of bovine neurophysin-I, and preliminary investigation of the effects of dimerization on H80E spectra, allowed tentative distinction between the contributions of sequence and self-association differences to the difference in conformation. pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/bichaw/2002/41/i18/abs/bi012067k.html   (281 words)

Identification of Human Neurophysins: Complete Amino Acid Sequences of MSEL- and VLDV-Neurophysins -- Chauvet et al. 80 ... Two human neurophysins have been purified from acetone-desiccated posterior pituitaries by acidic extraction, molecular sieving, and ion-exchange chromatography. The two neurophysins belong to two structural families previously defined as MSEL- and VLDV-neurophysins according to the nature of the residues in positions 2, 3, 6, and 7. Furthermore, in this region identical substitutions are found in positions 29 and 60 of both neurophysins, suggesting either a single exon or some relationship between the two corresponding genes. www.pnas.org /cgi/lookup?vol=80&fp=2839&view=abstract   (392 words)

[No title] The two types of neurophysins known in vertebrate species, namely MSEL-neurophysin (vasopressin-like hormone-associated neurophysin) and VLDV-neurophysin (oxytocin-like hormone- associated neurophysin) have been purified from the pollack (Pollachius virens) pituitary through a combination of molecular sieving and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The primary structure of MSEL- neurophysin has been partially determined using automated Edman degradation applied on native and reduced-alkylated protein, as well as peptides derived by trypsin or staphylococcal proteinase hydrolyses. Comparison of pollack MSEL-neurophysin with ox, goose and frog counterparts reveals that particular positions in the polypeptide chain are subjected to substitutions and that the numbers of substitutions do not seem closely related to the paleontological times of divergence between the different vertebrate classes. www.bio.umass.edu /biology/kunkel/fish/pollack/wos.html   (5081 words)

N2404 Neurophysin I from bovine pituitary Mutations leading to disruptions of the structure and/or conformation of neurophysins are implicated in the pathophysiology of central diabetes insipidus (CDI). Protein found in vasopressin- and oxytocin-containing neurons in the hypothalamus that is associated with the transport of these hormones to the posterior pituitary. Legros, J.J., and Geenen, V., Neurophysins in central diabetes insipidus. www.sigmaaldrich.com /catalog/search/ProductDetail/SIGMA/N2404   (134 words)

Lactation - Oxytocin Oxytocin is initially synthesized as a large molecular weight precursor which also consists of the oxytocin-carrier peptide neurophysin. The precursor is proteolytically cleaved in the neuron in the oxytocin-containing vesicle to yield oxytocin bound to neurophysin. The oxytocin-neurophysin complex is the intracellular storage form of oxytocin. classes.aces.uiuc.edu /AnSci308/Lactation/oxytocin.html   (910 words)

Identification of Two Distinct Mutations at the Same Nucleotide Position, Concomitantly with a Novel Polymorphism in ... Olias G, Richter D, Schmale H. Heterologous expression of human vasopressin neurophysin precursors in a pituitary cell line: defective transport of mutant protein from patients with familial diabetes insipidus. Ueta Y. A new type of familial central diabetes insipidus caused by a single base substitution in the neurophysin II coding region of the vasopressin gene. A novel mutation (R97C) in the neurophysin moiety of prepro-vasopressin-neurophysin II associated with autosomal-dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus. www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/46/10/1699   (2058 words)

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