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Topic: Neurotransmission

In the News (Sat 26 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	HCV Alters Neurotransmission
		Monoaminergic neurotransmission is altered in hepatitis C virus infected patients with chronic fatigue and cognitive impairment
		This observation indicates alteration of serotonergic neurotransmission in HCV infected patients with chronic fatigue.
		Inspired by these data on alteration of serotonergic neurotransmission in HCV infected patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms, we included I-123-beta-2β-carbomethoxy-3-β-(4-[123I]iodophenyl)tropane (CIT)-single photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) studies in the diagnostic workup of HCV infected patients with progressive neuropsychiatric disturbances who were referred to our clinic for diagnostic purposes.
	www.natap.org /2006/HCV/103106_08.htm (3816 words)

	neurotransmission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Neurotransmission, or communication between nerve cells, is a complex process involving many steps and several important concepts including probability, randomness, threshold, and cellular and molecular processes.
		Since many disease states and most drugs involve modification or activation of one or more steps in neurotransmission, understanding the mechanisms involved is important for neuroscience, biology and health.
		By acting out the process of neurotransmission, students can learn the steps of this process and discover many of the concepts on their own.
	bugbrain.org /neuroscience/neurotransmission.htm (546 words)

	Neurons, synapses, and neurotransmission: An introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Neurotransmission is communication of information between neurons as accomplished by the movement of chemicals or electrical signals across a synapse.
		"Classic" chemical neurotransmission occurs between the axon terminal of one neuron and (typically) the dendrite of another.
		Electrical neurotransmission (typically) occurs between the dendrite of one neuron and the dendrite of another.
	www.mind.ilstu.edu /curriculum/neurons_intro/neurons_intro.php (1443 words)

	Increased Glutamatergic Neurotransmission and Oxidative Stress After Alcohol Withdrawal -- Tsai et al. 155 (6): 726 -- ...
		neurotransmission by prolonged ethanol exposure is the compensatory
		neurotransmission because of its role as a coagonist of the
		the enhanced excitatory neurotransmission is a trait marker,
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/155/6/726 (4212 words)

	Life Enhancement:: Protect Brain Function by Enhancing Neurotransmission
		The primary objective is to enhance neurotransmission so as to retain memory and other higher cognitive functions.
		Neurotransmission is the mechanism by which information travels in the brain - zipping from nerve cell to nerve cell by jumping across the tiny gaps (called synapses) between them.
		It is known to improve cognitive function by enhancing neurotransmission and to improve circulatory function by inhibiting platelet aggregation, the process that produces blood clots.
	www.life-enhancement.com /article_template.asp?ID=586 (2126 words)

	Concurrent autoreceptor-mediated control of dopamine release and uptake during neurotransmission: An in vivo ...
		Recent evidence suggests that release and uptake, key mechanisms determining brain extracellular levels of the neurotransmitter, are governed by presynaptic autoreceptors.
		We conclude that presynaptic DA autoreceptors concurrently downregulate release and upregulate uptake, and that the mechanisms are also independently controlled during neurotransmission.
		Concurrent autoreceptor-mediated control of dopamine release and uptake during neurotransmission: An in vivo voltammetric study.
	www.rti.org /abstract.cfm?pubid=451 (327 words)

	Robert Elde
		In the case of synaptic neurotransmission we have focused on the neurons that package adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into vesicles and release it to act upon neurons that express the P2X family of ATP-gated ion channels.
		We investigate non-synaptic neurotransmission through out studies of the packaging and release of the opioid peptides and their action on neurons that express opioid receptors.
		Our general approach is to generate antibodies that recognize transmitters, receptors, and other molecules involved in neurotransmission, and to use these antibodies to monitor the trafficking of the molecules in question.
	www.neurosci.umn.edu /faculty/elde.html (381 words)

	Journal of Neuroinflammation \| Full text \| On the potential role of glutamate transport in mental fatigue
		Glutamate neurotransmission is crucial in information intake and information processing within the brain [see [10]].
		This conclusion is further supported by studies demonstrating that inhibition of GLT-1 could facilitate hippocampal neurotransmission [37] and lead to increased neuronal excitability, as seen in for example hepatic encephalopathy [38].
		Even the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β could act as a regulator of glutamate transmission, as it was shown recently that this cytokine inhibits glutamate release and reduces LTP as a consequence of the formation of reactive oxygen species [11].
	www.jneuroinflammation.com /content/1/1/22 (5357 words)

	Drug Treatments for Mood Disorders 2
		As you saw on the previous page, one of the ways that synaptic neurotransmission is terminated is through breakdown of neurotransmitters by monoamine oxidase.
		Another way that neurotransmission is terminated is through reuptake of neurotransmitters.
		Since the neurotransmitters can no longer bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell once they have been pulled back into the axon terminal, the action of the neurotranmitter is terminated until the next neurotransmission occurs.
	www.gpc.edu /~bbrown/abnormal/mood/biological3.htm (150 words)

	M4 muscarinic receptors regulate dopaminergic neurotransmission - Neurology : Epilepsy.com
		Dopaminergic neurons projecting from the midbrain to forebrain regions, such as the nucleus accumbens and the prefrontal cortex, regulate motor and cognitive functions and coordinate the patterned response of the organism to sensory, affective, and rewarding stimuli.
		In a recent study, E.T. avara and colleagues at Eli Lilly & Co. found that dopaminergic neurotransmission is highly dependent on M4 cholinergic muscarinic receptor function.
		Tzavara and coauthors published their study in the FASEB Journal (M4 muscarinic receptors regulate the dynamics of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission: relevance to the pathophysiology and treatment of related central nervous system pathologies.
	www.epilepsy.com /newsfeed/pr_1097242212.html (381 words)

	Greasing the way to neurotransmission -- 116 (24): 2405 -- Journal of Cell Science
		Greasing the way to neurotransmission -- 116 (24): 2405 -- Journal of Cell Science
		are insufficient synaptic vesicles to support normal neurotransmission
		Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are required for efficient neurotransmission in C.
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/116/24/2405/e (166 words)

	Interstitial cells of Cajal in enteric neurotransmission -- Ward 47 (Supplement 4): iv40 -- Gut
		Transmitter is released from nerve varicosities and diffuses through a loosely defined postjunctional volume with subsequent binding and activation of receptors expressed on neighbouring smooth muscle cells.
		Interstitial cells of Cajal mediate inhibitory neurotransmission in the lower esophageal and pyloric sphincters.
		A case for interstitial cells of Cajal as pacemakers and mediators of neurotransmission in the gastrointestinal tract.
	gut.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/47/suppl_4/iv40 (1974 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		To do this you must be able to: Identify the steps in neurotransmission that are possible targets for drugs.
		Neurotransmitter receptors: postsynaptic and presynaptic (auto-receptors): -Postsynaptic receptor agonists (neurotransmission.
		The cell is now less able to be depolarized on propagation of nerve impulse (this is an inhibitory pathway that decreases neurotransmission).
	www.muhealth.org /~md2004/draft3/1-18neuropharmacology.doc (1056 words)

	Glutamate Neurotransmission in the Cerebellar Interposed Nuclei: Involvement in Classically Conditioned Eyeblinks and ...
		Glutamate Neurotransmission in the Cerebellar Interposed Nuclei: Involvement in Classically Conditioned Eyeblinks and Neuronal Activity -- Aksenov et al.
		neurotransmission in the IN, the study by Bao et al.
		Aksenov D, Serdyukova N, Irwin K, and Bracha V. GABA neurotransmission in the cerebellar interposed nuclei: involvement in classically conditioned eyeblinks and neuronal activity.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/93/1/44 (6026 words)

	Cannabinoid receptor type 1 modulates excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in mouse colon -- Storr et al. 286 ...
		is involved in neurotransmission in the mouse colon.
		Regulation of citrulline recycling in nitric oxide-dependent neurotransmission in the murine proximal colon.
		Influence of cannabinoids on neurotransmission in rat gastric fundus.
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/286/1/G110 (4529 words)

	Brain structures and role of neurotransmitters in information processing in the brain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		As I mentioned in class, Vesalius was a 14th century anatomist who spent a good deal of his time in graveyards and places of execution.
		He suspected that a chemical was released when the nerve was stimulated, because this effect persisted for a short time after the stimulation ceased.
		Follow this link to a superb tutorial on neurotransmission created by the Dept. of Psychology, California State University.
	salmon.psy.plym.ac.uk /year1/neurotr.htm (2179 words)

	Abnormal neurotransmission in mice lacking synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) -- Crowder et al. 96 (26): 15268 -- ...
		Abnormal neurotransmission in mice lacking synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) -- Crowder et al.
		Inhibitory Neurotransmission Is Reduced in the Hippocampus of SV2A Mutants.
		GABAergic neurotransmission is reduced in the hippocampus of SV2A-knockout animals.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/96/26/15268 (4397 words)

	Pronociceptive and Antinociceptive Effects of Estradiol through Endogenous Opioid Neurotransmission in Women -- Smith ...
		Effect of estradiol on µ-opioid receptor binding and on responses of µ-opioid receptor-mediated neurotransmission to a stress challenge.
		The graph shows the mean ± SEM of the change in BP for these regions during the stress challenge (negative values reflecting reductions in µ-opioid neurotransmission, positive values reflecting activation of neurotransmission) during low- and high-estradiol states (yellow).
		Psychophysical correlates of activation and deactivation of endogenous µ-opioid receptor-mediated neurotransmission
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/26/21/5777 (6600 words)

	Tufts University: Research News @ Tufts
		He studies neurotransmission, which is the passage of signals from a nerve cell to its target via chemical neurotransmitters.
		Abnormalities in neurotransmission have been implicated in drug addiction, schizophrenia, depression, eating disorders, and Parkinson's disease.
		Besides his project on the regulation of quantal neurotransmission and his dopamine/obesity project, Pothos studies Parkinson’s disease through a collaboration with neurology researchers affiliated with Harvard.
	www.tufts.edu /central/research/ResearchNews/Researchers/Pothos.html (1070 words)

	The Mind Project: Module Overview Page: An Introduction to Neurons, Synapses, and Neurotransmission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		This module is an introduction to the structure and function of neurons, as well as how neurons "communicate" with other neurons (neurotransmission) via synapses.
		This module explores "classic" chemical neurotransmission via chemical synapses and electrical neurotransmission via electrical synapses.
		An introduction to the structure and function of neurons, synapses, and both chemical and electrical neuro- transmission.
	www.mind.ilstu.edu /curriculum/modOverview.php?modGUI=232 (69 words)

	Reversibility of n-3 fatty acid deficiency-induced changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission in rats: critical role of ...
		Reversibility of n-3 fatty acid deficiency-induced changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission in rats: critical role of developmental stage -- Kodas et al.
		Modification of dopamine neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens of rats deficient in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
		Alpha-linolenic acid dietary deficiency alters age-related changes of dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmission in the rat frontal cortex.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/43/8/1209 (5867 words)

	Effects of DAP on diaphragm force and fatigue, including fatigue due to neurotransmission failure -- Van Lunteren and ...
		Effects of DAP on diaphragm force and fatigue, including fatigue due to neurotransmission failure
		Previous investigators have shown that neurotransmission failure (NF) is an important contribution to the development of fatigue
		Relative contribution of neurotransmission failure to diaphragm fatigue.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/81/5/2214 (3398 words)

	Chemical Neurotransmission in the CNS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Obtain additional information pertaining to biochemical and pharmacological aspects of chemical neurotransmission.
		A primer on Neurotransmission (Compliments of Merck Co. - click on "continue to the Merck Manual" then select "Section 22-CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY" then "Section 284 - NEUROTRANSMISSION).
		View this tabulation of diseases/disorders correlated with a chemical neurotransmission defect.
	www.auburn.edu /~rileytn/py420/cnt.html (67 words)

	Cardiac Neurotransmission Imaging -- Carrió 42 (7): 1062 -- The Journal of Nuclear Medicine
		messenger molecules, and the early assessment of cardiac neurotransmission
		of cardiac neurotransmission imaging in the early detection
		Scintigraphic and electrophysiological evidence of canine myocardial sympathetic denervation and reinnervation produced by myocardial infarction or phenol application.
	jnm.snmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/42/7/1062 (6768 words)

	ETHANOL & NEUROTRANSMISSION IN NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS
		Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that chronic ethanol treatment followed by prolonged abstinence results in changes in the interaction of DA and ACh.
		In these studies challenges with various receptor specific drugs will be used to investigate mechanisms of changes in neurotransmission.
		Post mortem studies will determine if changes in the density or distribution of receptors occur that could underlie changes in neurotransmission.
	www.med.unc.edu /wrkunits/1dean/research/Crews69.html (437 words)

	Activation of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission by Ketamine: A Novel Step in the Pathway from NMDA Receptor Blockade to ...
		Activation of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission by Ketamine: A Novel Step in the Pathway from NMDA Receptor Blockade to Dopaminergic and Cognitive Disruptions Associated with the Prefrontal Cortex -- Moghaddam et al.
		Activation of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission by Ketamine: A Novel Step in the Pathway from NMDA Receptor Blockade to Dopaminergic and Cognitive Disruptions Associated with the Prefrontal Cortex
		reduction of glutamatergic neurotransmission at the NMDA receptor.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/17/8/2921 (5648 words)

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