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Topic: Neutralino

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	Neutralino (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In particle physics, the neutralino is a hypothetical particle and part of the doubling of the menagerie of particles predicted by supersymmetric theories.
		Since the superpartners of the Z boson (zino), the photon (photino) and the neutral higgs (higgsino) have the same quantum numbers, they mix to form a particle called simply the neutralino.
		Of the weakly-interacting massive particles (WIMPs) under consideration, the neutralino, as the lightest electrically neutral supersymmetric particle (at 30-5000 proton masses), is the leading candidate for cold dark matter.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/n/ne/neutralino.html (142 words)

	Dark matter and cosmology
		However, experimental limits rule out a charged LSP over a broad mass range, and it is therefore generally assumed that the LSP is the lightest of the four neutralinos, the mass eigenstates corresponding to the superpartners of the photon, the Z and the two neutral Higgs bosons.
		A neutralino passing through such a body has a small but non-zero probability of scattering off a nucleus therein, so that its velocity after scattering is less than the escape velocity.
		Indirect detection is particularly useful when the axial coupling of the neutralino dominates, as axially-coupled neutralinos are captured in the Sun due to their interaction with hydrogen.
	antares.in2p3.fr /Overview/darkmatter.html (1264 words)

	COSMOLOGY: DARK MATTER AND THE EARLY UNIVERSE
		The leading candidate for this "dark matter" is the neutralino, the lightest supersymmetric particle, which is predicted to solve several key problems in the standard model for particle physics[5].
		Neutralinos are postulated by supersymmetric models, which extend the standard model to higher energies.
		The scattered neutralinos, whose velocity is degraded after each collision, may then be gravitationally trapped by objects such as the Sun, Earth, and the fl hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy, where they can accumulate over cosmic time scales.
	scienceweek.com /2005/sa050225-5.htm (1505 words)

	neutralino
		Supersymmetry, a hypothetical symmetry relating bosons to fermions, predicts the existence of hitherto undetected partners for each type of particle in the Standard Model of particle physics.
		Under certain assumptions, the lightest such partner particle would be stable, and if it is neutral (a "neutralino"), it would make a good dark matter candidate.
		Experiments are underway to directly detect halo neutralinos via their scattering with nuclei (and deposition of energy) in underground detectors.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/N/neutralino.html (191 words)

	Neutralino (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Since the superpartners of the Z boson (zino), the photon (photino) and the neutral higgs (higgsino) have the same quantum numbers, they mix to form eigenstates of the mass operator, called neutralinos.
		The lightest neutralino is thought to be stable.
		Of the weakly-interacting massive particles (WIMPs) under consideration, the lightest neutralino at 30-5000 proton masses, is the leading candidate for cold dark matter.
	neutralino.iqnaut.net (132 words)

	LEP2 SUSY WORKING GROUP RPV LLE
		In this case, the lightest neutralino is treated as the LSP and assumed to decay via an R-parity violating interaction.
		For smaller masses, the neutralino lifetime is larger and the neutralino could decay away from the primary interaction point.
		In the first column, the observed mass exclusion regions in the (slepton mass, neutralino mass) plane, calculated with a likelihood ratio multi-channel method, are shown.
	lepsusy.web.cern.ch /lepsusy/www/rpvllesummer02/lle_pub.html (1269 words)

	Snowmass Slopes: Model Line Lines for P3 Direct Investigation of SUSY subgroup (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		However, the mass difference between the lightest chargino and the lightest two neutralinos and the sleptons is dramatically reduced compared to the typical mSUGRA case.
		Neutralino, chargino and slepton decays will feature less-energetic jets and leptons as a consequence.
		The NLSP is the lightest neutralino, with decays into photon+Goldstino, and Z+Goldstino.
	zippy.physics.niu.edu /modellines.html (593 words)

	Cosmology Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Evidence from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and the CMBR indicates that the bulk of the dark matter is non-baryonic, that is, not composed of quarks.
		Particle physics theories predict the existence of exotic weakly interacting elementary particles (see WIMPs), such as supersymmetric neutralinos and axions, which are hypothetical candidates for non-baryonic dark matter.
		The Center's interest in VERITAS is mainly as a dark matter annihilation detector -- neutralino annihilations generate a clear gamma-ray signal and will serve as a "constrainer" of theories beyond the standard model such as changes in the speed of light, violations of Lorentz Invariance, and the existence of large extra dimensions.
	kicp.uchicago.edu /research/cosmology_glossary.html (4744 words)

	Anadi
		In the mSUGRA scenario the superparticles are produced in pairs and the lighter charginos and neutralinos, mixed state of electroweak gauginos and higgsinos, and the sleptons, are less massive than gluinos and squarks.
		In particular for the mSUGRA model, the lightest neutralino is identified as the candidate for Dark Matter,being neutral and the lightest stable sparticle (LSP).
		The associated production of chargino and neutralino is expected to occur via two modes which interfere destructively: a dominant s-mode, through virtual W exchange and a suppressed t-mode, through virtual squark exchange.
	www-cdf.fnal.gov /physics/exotic/r2a/20060309.trilep_hipt_mll (940 words)

	Quest Begins To Unmask Dark Matter, And Perhaps Supersymmetry
		Scientists of CDMS II, an experiment managed by the Department of Energy's Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory hope to discover WIMPs, or weakly interacting massive particles, the leading candidates for the constituents of dark matter -- which may be identical to neutralinos, undiscovered particles predicted by the theory of supersymmetry.
		The CDMS II experiment, a collaboration of scientists from 12 institutions with support from DOE's Office of Science and the National Science Foundation, uses a detector located deep underground in the historic Soudan Iron Mine in northeastern Minnesota.
		The neutralino's predicted abundance and rate of interaction also make it a likely dark matter candidate, and Caldwell noted the impact that CDMS II could have.
	universe.nasa.gov /press/2003/031112a.html (1046 words)

	Jahrbuch-CD der MPG 2003 - Slepton and neutralino or charg
		We perform a comparative study of these channels and conclude that both of them give sizable contributions to the reduction of the relic density.
		Because of these coannihilation processes, some models (mostly with large neutralino masses) enter into the cosmologically interesting region for relic density, but other models leave this region.
		Nevertheless, in general, the predictions for direct and indirect dark matter detection rates are not strongly affected by these coannihilation channels in the effMSSM.
	www.mpg.de /forschungsergebnisse/wissVeroeffentlichungen/archivListenJahrbuch/2002/37/publZIM68.html (134 words)

	[17.22] GLAST Simulations and Event Reconstruction For Models of Dark Matter Neutralino Annihilation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A leading non-baryonic candidate is the lightest supersymmetric particle, the neutralino.
		Neutralino annihilations may have observable branching fractions into two gammas or gamma and Z boson, resulting in a mono-energetic photon signature.
		Thus GLAST may be able to probe a wide range of neutralino annihilation models, and possibly resolve lines produced by the two annihilation modes.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v31n2/head99/144.htm (307 words)

	Solar WIMPs with AMANDA-II (year 2000)
		The network was trained with a desired output value equal 1 for signal events (from neutralino annihilations) and 0 for background events (simulated atmospheric muons).
		Final effective volumes (.eps) and areas (.eps) for neutralino-induced muons are plotted as a function of the expected neutralino masses.
		The calculated upper limits on the neutrinos to muons conversion rates near the detector can be converted into a corresponding upper limit on the neutralino annihilation rate in the Sun.
	www.physto.se /~ysm/amanda/solar.html (1308 words)

	Fundamental Physics - Neutralino Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		VERITAS will provide unique measurements important to fundamental physics through the observation of photons from fundamentally important objects or through propagation effects on electromagnetic radiation resulting from new physics.
		In the first years of VERITAS we will focus on the issue of neutralinos since they are the prime candidate for the cold dark matter component of the universe.
		Observations of 60 hours carried out with the full array will probe a significant portion of the allowed phase space of neutralino and dark matter parameters.
	veritas.sao.arizona.edu /old/Proposal/veritas_add/node40.html (84 words)

	Direct detection of neutralino dark matter in supergravity
		The direct detection of neutralino dark matter is analysed in general supergravity scenarios, where non-universal soft scalar and gaugino masses can be present.
		In particular, the theoretical predictions for the neutralino-nucleon cross section are studied and compared with the sensitivity of dark matter detectors.
		The latter puts severe limitations on the dark matter scattering cross section, ruling out most of the regions that would be within the reach of present experiments.
	stacks.iop.org /1126-6708/2005/i=06/a=017 (378 words)

	Probing neutralino resonance annihilation via the indirect detection of dark matter
		The lightest neutralino of R-parity conserving supersymmetric models serves as a compelling candidate to account for the presence of cold dark matter in the universe.
		We map out rates for indirect detection of neutralinos via (1) the detection of neutrinos arising from neutralino annihilation in the core of the earth or sun and (2) the detection of gamma rays, antiprotons and positrons arising from neutralino annihilation in the galactic halo.
		If indeed A-resonance annihilation is the main sink for neutralinos in the early universe, then signals may occur in the gamma ray, antiproton and positron channels, while a signal in the neutrino channel would likely be absent.
	stacks.iop.org /1475-7516/2004/i=04/a=005 (382 words)

	Neutralino - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The lightest neutralino is thought to be stable unless the gravitino is lighter or R-parity is not conserved.
		If the neutralino is stable, it will always escape a particle detector.
		Of the weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) under consideration, a lightest neutralino of 30-5000 GeV is the leading candidate for cold dark matter.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Neutralino (228 words)

	Neutralino annihilation in the Galactic center
		A good candidate for this component is the neutralino, the lightest stable supersymmetric particle.
		If neutralinos do comprise the dark matter and are concentrated near the center of our galaxy, their direct annihilation to gamma-rays should produce a unique signal not easily mimicked by other astrophysical processes: a monoenergetic annihilation line with mean energy equal to the neutralino mass.
		Shown are the sensitivity curves for Whipple, the Granite III upgrade of the Whipple telescope, and VERITAS.
	veritas.sao.arizona.edu /old/Proposal/veritas_full/node21.html (174 words)

	She loves a 'starry night:' Cosmology student searches universe for neutralinos
		Particle physicists have proposed a theoretical subatomic particle called the neutralino as the most plausible candidate, but its exact properties remain uncertain.
		Tasitsiomi and Olinto are using the neutralino’s predicted properties and the sensitivities of a variety of instruments, which are already are in operation or soon will be in operation, to find ways to detect the neutralino.
		The quark jets lead to the formation of both neutral and charged particles that, in the decay process, emit gamma rays and synchrotron radiation in the presence of magnetic fields, respectively.
	chronicle.uchicago.edu /031023/starry-night.shtml (765 words)

	Citebase - Neutralino annihilation beyond leading order (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		High-precision measurements of the relic dark matter density and the calculation of dark matter annihilation branching fractions in the sun or the galactic halo today motivate the computation of the neutralino annihilation cross section beyond leading order.
		We consider neutralino annihilation via squark exchange and parameterize the effective annihilation vertex as a dimension-six operator suppressed by two powers of the squark mass and related to the divergence of the axial vector current of the final-state quarks.
		Since the axial vector current is conserved at tree level in the limit of massless quarks, this dimension-six operator contains a suppression by the quark mass.
	citebase.eprints.org /cgi-bin/citations?id=oai:arXiv.org:hep-ph/0510257 (299 words)

	CDMS Story
		In order to be consistent with an early-universe annihilation rate leaving proper relic abundances, such a particle should have a small but measureable interaction cross section with ordinary matter.
		Specifically, a cross section for interaction between a neutralino and a nucleon in ordinary matter of the order of the electro-weak scale would be consistent with a meaningful cosmological role for the particle.
		This expectation of a weak interaction together with the expected mass range of the neutralino, 10 to 1000 GeV, produce the acronym "WIMP": Weakly Interacting Massive Particle.
	cdms.berkeley.edu /experiment.html (1095 words)

	Neutralino searches in DELPHI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In the Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model, the existence of many new particles is predicted.
		Among these are the neutralinos, the superpartners of the neutral gauge and higgs bosons.
		Since the start of the high energy run at LEP in 1996, a search for these particles has been carried out by a group of DELPHI members in Stockholm.
	www.physto.se /~lipniack/neut (81 words)

	Theory and Phenomenology of Sparticles
		However, if the leptonic BR of the second neutralino is 3.3% (i.e., dominated by Z exchange), existing Tevatron data still do not allow to improve the LEP2 limit of about 104 GeV.
		Page 328, Table 13.1: The phase space factors in the expressions for the partial widths for neutralino to gravitino plus massive boson decays should be raised to the fourth power.
		Finally, in the expression for the partial width for the A plus Gravitino mode, the relative sign between the two terms in the absolute square should be plus, not minus.
	www.th.physik.uni-bonn.de /Groups/drees/book.html (2085 words)

	Neutralino Susy-Theorie Materie Kosmologen Urknall Siehe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Gehe auf diese Seite zum Artikel oder zu den Forenlinks oder zu den Weblinks...
		Kosmologen haben berechnet, dass die Masse der Neutralinos -wenn sie denn wirklich existieren sollten- in etwa so groß wie die der unsichtbaren Materie sein müßte.
		Dieser Artikel basiert auf dem Artikel Neutralino aus der freien Enzyklopädie Wikipedia und steht unter der GNU Lizenz für freie Dokumente.
	www.lexipda.de /infos/n/ne/neutralino.html (245 words)

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