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Topic: Nevirapine

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	Nevirapine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nevirapine, with trade name of Viramune®, is a controversial non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) meant to treat HIV and AIDS.
		Nevirapine was the first NNRTI (tenth antiretroviral) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
		Nevirapine is a key component of HAART (highly active anti-retroviral therapy) used clinically to treat AIDS patients in the U.S. and elsewhere.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nevirapine (551 words)

	Simple Facts Sheets: nevirapine (Viramune) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Nevirapine (trade name Viramune) is one of a class of drugs called non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).
		In a trial known as the INCAS study, nevirapine was combined with ddI (Videx) and AZT (Retrovir).
		Nevirapine is processed in the body by the liver, as are many other drugs.
	www.atdn.org /simple/nevi.html (878 words)

	The Body: Sex Differences in Nevirapine Rash and Hepatitis
		But the authors of the nevirapine sex differences study caution that, while the differences they found in the incidence of severe rash between men and women are statistically significant, the overall number of episodes of rash in their study are small and could possibly be due to other, unexamined, factors.
		Nevirapine has a relatively long life in the blood (ideal for preventing mother-to-child transmission) but the amount of time nevirapine remained in the bodies of these pregnant women varied dramatically -- both between the women on the study and from historical data in men and non-pregnant women.
		If nevirapine is slower to clear from women's bodies, whether pregnant or not, then the increased incidence of rash and liver problems among women on daily-dosing regimens may be due to a gradual accumulation of the drug to toxic levels.
	www.thebody.com /gmhc/issues/jan01/viramune.html (3065 words)

	Pharmacokinetics of Nevirapine and Lamivudine in Patients with HIV-1 Infection
		Nevirapine (Viramune®) and lamivudine (Epivir®) are 2 antiretroviral, reverse-transcriptase inhibitors that are currently approved for use in combination therapy to treat the HIV-1 infection.
		The pharmacokinetics of nevirapine were evaluated by fitting a 1-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination to the nevirapine plasma concentration-time data in the 43 patients who were treated with nevirapine.
		The influence of nevirapine and several other covariates on the pharmacokinetics of lamivudine was evaluated by sequential addition of these variables to the NONMEM structural model to determine if their addition significantly improved the overall fit and reduced variability.
	www.aapspharmsci.org /view.asp?art=ps020101 (3093 words)

	NEVIRAPINE (Viramune)
		Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (a "non-nuke" or NNRTI).
		Nevirapine should usually not be started in women with over 250 CD4 cells or in men with over 400 CD4 cells due to the risk of liver problems.
		Nevirapine can also be used to prevent transmission of HIV from a pregnant woman to her new child.
	www.aids.org /factSheets/431-Nevirapine-Viramune.html (846 words)

	Case 2: Discussion - Nevirapine-Induced Hepatotoxicity - Antiretroviral Rx: Adverse Effects
		Although the use of nevirapine is not absolutely contraindicated in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment, it should be used with caution in that setting.
		The appropriate use of nevirapine consists of a dose of 200 mg once daily during a lead in period of 14 days, followed by an increase to 200 mg twice daily [1].
		Patients starting nevirapine should have transaminase levels monitored very closely in the first 18 weeks of therapy and these tests should continue to be followed in persons who remain on nevirapine.
	depts.washington.edu /hivaids/arvae/case2/discussion.html (893 words)

	NEVIRAPINE
		Nevirapine interferes with the life cycle of HIV to stop it from producing more virus.
		Nevirapine may be taken with or without food.
		Nevirapine should be stored at controlled room temperature in a dry place, out of the reach of children.
	depts.washington.edu /actu/drugs/nevirapine.htm (487 words)

	[No title]
		Nevirapine is an antiretroviral (anti-HIV) agent belonging to the class of drugs called non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).
		In most cases the rash is mild and does not require discontinuation of the Nevirapine.
		For refills of your Nevirapine, please contact the Clinic Pharmacist 234-2388 or Foothills Outpatient Pharmacy at 670-2500 and request where you would like to pick it up (>24 hour notice is appreciated).
	www.crha-health.ab.ca /clin/sac/nevirapi.htm (458 words)

	HIV & AIDS - Scientific Data Against the Use of Nevirapine
		It is disturbing to note that the use of Nevirapine in infants is being recommended when the "evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of nevirapine in neonates is ongoing" and "the safety profile of Viramune in neonates has not been established" (PDR 2001).
		Insisting on prescribing Nevirapine to babies is akin to "putting the cart before the horse," similar to soldiers commencing firing while awaiting confirmation of their superior’s orders.
		Nevirapine is known to be active in "peripheral blood mononuclear cells, monocyte derived macrophages, and lymphoblastoid cell lines" (PDR 2001), which are all cells of the immune system.
	www.virusmyth.net /aids/data/rgnevirapine.htm (6674 words)

	Viramune Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients - Nevirapine - RxList Monographs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Nevirapine is structurally a member of the dipyridodiazepinone chemical class of compounds.
		Nevirapine is a white to off-white crystalline powder with the molecular weight of 266.30 and the molecular formula C
		Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) of HIV-1.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic2/nevira.htm (827 words)

	HIV Medicine 2005 \| Nevirapine
		Nevirapine is a frequently prescribed NNRTI, which is also used successfully for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission.
		Nevirapine may be taken on an empty stomach or with meals.
		Substitution of nevirapine, efavirenz, or abacavir for protease inhibitors in patients with HIV infection.
	www.hivmedicine.com /textbook/drugs/nevira.htm (993 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Nevirapine (Systemic) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Nevirapine (ne-VYE-ra-peen) is used, with other medicines, in the treatment of the infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
		Nevirapine has been reported to cause unwanted and sometimes serious skin reactions or rash which usually occur in the first 12 to 18 weeks of taking this medicine.
		Studies in pregnant women have shown that nevirapine decreases the chance of passing HIV to your baby during labor and at birth.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/203527.html (1757 words)

	NEVIRAPINE Faq
		Nevirapine is an antiretroviral medication that slows down the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and may therefore slow the progression of the HIV disease.
		As the effect of nevirapine may decrease over time, it is important that your progress is assessed regularly by your doctor.
		When first starting nevirapine, the dose is 200mg (one tablet) per day for the first 14 days.
	www.tthhivclinic.com /nev.htm (710 words)

	CNN - Affordable drug reduces mother-to-child HIV transmission, study says - July 14, 1999
		Some 300 women were given a dose of nevirapine during labor, and their newborns were given another dose within three days of birth.
		With nevirapine, that risk drops to a 13 percent chance of transmitting the virus, according to researchers.
		Nevirapine works well with such a low dosage because it stays in the body a long time.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/AIDS/9907/14/preventing.baby.hiv (742 words)

	nevirapine - HIV: health and medical information about HIV and AIDS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Nevirapine is in a class of drugs called reverse transcriptase inhibitors which also includes zalcitabine (Hivid), zidovudine (Retrovir), didanosine (Videx), and lamivudine (Epivir).
		Nevirapine must be administered in combination with other anti-HIV drugs because the HIV virus quickly becomes resistant to treatment when nevirapine is used alone.
		Nevirapine reduces the blood concentration of oral contraceptives and this could result in inadequate birth control.
	www.medicinenet.com /nevirapine/article.htm (573 words)

	Nevirapine Misinformation: Will It Kill?
		The danger now is that misleading nevirapine stories published around the world will cause patients, doctors, or even governments to reject single-dose nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission, in cases when no other treatment is possible.
		Nevirapine was approved in the U.S. in June 1996, for use in combination with other antiretrovirals for treating HIV.
		Single-dose nevirapine is inexpensive and easy to use -- and in some areas many women will not accept a longer course of medication, because they are afraid of the consequences if people around them learn or suspect that they have HIV.
	www.aidsnews.org /2004/12/nevirapine-ap.html (2384 words)

	Nevirapine Approved by FDA, September 1996 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Central to the FDA's approval of nevirapine was the NIAID clinical trial ACTG 241, a study of nearly 400 patients with advanced HIV infection who had received extensive treatment with nucleoside analogs.
		Another attractive aspect of nevirapine is its long half-life--the time it takes for half of a given dose to be eliminated from the body.
		Schnittman says nevirapine's long half-life suggests that it might be useful in strategies for preventing mother-to-infant HIV transmission by reducing the amount of virus in a womans blood before she gives birth.
	www.niaid.nih.gov /publications/agenda/0996/page9.htm (463 words)

	"Dokumentation(4): the trouble with nevirapine" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Her idea was to compare the effectiveness of nevirapine versus AZT versus placebo for preventing mother to child transmission of HIV.
		Meaning that with the dose that she gave, Guay was unable to achieve systemic concentrations of nevirapine in the babies sufficient to prevent HIV replication and thereby reduce the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child.
		But Guay pulled back from recommending nevirapine instead: “we cannot judge the efficacy of the nevirapine regimen used in our study compared with the full three-part zidovudine regimen that is currently the standard for prevention of transmission in more-developed countries.
	www.aidsinfobbs.org /nevirap-4.htm (5951 words)

	The Body: Nevirapine (Viramune)
		Nevirapine is a drug used for antiretroviral therapy (ART).
		In June 2005 the FDA gave tentative approval to generic versions of nevirapine by Ranbaxy and Aurobindo Pharmaceuticals for sale outside the U.S. Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (a "non-nuke" or NNRTI).
		Because of the risk of liver damage, nevirapine should not be used for post-exposure prophylaxis (treatment after exposure to HIV, or PEP).
	www.thebody.com /nmai/nevirapine.html (961 words)

	FDA APPROVES NEVIRAPINE TO TREAT HIV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Studies showed that AZT and ddI, combined with nevirapine, together were more effective than AZT and ddI alone in improving laboratory markers such as CD4 cell counts, an indication of immune system strength, and the amount of HIV RNA that could be detected in the bloodstream throughout the 48-week study period.
		To decrease the incidence of rash, nevirapine is to be administered with a starting dose of 200 mg once daily for two weeks, doubling the dose after that introductory period.
		While safety and effectiveness of nevirapine have not been established for pediatric patients, the drug manufacturer is currently conducting Phase II studies in pediatric HIV patients.
	www.fda.gov /bbs/topics/ANSWERS/ANS00742.html (321 words)

	2NN: compares nevirapine & efavirenz
		Overall the virologic effectiveness of nevirapine was comparable to efavirenz, as there appeared to be no significant statistical differences when using the protocol defined paramater called "treatment failure and success".
		Grade 3/4 hepatoxicity was more common in the nevirapine patients with 2.1% of patients receiving NVP twice daily and 1.4% of those receiving NVP once daily experiencing at least 1 grade 3/4 event compared to 0.3% in patients receiving efavirenz.
		Patients experiencing skin rash was 1.8% in the efavirenz group and 3.1% in the nevirapine once daily group and 4.1% in the nevirapine twice daily group.
	www.natap.org /2003/Retro/day5.htm (879 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Nevirapine
		Nevirapine is used in combination with other medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in patients with or without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Nevirapine is in a class of medications called non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).
		Nevirapine does not cure HIV and may not prevent you from developing HIV-related illnesses.Nevirapine does not prevent the spread of HIV to other people.
		Nevirapine is also sometimes used to prevent unborn babies whose mothers have HIV or AIDS from becoming infected with HIV during birth.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a600035.html (1112 words)

	Exclusive: The Truth about Nevirapine
		Nevirapine is the key component of George W. Bush’s $500 million donation to get AIDS drugs to Africans.
		The media has seized on this like it’s news, but the truth about Nevirapine was known in 2000, when the FDA put a fl-box label on the drug, warning of the drug’s ability to cause fatal liver damage and bloody rupturing of skin and flesh.
		The results of Guay’s study came in with an official recommendation for Nevirapine, but only after recording an 80% rate of “laboratory abnormalities” for mothers and a 20% rate of “serious adverse events” in newborns in both the Nevirapine and AZT groups.
	www.gnn.tv /articles/article.php?id=1011 (1797 words)

	Side effects – liver toxicity, rash and nevirapine
		Women starting treatment for the first time should not use nevirapine if their CD4 count is over 250 cells/ml and men should not use nevirapine if their CD4 count is over 400 cells/ml.
		They do not relate to pregnant women who are using a single dose of nevirapine as part of a one-week course of treatment to reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to their baby.
		Nevirapine must be taken as one tablet (200 mg) once daily for the first two weeks.
	www.i-base.org.uk /guides/side/liver.html (710 words)

	Nevirapine news articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		She said 53 pregnant mothers were receiving nevirapine in June under the Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission of HIV programme being implemented at the...
		Nevirapine is principally metabolized by the liver via the cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, 3A4 and 2B6.
		Nevirapine and ketoconazole should not beadministered concomitantly becausedecreases in ketoconazole plasmaconcentrations may reduce the efficacy of the drug.
	www.mongabay.com /drugs/drugs/Nevirapine.html (4812 words)

	Nevirapine Versus Efavirenz: The 2NN Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Of note, this difference was largely attributable to a high frequency of early discontinuations in the indinavir arm of the study, even in the absence of documented adverse effects. Despite this important limitation of the study, efavirenz emerged as a new and attractive NNRTI option.
		Total daily doses of efavirenz and nevirapine in the single NNRTI arms of the study were as currently recommended. The nevirapine arms of the study incorporated a dose escalation from 200 mg daily to 400 mg daily on day 14, as per current standard of practice.
		Finally, nevirapine has a definitive advantage in terms of price. Based on the results of the 2NN Study, the choice between nevirapine and efavirenz in the clinic will most likely be driven by a combination of factors, primarily including the individual patients characteristics (i.e., co-morbidities, and cardiovascular risk), as well as cost.
	www.hivandhepatitis.com /recent/nnrtis/022403a.html (1468 words)

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