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Topic: New Caledonia Barrier Reef

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Biodiversity of New Caledonia

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New Caledonia

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	New Caledonia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		New Caledonia lies astride the Tropic of Capricorn, between 19° and 23° south latitude.
		New Caledonia's freshwater ecology also evolved in long isolation, and the New Caledonia rivers and streams are home to many endemic species.
		New Caledonia is also allowed to engage in international cooperation with independent countries of the Pacific Ocean.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/New_Caledonia (3165 words)

	New Caledonia Barrier Reef - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The New Caledonia Barrier Reef is located in New Caledonia in the South Pacific, and is the second-longest coral reef in the world, after Australia's Great Barrier Reef.
		The New Caledonia Barrier reef surrounds Grand Terre, New Caledonia's largest island, as well as the Ile des Pins and several smaller islands, reaching a length of 1500 km.
		The Boulari passage, which leads to Noumea, the capital and chief port of New Caledonia, is marked by the Amedee lighthouse.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/New_Caledonia_Barrier_Reef (298 words)

	Coral Reef Fish Ecology Online Course
		During their pelagic stages, reef fishes may be consumed by a wide variety of predators, including corals, pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores, other larval fishes, and both reef and coastal pelagic adult fishes.
		In contrast to the general assumption that animal populations are close to the carrying capacity of their environment (MacArthur 1972), recent studies of coral reef fish populations have shown that the supply of resources on the reef does not limit populations.
		Daily fluctuation in numbers of new recruits have been reported to occur both on lunar cycles (Randall,1961; McFarland et al., 1985) as well as independent of lunar cycles (Williams, 1983), and are generally ascribed to similar patterns of spawning by adults.
	www.marinebiology.org /fishecology.htm (4958 words)

	Chapter XX. Darwin, Charles Robert. 1909-14. The Voyage of the Beagle. The Harvard Classics
		The reef runs at a greater or less distance from the included land; in the Society archipelago generally from one to three or four miles; but at Hogoleu the reef is 20 miles on the southern side, and 14 miles on the opposite or northern side, from the included islands.
		Now, every reef of the fringing class is breached by a narrow gateway in front of the smallest rivulet, even if dry during the greater part of the year, for the mud, sand, or gravel, occasionally washed down kills the corals on which it is deposited.
		The great barrier of New Caledonia is thus imperfect and broken in many parts; hence, after long subsidence, this great reef would not produce one great atoll 400 miles in length, but a chain or archipelago of atolls, of very nearly the same dimension with those in the Maldiva archipelago.
	www2.bartleby.com /29/20.html (8718 words)

	New Caledonia travel, South Pacific islands, by David Stanley
		New Caledonia is farther south than most other South Pacific islands; this, combined with the refreshing southeast trade winds, accounts for its sunny, moderate climate, similar to that of the south of France.
		New Caledonia's 1,600 km of barrier reefs are home to 350 species of coral, 1,500 species of fish, and 20,000 species of invertebrates.
		New Caledonia's greatest attractions are undoubtedly its glamorous capital, the scenic northeast coast of the main island, and the colorful neighbor islands.
	www.southpacific.org /text/new_caledonia.html (1606 words)

	WWF - New Caledonia Barrier Reef - A Global 200 Ecoregion
		New Caledonia's marine waters harbour the second longest double barrier reef in the world, which reaches a length of 1,500 kilometers.
		This barrier reef is of outstanding biogeographical interest and serves as a regional center of endemism in the south pacific.
		New species of fish and invertebrates are being documented, including a new species of an extremely rare amphipod (Didymochelia ledoyerisp), and a palaemonine shrimp (Brachycarpus crosnieri).
	www.panda.org /about_wwf/where_we_work/ecoregions/newcaledonia_barrier_reef.cfm (495 words)

	NEW CALEDONIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The narrow and mountainous island is encircled by barrier reefs, the total surface area of which is 8000 km2.
		East of New Caledonia, the Loyalty Archipelago is composed of 3 main islands (Maré, Lifou and Ouvea) and includes the Beautemps-Beaupré and Astrolabe reefs, towards the North West.
		The coral reefs of New Caledonia and dependancies are characterized by a high species diversity, both for hard substrate and soft substrate communities.
	www.univ-perp.fr /ephe/acorweb/anglais/caledonie.html (478 words)

	New Caledonia
		New Caledonia's capital, Noumea, sits on Grand Terre, an island that was not created by volcanic activity.
		New Caledonia is an archipelago located in the south western part of the Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and just north of the Tropic of Capricorn between the latitudes of 18 - 23 degrees south and longitudes 158 - 172 degrees east.
		The first, the Caldoches, are those who were born in New Caledonia and have roots going all the way back to the convicts in the penal colony or the Colons, the early settlers.
	www.pac-island.com /PacificMap/new_caledonia.htm (835 words)

	Vanuatu: The coral reef, record of a 23,000 year history
		More broadly, this research has brought new key information which contributes to a better understanding of the influence of climatic change on the coral reefs of the Pacific, which are the most complex ecosystems of the marine environment.
		This reef is situated at Urelapa, off the island of Espiritu Santo in the Vanuatu group in the South-West Pacific.
		The associations of ramified corals, including species of the Acropora genus, with red encrusting algae, as coralgal assemblages, forming the basis of the reef frameworks, found at horizons dating from this period, are specific to shallow well-lit, high wave-energy environments (at depths less than 6 m), ideal conditions for reef growth.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-12/idrp-vtc120303.php (978 words)

	Year of the Reef
		Reefs are economically vital to many coastal communities, including those in Belize, traditionally fished for protein foods and increasingly as a source of employment and foreign currency.
		Experts say we cannot continue to damage reefs at the rate we are doing and still expect to have the commercial benefits and recreational pleasure enjoyed during recent decades.
		The year 1997-2001 will be a critical year for all reefs, but for Belize in particular the decisions made over the next year will make the difference between continued prosperity and the survival of the reef and the relentless degradation and decline of a priceless natural asset.
	www.belizefirst.com /reef.html (552 words)

	New Caledonia - Wikitravel
		New Caledonia (French:Nouvelle-Caledonie) is a dependent overseas territory of France lying in the western Pacific Ocean, in the Coral Sea, to the east of Australia and west of Vanuatu.
		There is a general move towards independence in New Caledonia and it was decided in the Nouméa Accord that the territorial Congress will have the right to call for a referendum on independence after 2014, at a time of its choosing.
		The main island of New Caledonia is one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean and its terrain consist of coastal plains with interior mountains.
	wikitravel.org /en/New_Caledonia (1288 words)

	CNN.com - Green bid to preserve Pacific reef - April 15, 2001
		The reefs, the second biggest system in the world after Australia's Great Barrier Reef, are under threat from nickel mining on New Caledonia, Green groups say.
		The reef campaign was launched by Green group representatives from New Caledonia's indigenous population, as well as Green supporters from France and Australia.
		New Caledonia produces 30 percent of the world's nickel, with major producers SLN, Inco, Phelps Dodge and Falconridge all operating there.
	www.cnn.com /2001/WORLD/asiapcf/auspac/04/15/australia.reef/index.html (443 words)

	Lizard Island Research Station - Publications 1997
		Castro, P. Trapeziid crabs (Brachyura: Xanthoidea: Trapeziidae) of New Caledonia, eastern Australia, and the Coral Sea.
		Crook, A.C. Behavioural patterns and the significance of colour patterns in reef fishes of the family Scaridae.
		Spatial and temporal validation of settlement-marks in the otoliths of tropical reef fishes.
	www.lizardisland.net.au /research/publications/1997.htm (803 words)

	CorpWatch : Protect New Caledonian Forest, Reef and Indigenous Rights
		Concerned citizens and indigenous Kanak leader of New Caledonia are battling fear and a neo-colonial regime to stop large-scale nickel mining projects in the Pacific island archipelago, which is a French Overseas Community.
		New Caledonia's physical isolation and its tropical climate, with extremes of precipitation from long droughts to intense cyclones with high rainfall, as well as it's unusual near-toxic metal-rich soils, have contributed to an extraordinary biodiversity and unusually high endemism.
		New Caledonia's coral massif, which is the second largest in the world after the great barrier reef, has just been fomally recommended to the United Nations for listing as a World Heritage site.
	www.corpwatch.org /article.php?id=1875 (967 words)

	New Caledonia -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		It includes the island of New Caledonia (the Grande Terre, or mainland), where the capital, Nouméa, is located; the Loyalty Islands; the Bélep Islands; and the Isle of Pines.
		The art of New Caledonia consists almost entirely of wood sculpture; painting was used only to accentuate, in red and white, details of the carvings, which were otherwise entirely flened.
		Virtually the entire coast of the island of New Caledonia may be traveled by road, and crossroads penetrate the centre of the island.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9117357 (849 words)

	Current Action - Global Response - Environmental Action & Education
		We've lost over 20 percent of the world's reefs in the last 20 years, and scientists warn that up to 70 percent may be destroyed by human activities in the next couple decades.
		The islands of New Caledonia are home to some of the world's rarest and oldest plant species, thanks to their genetic isolation over millions of years.
		Since New Caledonia is still a French Overseas Community, France must submit the nomination to UNESCO (United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization).
	www.globalresponse.org /gra.php?i=6/03 (638 words)

	WWF Global 200 Ecoregions -- New Caledonia Barrier Reef (221)
		At least 1,000 species have been documented on this reef, which is the second longest barrier reef in the world (after Australia’s Great Barrier Reef), reaching a length of over 900 miles (1,500 km).
		Much of the enormous species diversity in New Caledonia is unclassified, and new species of fish and invertebrates are being discovered regularly.
		The great majority of coral reefs here are reported to be in good health, with the exception of eastern reefs that are harmed by runoff from mines.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/g200/g221.html (377 words)

	WWF - Habitats
		The greatest known species diversity of any marine ecosystem is found in coral reefs; their vertical growth and complexity provides numerous niches for different species to fill.
		Tropical Coral reefs are fragile and diverse habitats that exist in sunlit waters along continental and island margins, with diversity greatest near the Equator.
		Overall, the coral reef communities of Southeast Asian seas are the most diverse in the world, with the Sulu, Sulawesi, Banda, and Coral sea ecoregions being the most diverse on Earth.
	www.panda.org /news_facts/education/university/habitats/index.cfm?habitatID=26 (251 words)

	The World Factbook 2004 -- Field Listing - Background
		A new transitional government, inaugurated on 1 November 2001, was to be the first step towards holding national elections in three years.
		The eastern half of the island of New Guinea - second largest in the world - was divided between Germany (north) and the UK (south) in 1885.
		A caretaker government oversaw new elections in the spring of 2001, which ushered in Alejandro TOLEDO as the new head of government.
	www.brainyatlas.com /fields/2028.html (15472 words)

	Fine Cruising
		There were several new corals to see, including an amazing blue to blue-green variety that grows in huge lumps that we've never seen before.
		The whole reef is a protected park, and the French know how to enforce their rules, so there's been no spear-fishing here for ages.
		Cleaner-wrasse had established cleaning stations throughout the reef and were busily grooming the larger fish.
	www.hackingfamily.com /Landfalls/Newsletters/New_Caledonia/fine_cruising.htm (551 words)

	Allways Dive Expeditions
		SCUBA dive New Caledonia, Noumea, Isle of Pines, Melanesia South Pacific.
		The New Caledonia Archipelago is located in the south western part of the South Pacific Ocean to an area known as Melanesia.
		New Caledonia's Barrier Reef stretches 1600 kilometres around the mainland forming the world’s largest lagoon.
	www.allwaysdive.com.au /index.php?option=content&task=blogcategory&id=83&Itemid=62 (168 words)

	New Scientist Breaking News - Massive coral bleaching strikes Great Barrier Reef
		An epidemic of coral bleaching has hit the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the world's largest coral reef, for the second time in four years.
		Thomas Goreau, president of the Global Coral Reef Alliance in Chappaqua, New York, says he has received reports in recent days of bleached, dead coral across much of the South Pacific, including Tahiti, the Cook Islands, New Caledonia and Fiji.
		The high temperatures appear to be connected to the likely onset of a new El Niño, which also caused the bleaching in 1998.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn2164 (537 words)

	New Caledonia
		New Caledonia is situated in the heart of the South Pacific, 1500 kms east of Australia.
		The barrier reef stretching 1600 kms and encircling the mainland island is the world's largest lagoon, and surely one of the most beautiful.
		Whether you experience New Caledonia from the sea, land or air, her wild unspoilt beauty will leave you with lasting memories.
	www.hideawayholidays.com.au /nou.htm (211 words)

	EO News: NASA and Partners Create New Worldwide Coral Reef Library - November 4, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		USF, in collaboration with JSC, is characterizing, mapping and estimating the extent of shallow coral reef ecosystems in the Caribbean-Atlantic, Pacific, Indo-Pacific and Red Sea using the Landsat images.
		A barrier reef protects both islands and their shared lagoon from the large swells of the open ocean.
		The white carbonate sediments of the back reef zone appear as a turquoise band because the overlying shallow water absorbs more red than blue of the incoming sunlight before it is reflected back to space.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /Newsroom/NasaNews/2004/2004110417992.html (708 words)

	ScienceDaily: New Worldwide Coral Reef Library Created
		NASA Learning To Monitor Coral Reef Health From The Sky (December 17, 2003) -- Coral reef health may be accurately estimated from sensors on airplanes and satellites in the future, according to a NASA scientist who is the principal investigator in a collaborative project to...
		Artificial reef -- An artificial reef is a man-made, underwater structure, typically built for the purpose of promoting marine life in areas of generally featureless bottom.
		Coral reef -- A coral reef is a type of biotic reef that develops in tropical waters by the growth of coralline algae, hermatypic corals, and other marine organisms.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/12/041208095341.htm (1901 words)

	Environmental Defense - Press Release: Protests Against Land Grab by Mining Co. Rock New Caledonia
		New Caledonia, also called Kanaky, is a territory of France.
		The area has been identified by the prestigious British journal Nature as one of the world's top "biodiversity hotspots;" over 76% of the country's plant species are endemic and are found nowhere else on Earth.
		New Caledonia researchers are continually discovering marine species previously unknown to science in these rich waters.
	www.environmentaldefense.org /pressrelease.cfm?ContentID=2333 (456 words)

	About Pacific Whale Foundation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		An understanding of the behaviors associated with the major seasonally-dependent activities of humpback whales is important for developing an index of impact from both human-induced and natural effects (Krutzikowsky et al., 1989; Forestell et al., 1990; Forestell and Kaufman, 1994).
		That is, whales found in the Great Barrier Reef appear to be a sub-set of the whales found in Hervey Bay and off North Stradbroke Island.
		A recent finding that a whale observed off North Stradbroke Island and in Hervey Bay in 1991 was photographed near New Caledonia in 1993 (Garrigue and Gill, 1994; Garrigue, Gill, and Forestell, in prep.) suggests that whales may branch out from central Queensland during the northward migration to a variety of destinations.
	www.pacificwhale.org /learn/barrier.html (3605 words)

	Great Barrier Reef travel guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Great Barrier Reef stretches out for 2000 kilometres along the coast from the very northern tip of Queensland, Bamaga, to Bundaberg, better known as the Capricornia section of the Reef (it actually goes on until Papua New Guinea).
		From Townsville, you can easily set off for the Great Barrier Reef Marinepark, that consist of hundreds of impressive uninhabited island with secluded beaches where you can stay for a few days and explore the reef area with snorkelling or diving equipment.
		Although the reef does not extend to this island, it is a beautiful melange of sand, sea, forests and lakes.
	www.world66.com /australiaandpacific/australia/queensland/greatbarrierreef (382 words)

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