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Topic: New Confucian

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	Confucianism: A Short Introduction
		Confucianism has been and still is a vast, interconnected system of philosophies, ideas, rituals, practices, and habits of the heart that informs the lives of countless people in East Asia and now the whole inhabited world.
		Late imperial China was a "Confucian" culture in the sense that intellectual concerns, moral axioms, education, family rituals, and political ideology all bore the marks of Confucian reflection and action.
		Confucians also continued to shape family ritual and the veneration of the ancestors as well as to staff the various civil services of the numerous successor states to the fallen Han empire.
	www.oneworld-publications.com /books/texts/confucianism-a-short-intro-intro.htm (0 words)

	[No title]
		The Confucian worldview, rooted in earth, body, family, and community, is not “adjustment to the world,” (6) submission to the status quo, or passive acceptance of the physical, biological, social and political constraints of the human condition.
		As long as the reconstructed Confucian humanism is incorporated into the discourse on modernity, its anthropocosmic insight is lost and its possibility for promoting “a holistic, non-anthropocentric, egalitarian, eco-friendly worldview respectful of nature and compassionate to all forms of life” (25) is also diminished.
		New Confucians fully acknowledged that in their march toward modernization in the cause of nation building, their primary language has been so fundamentally reconstructed that it is no longer a language of faith but a language of instrumental rationality, economic efficiency, political expediency, and social engineering.
	www.confucianstudies.com /tuecology.html (0 words)

	Neo-Confucian Philosophy [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		"Neo-Confucianism" is the name commonly applied to the revival of the various strands of Confucian philosophy and political culture that began in the middle of the 9th Century and reached new levels of intellectual and social creativity in the 11th Century in the Northern Song Dynasty.
		While the New Confucian movement is clearly an heir of its Neo-Confucian past, it is also deeply engaged in dialogue with Western philosophy and is emerging as fascinating form of global philosophy at the beginning of the 21st Century.
		Confucianism remained the preferred approach to political and social thought and much personal and communal ethical reflection was concurrent with the powerful contributions of Daoist and Buddhist thinkers.
	www.iep.utm.edu /n/neo-conf.htm (0 words)

	Confucianism: The Way of Self-Cultivation by Paul Peterson
		So the Confucian worldview, rooted in earth, body, family, and community, is not about adjusting to the world, submitting to the status quo, or passively accepting the physical, biological, social, and political constraints of the human condition.
		Then a radical rethinking of Confucian humanism occurred in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when China was engulfed in social disintegration as the result of foreign invasion and domestic dissension.
		Under Mao, the intellectuals' total denial of the Confucian tradition and their thorough commitment to the well-being of China as a civilization-state compelled them to find a new cultural identity and to reject the stream of thought that had for centuries defined Chinese society.
	www.spiritofmaat.com /archive/feb3/cnfcnism.htm (0 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Confucianism
		Confucian texts several that even in his day were venerated as sacred heirlooms of the past.
		Confucian texts, we are indebted to the painstaking researches of the Jesuit missionaries in China during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, who, with an heroic zeal for the spread of Christ's kingdom united a diligence and proficiency in the study of
		Confucian texts were restored to their place of honour.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04223b.htm (4561 words)

	999 Papua New Guinea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Papua New Guinea is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and Queen Elizabeth II is the head of state.
		Papua New Guinea is one of the regions closest to the equator that experience snowfall, which occurs in the elevated regions.
		New Guinea is part of the humid tropics, and many Indomalayan rainforest plants spread across the narrow straits from Asia, mixing together with the old Australian and Antarctic floras.
	www.999papuanewguinea.com (2112 words)

	New Left Review - Henry Zhao: Contesting Confucius (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		It was Confucianism, they explained, that constituted the astonishing âkey to the vault of the intellectual universe of the mandarinsâ.
		In her 2004 book, The Canonization of Confucius and the Confucianist Revolution, she argues that Confucianism as a system of representation still has a tenacious grip on the Chinese mentality and, despite the demise of the Empire a century ago, still leads its subjects to fulfil a âduty of abnegation in favour of totalityâ.
		During the 1980s and 1990s there was a powerful movement for the ârevival of Confucianismâ, mainly fanned by Chinese scholars teaching in the United States, who proposed that a Confucianist work ethic, comparable to that of Weberian Puritanism, lay behind the spectacular success of capitalism in Far Eastern countries.
	newleftreview.org /?page=article&view=2664 (3746 words)

	Imperial Era: III
		Confucian governmental practices and examinations based on the Classics, which had fallen into disuse in north China during the period of disunity, were reinstated by the Mongols in the hope of maintaining order over Han society.
		The city of Beijing was rebuilt with new palace grounds that included artificial lakes, hills and mountains, and parks.
		The empire's inability to evaluate correctly the nature of the new challenge or to respond flexibly to it resulted in the demise of the Qing and the collapse of the entire millennia-old framework of dynastic rule.
	www-chaos.umd.edu /history/imperial3.html (0 words)

	Dædalus
		China and the Confucian tradition face an especially significant challenge given the size of China’s population and the scale of her current efforts at modernization.
		A radical rethinking of Confucian humanism began in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when China was engulfed in an unprecedented radical social disintegration as the result of foreign invasion and domestic dissension.
		In the late twentieth century, this reformulation continued in the “New Confucian movement” led by concerned intellectuals, some of whom left mainland China for Taiwan and Hong Kong when communism was established as the ruling ideology in the People’s Republic in 1949.
	amacad.org /publications/fall2001/weiming.aspx (0 words)

	Imperial Era: II
		A new group of wealthy commoners--the mercantile class--arose as printing and education spread, private trade grew, and a market economy began to link the coastal provinces and the interior.
		This renewed interest in the Confucian ideals and society of ancient times coincided with the decline of Buddhism, which the Chinese regarded as foreign and offering few practical guidelines for the solution of political and other mundane problems.
		As incorporated into the examination system, Zhu Xi's philosophy evolved into a rigid official creed, which stressed the one-sided obligations of obedience and compliance of subject to ruler, child to father, wife to husband, and younger brother to elder brother.
	www-chaos.umd.edu /history/imperial2.html (0 words)

	New Philosophies
		The great Chinese Confucian scholar Zhu Xi (1130-1200), whose work and influence might be compared to that of Saint Thomas Aquinas in medieval Europe, produced numerous historical works and commentaries on the Confucian classics.
		Koryo's new Confucian scholars disagreed with the idea that one should denounce one's family ties to become a monk because the very basis of Confucian philosophy was founded on strong family and social relationships.
		Normally, Buddhist and Confucian creeds coexisted with little conflict and had this new movement appeared in more stable and prosperous times, it might have led to little more than minor government reforms with perhaps a few restrictions on Buddhism, but these were troubled times.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Ket/C07/E0702.htm (2854 words)

	Journal of Buddhist Ethics
		Urged on by Confucians and Taoists who decried these trends as leading to the impoverishment of the empire, the state engaged in periodic persecutions of Buddhism by forced laicization of monks, seizure of monastery wealth (especially gold, silver, and copper) and placing limits on the number of monasteries and temples.
		The Confucian influence derived partly from the historical fact that Buddhism was introduced to Japan from Korea and China (rather than directly from India) and as a result the first Buddhist texts in Japan were all early Chinese texts which reflected Confucianism in their translation from Sanskrit.
		Zen's close relationship with Confucian ethics, on the other hand, can be seen in the way Zen monks were responsible for introducing Sung neoConfucianism into Japan in the thirteenth century and establishing the first schools to teach it to the warrior class.
	www.buddhistethics.org /3/ornatow1.html (10737 words)

	A Pilgrimage to Confucian Churches in Indonesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Confucians in Indonesia has been practicing Confucianism as one of the six religions on the basis of the constitutional rights of Indonesia.
		The Foundation of Confucian Religion in Indonesia: The Pancasila, this is the word for the official political philosophy of the country.
		Humanity is Confucian Democracy based on the seven principles: innovation, egalitarianism, individualism, pluralism, liberalism (freedom), democracy and serving the people.
	www.wam.umd.edu /~tkang/Indonesia.html (916 words)

	FORE: Religion-Confucianism-Bibliography
		This bibliography is divided into two parts: texts specifically related to the topic of Confucianism and ecology and, general, supportive reference works (by region) for understanding the larger context of Confucianism and ecology.
		Confucian Traditions in East Asian Modernity: Moral Education and Economic Culture in Japan and the Four Mini-Dragons.
		Confucian Ethics of the Axial Age: A Reconstruction under the Aspect of the Breakthrough Toward Postconventional Thinking.
	environment.harvard.edu /religion/religion/confucianism/bibliography.html (2799 words)

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		Confucian practice became the characteristic world view and practice of the Chinese people for over 2,000 years.
		A Third Wave Confucian movement seeks to explain the current economic revival in East Asia in terms of application of Confucian principles to the post-modern world.
		Confucian practice concerning women--delegating their position to that of subservience to men--stems in part from the following nature of its thought.
	confucianism.freehostingguru.com (2802 words)

	China in the Song Dynasty
		It was during this dynasty that Confucian learning underwent canonization for a second time, and new Confucian texts were selected as standard texts for scholars preparing for the imperial examinations.
		In contrast to the times of Confucius and Mencius, when the ru/ju (or Confucian), were just in the process of forming into a social/intellectual group, by the Song Dynasty, they had already formed into a social class called the scholar/gentry class, made possible by the imperial examinations based on the five Confucian classics.
		As mentioned earlier, Confucian scholars were concerned about the "contamination" of Confucian learning by Buddhism, foremost by Buddhism's denial of this world's worth, by its confusion of the Confucian concept of filial piety, and by the denial of ethical human nature, depriving humans of their role as moral agents in Confucian learning.
	www.iun.edu /~hisdcl/h425/songdynasty.htm (0 words)

	Excite UK - Society - Philosophy - Eastern Philosophy - Confucianism
		Confucianism and its Relevance to the Filipino Family
		Considers the modern revival of Confucianism in the light of recent scholarship which questions Confucianism''s historical origins and the appropriateness of "Confucianism" as a general term.
		The summary of Confucian doctrines which is current among followers of the Urantia religion.
	www.excite.co.uk /directory/Society/Philosophy/Eastern_Philosophy/Confucianism (0 words)

	Dædalus
		Perspectives on Environmental Change: A Basis for Action
		New House Rules: Christianity, Economics, and Planetary Living
		The Ecological Turn in New Confucian Humanism: Implications for China and the World
	www.amacad.org /publications/fall2001/fall2001.aspx (90 words)

	»»classical Reviews««
		New Confucianism is perhaps the most influential contemporary version of Confucianism in "greater China" and even in the U.S. It seeks to preserve Confucianism, while being open to much of Western science, democracy and capitalism.
		New Confucians tend to accept too much of the Song and Ming dynasty interpretations of Confucianism, which are themselves overly dependent on metaphysical assumptions they get from Buddhism (a philosophy and religion that came to China long after Confucius himself died).
		In addition, New Confucianism is sometimes prone to obscurantism.
	www.financial-book-review.com /cii/classical/classical_350.html (2204 words)

	Telling God's Story "Tell the world of His Love" National Mission Congress 2000, Resources and Documents, Editor, James ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In 1958, the New Confucian philosophers issued a manifesto entitled, "Manifesto to the World Concerning the Future of Chinese Culture." The 40,000-word document, which was called the "Magna Carta" of the New Confucian Movement, spelled out the content and meaning of Chinese culture and appealed to the West to understand it.
		Confucianism means the cultivation of ones moral self, or of ren, which is described as a feeling of love for humanity.
		According to Confucianism, it is enough that a human being be a human being.
	www.hsstudyc.org.hk /Webpage/Tripod/T126/T126_E09.htm (1282 words)

	Confucian Documents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		These are key texts of Confucianism, the traditional state religion of feudal China.
		The Confucian Canon in Chinese and English 372,292 bytes
		This work, which is more mystical than the other Confucian classics, is of unknown date.
	www.sacred-texts.com /cfu (620 words)

	Chinese New Year - Australia's Culture Portal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The new year begins on the first day of the Chinese calendar, which usually falls in February, and the festivities continue for 15 days.
		Chinese New Year ends with the lantern festival, where people hang decorated lanterns in temples and carry lanterns to an evening parade under the light of the full moon.
		The Chinese New Year is celebrated at the second new moon after the winter solstice and falls between 21 January and 19 February on the Gregorian calendar.
	www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au /articles/chinese (950 words)

	[No title]
		Insadong was home chiefly to members of the middle class even though some members of the royal family and yangban had their residences in this general area.
		New attractions include poetry readings in several places including Artside Tearoom located along the main street.
		The performances, as they appeared to me, shocked the viewers into a new sense of the daily reality, allowing him/her to read beneath the mundane routine a new meaning of their existence.
	www.skynews.co.kr /skynews_main/ENGLISH/TOURISM/tradition_034.htm (908 words)

	Amazon.com: confucian: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A Confucian story of the prodigal son: Li Lüyuan's novel "Lantern at the crossroads" (Qiludeng 1748-1777) : structure, thought and ethics (Chinathemen) by Lucie Borotová (Perfect Paperback - 1991)
		Confucian Ethics of the Axial Age: A Reconstruction under the Aspect by Heiner Roetz (Hardcover - 1993)
		Confucianism as world philosophy: a response to Neville's Boston Confucianism from a Neo-Confucian perspective.: An article from: Journal of Ecumenical Studies by Liu Shu-hsien (Digital - Jul 14, 2006) - HTML
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=confucian&index=books&pg=7&page=1 (657 words)

	CONFUCIANISM
		In China, and some other areas in Asia, the social ethics and moral teachings of Confucius are blended with the Taoist communion with nature and Buddhist concepts of the afterlife, to form a set of complementary, peacefully co-existent and ecumenical religions.
		Confucianism does not contain all of the elements of some other religions, like Christianity and Islam.
		It is primarily an ethical system to which rituals at important times during one's lifetime have been added.
	www.religioustolerance.org /confuciu.htm (0 words)

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		Since by the Song Dynasty, a sizable percentage of government officials were selected from the Confucian scholars via the imperial examination system, the suggestions of reform were proposed by Confucian scholar/officials.
		As Confucian scholars, their suggestions often came from the models of the Golden Ages, e.g.
		The interesting thing about their modeling after Confucian teachings is that this was often not a rigid adherence, as in the case of Wang An-shi and a few others, they even combined Confucian learning with Legalism.
	www.iun.edu /~hisdcl/h425/songconfucian.htm (0 words)

	Understanding Confucian Philosophy — www.greenwood.com
		This is probably the clearest and most accessible introduction in English to the New Confucian perspective on the history of Confucianism....Liu's book is an example of the New Confucian perspective at its best.
		This is one of those rare cases in which one can only say that the author has succeeded--'spot on'--with focus, clarity, and intellectual rigor surpassing the vast majority of similar works in the field.
		This volume offers the key to understanding Confucian philosophy by presenting a comprehensive account of its spiritual roots.
	www.greenwood.com /catalog/B6317.aspx?print=1 (0 words)

	STH \| Faculty \| Staff \| Berthrong Publications
		"Confucian Piety and the Religious Dimension of Japanese Confucianism." Philosophy East and West, Vol.
		"Transmitting the Tao: The Case of Boston Confucianism." Third International Conference on New Confucianism, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 28-30 December, 1994.
		Background Paper on Confucianism, State Department Consultation on the Future of Religious Freedom in China, The Meridian International Center, Washington, D.C., 14 November 1997.
	www.bu.edu /sth/faculty/staff/berthrong-pub.html (2421 words)

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