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Topic: New Kypchak language

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	New Kypchak language
		New Kypchak (also New Qypchak) is a standardized new language that unites major Kypchak Turkic tongues, such as Kyrgyz, Kazakh, Karakalpak[?], Kumyk[?], Bashkir[?], Kazan Tartar[?], Astrakhan Tatar[?], Nogay[?] etc.
		There are plans for New Kypchak to be spoken in Kypchakia as a lingua franca besides Russian.
		It is written in Cyrillic alphabet, to be replaced by a standardized Latin alphabet similar to the one adopted by Tatar and Bashkir[?].
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ky/Kypchakcha.html (69 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Turkish family is a subgroup of the Oghuz languages, themselves a subgroup of the Turkic languages, which some linguists believe to be a part of the Altaic language family.
		Turkish is the official language of Turkey, and is one of the official languages of Cyprus.
		The standard language of Turkish is essentially the refined Ottoman Turkish language as written in the Latin alphabet but not the initial Arabic alphabet and with the boost of neologisms added and the Arabic and Persian imports excluded.
	www.gamecheatz.net /games.php?title=Turkish_language (3186 words)

	A. Rorlich - Origin of the Volga Tatars
		Later, they [the Tatars] mixed with them [Kypchaks], and the land had priority over their racial and natural qualities and they [the Tatars] became like Kypchaks, as they were of the same origin with them, because the Tatars settled on their lands, married them, and remained to live on their lands.
		When the Golden Horde was organized, however, the new set of political and socioeconomic conditions determined changes in the functions of the languages spoken in the area under the rule of its khans.
		Kypchak emerged as the official language, and it was in this capacity that it had an impact on the evolution of the Bulgar language.
	members.tripod.com /~Groznijat/fadlan/rorlich1.html (2937 words)

	Nynorsk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is used as the primary written language by 10-15% of Norwegian speakers in Norway.
		The name itself, which means "New Norwegian", was chosen to distinguish the new written language from Old Norwegian, of which it claimed to be a direct linguistic descendant, as well as from the prestigious standard of the urban elite, which at that time was virtually identical to written Danish.
		He chose to build the new language mainly on the dialects of the western and inner parts of the country, because he thought the dialects in these areas had not been influenced by Danish as much as the dialects in eastern Norway.
	88.208.194.172 /wiki/index.php/Nynorsk (592 words)

	Language
		Language families can be divided into smaller phylogenetic units, conventionally referred to as branches of the family, because the history of a language family is often represented as a tree diagram.
		Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as language isolates.
		A language isolated in its own branch within a family, such as Greek within Indo-European, is often also called an isolate, but such cases are usually clarified.
	www.angindia.com /biographyland/biography_language.html (462 words)

	Türkicworld (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The fact that Türkisms were an integral part of the Proto-Slavic language prior to its separation into the Western and Eastern dialects manifests the initial Türkic genetical component in the Slavic population, and the Türkic lexical component in the Proto-Slavic language.
		The language influences of the Türkic descendants of the Scythians and Cimmerians are visible in the ancient loanwords in the western Slavic languages which so far could not be explained.
		The Early Ukrainian language of the 9th-12th centuries, which belongs to the Southern dialect, is documented in the written materials, and it was coercively re-defined in the 18th c.
	s155239215.onlinehome.us /turkic/40_Language/StetsyukB2ch7En.htm (8327 words)

	the bashkir language.
		The Bashkir language is the language of the native population of Republic of Bashkortostan.
		The Bashkir language belongs to the synharmonic type of languages as it is subjected to the strict law of synharmonism depending on the first syllable of the word, for ex.
		In accordance with the typology classification The Bashkir language is thought to belong to the agglutinative languages: wordbuilding and wordchanging affixes succesively join the root (stem) of the word.
	members.lycos.nl /bashkort/tele/bashlaung.htm (746 words)

	HUNMAGYAR.ORG - TURAN - BASHKORTOSTAN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Bashkir language is the second language in the Republic and belongs to the Turkic group of languages, while Russian remains the official language.
		A new constitution was adopted, which reduced the political-legal status of the republic.
		The absence of Bashkir public schools and the narrowing of the sphere where the Bashkir language functions contributed to the assimilation of the Bashkirs.
	www.hunmagyar.org /turan/bashkir/bashkir.html (537 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The languages of the majority of the inhabitants of the former Soviet Central Asian Republics come from the Turkic language group.Turkish is the most widely spoken language in Central Asia.
		Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Tatar are related languages of the Kypchak group of Turkic languages, and are spoken throughout Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, and into Afghanistan, Xinjiang and Qinghai.
		Uzbek and Uighur are spoken in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Xinjiang.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Central_Asia (2793 words)

	Turkish language: Information from Answers.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Turkish language, member of the Turkic subdivision of the Altaic subfamily of the Ural-Altaic family of languages (see Uralic and Altaic languages).
		Turkish (Türkçe) is a Turkic language spoken natively by the Turkish people in Turkey, Cyprus, Bulgaria, Greece, Republic of Macedonia and other countries of the former Ottoman Empire, as well as by several million emigrants in the European Union.
		After the adoption of Islam by the Ottomans as their religion, Ottoman language acquired a rather large collection of loan words from Arabic and Persian, consecutively influencing Turkish.
	proxies.gr /nph-proxy.cgi/010110A/http/www.answers.com/topic/turkish-language (3675 words)

	Happy Dogs Clup, The biggest dog resource center,breeds,cloths (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Ottoman Turkish (Turkish: OsmanlÄ±ca or OsmanlÄ± TÃ¼rkÃ§esi, Ottoman Turkish: ÙØ³Ø§Ù Ø¹Ø«ÙØ§ÙÛ - lisÃ¢n-Ä± OsmÃ¢nÃ®) was the variant of the Turkish language that was used as the administrative and literary language of the Ottoman Empire.
		That Ottoman Turkish's Arabic borrowings were not the result of the direct exposure of the language to Arabic is evidenced by the typically Persian phonological mutation of the words of Arabic origin.
		The changes were meant to encourage the growth of a new variety of written Turkish that more closely reflected the spoken vernacular, as well as to foster a new variety of spoken Turkish that more explicitly reflected Turkey's new national identity as being a post-Ottoman state.
	www.happydogsclup.com /sdmc_Ottoman_Turkish_language (853 words)

	The Alekseev Manuscript - Chapter VII: Bronze Age in Eurasia
		HOLLIS equates Nuristani with Dardic 28, with Bashgali 29, and with the Kafiri languages 30 (Bashgali, Dardic, and Nuristani are languages of Afghanistan).
		The Italic languages and dialects according to HOLLIS are related to the Faliscan, Latin, and Venetic languages and have a grammar comparable to Armenian and Etruscan.
		The Tokharian language is synonymous with Yueh Cheh.
	www.drummingnet.com /alekseev/ChapterVII.html (12823 words)

	Kypchakia
		A reviving cultural zone, its proponents hope Kypchakia will serve as a more conservative and more balanced economy than Western Russia, the traditional heartland of the Federation.
		The Kypchak language is gathering popularity among Tatars, Bashkirs[?], Russians, Kazakhs and diverse ethnic/religious groups as a vital, creative new lingua franca of eastern Russian Federation.
		Key to the establisment of this new federation is cultivation, in place of exploitation.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ky/Kypchakia.html (240 words)

	LINGUIST List 13.798: Turkic Linguistics: Kazak Grammar
		Kazak belongs to the Kypchak group of Turkic Languages, which was once the "Lingua Franca" of the western part of the Mongol Empire.
		For this reason Kazak have strong ties with other Turkic languages of Inner and Central Asia, Kyrgyz, Kazan-Tatar (Volga-Bulgar), Uzbek etc. This present Material of the Kazak language is an up-to-date grammar, based on the author's ten-year research among the Kazaks of Kazakstan and other neighboring countries.
		During that time the author himself mastered the language and paid special attention to colloquial Kazak and the usage of the changing language.
	linguistlist.org /issues/13/13-798.html (313 words)

	Turkic languages Summary
		The Turkic languages are spoken across Eurasia from eastern Siberia to Iran and from China to Ukraine, but they are concentrated in Central Asia, where groups of two to twenty million are represented; the total number of speakers of Turkic languages exceeds 130 million.
		(3) - Aini is a mixed language with Uyghur grammar and Persian vocabulary.
		Schönig, C. A new attempt to classify the Turkic languages (1-3).
	www.bookrags.com /Turkic_languages (429 words)

	INTRODUCTION Afghanistan Intelligence Agencies
		The regime's survival increasingly was dependent upon Soviet military equipment and advisers as the insurgency spread and the Afghan army began to collapse.
		With the help of the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and of the Pakistani military intelligence, new military campaigns were launched by the mujahedin in the latter half of 1990.
		However, as the victorious mujahidin entered Kabul to assume control over the city and the central government, a new round of internecine fighting began between the various militias, which had coexisted only uneasily during the Soviet occupation.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/afghan/intro.htm (2439 words)

	Silk Road - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Tarim mummies, Chinese mummies of non-Chinese, apparently western, individuals, have been found in the Tarim Basin, such as in the area of Loulan located along the Silk Road 200 km east of Yingpan, dating to as early as 1600 BC and suggesting very ancient contacts between East and West.
		It has been suggested that these mummified remains may have been of people related to the Tocharians whose Indo-European language remained in use in the Tarim Basin (modern day Xinjiang) of China until the 8th century.
		The wish to trade directly with China was also the main drive behind the expansion of the Portuguese beyond Africa after 1480, followed by the powers of the Netherlands and Great Britain from the 17th century.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Silk_Road (4693 words)

	RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY
		Simko told the news agency that the investigation into Sendrei's death is continuing, but said handcuffing suspects to radiators while they are under the influence of alcohol does not respect their dignity, and that he will try to ensure they are placed in cells in the future.
		The news agency also said that the best-placed candidate to be foreign minister, given the stated intention of Moldova to join the Belarus-Russia Union, is the current Moldovan ambassador in Moscow, Valeriu Bobutac.
		The percentage is a record for a new premier in office in Bulgaria, and is considerably higher than the 50 percent confidence rating given to him in a similar poll in June.
	www.rferl.org /newsline/2001/07/300701.asp (9407 words)

	Kazakstan -> General Information
		Kimek tribal alliance was comprised of 7 tribes: Eimur, Imak, Tatar, Bayandur, Kypchak, Lanikaz, Arzhlau.
		Ousting of the Iranian languages by the Turkic ones.
		By the middle of the XIth century Kypchaks reached South Russian steppes, that's why in Oriental sources East Kypchaks came to be called Desht-i-Kypchaks.
	members.tripod.com /~Dzhan/history/index.html (1186 words)

	Kyrgyzstan (10/01) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In October 1991, Akayev ran unopposed and was elected president of the new independent Republic by direct ballot, receiving 95% of the votes cast.
		For example, although the 1993 Constitution designates Kyrgyz as the official language, a June 1994 presidential decree stipulated that Russian will have official status alongside Kyrgyz in regions and at enterprises where Russian speakers constitute a majority, as well as in sectors--health, technical science--where the use of Russian is appropriate.
		In January 1999, a new OSCE office opened in Bishkek; on February 18, 2000 the OSCE announced that an additional office will be opened in Osh to assist Bishkek in carrying out its work.
	www.state.gov /outofdate/bgn/k/19356.htm (2468 words)

	ipedia.com: List of languages Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		More structured lists are also available: Language families and languages, ISO 639 List of languages by writing system, List of languages by tot...
		Ethnologue lists about 6,800 main languages in its language name index (see the external link) and distinguishes about 41,000 alternate language names and dialects.
		This list deals with particular languages, and includes only natural and constructed languages spoken by humans.
	www.ipedia.com /list_of_languages.html (203 words)

	UCLA Language Materials Project Language Profiles Page
		Uzbek is the official language of Uzbekistan, where about 15 million speak it as their first language.
		The Turkic languages, and the Mongolian-Tungus (Manchu-Tungusic) languages of Siberia and northeastern China are major divisions of the Altaic family or phylum (see Ruhlen 1987).
		Uzbek and (and not Russsian) was declared the officiail language of Uzbekistan in October 1989.
	www.lmp.ucla.edu /Profile.aspx?LangID=70&menu=004 (940 words)

	Central Asia - China-related Topics CE-CH - China-Related Topics
		The languages of the majority of the inhabitants of the former Soviet Central Asian Republics come from the Turkic languagesTurkic language group.
		Kazakh languageKazakh, Kyrgyz languageKyrgyz and Tatar languageTatar are related languages of the KipchaksKypchak group of Turkic languages, and are spoken throughout Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, and into Afghanistan, Xinjiang and Qinghai.
		Uzbek languageUzbek and Uighur languageUighur are spoken in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Xinjiang.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Central_Asia (2617 words)

	Ethnologue: Uzbekistan
		The language is close to North Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic.
		They are endogamous and do not mix with speakers of other languages.
		The census counted them with the Tatar, but the languages are distinct.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/ethno/Uzbe.html (546 words)

	Sorting It All Out : You don't order Tatar sauce for your Filet-o-Fish!
		The Tatar language is one of the two official languages of the republic of Tatarstan in the Russian Federation (Russian being the other one).
		The language of high education as well as the mass media is still predominantly Russian, and in urban areas more Russian is heard.
		But the Tatar language is being promoted by an active language policy in the republic, and since the end of the 20th century there has been a renaissance of the language.
	blogs.msdn.com /michkap/archive/2006/08/17/704559.aspx (960 words)

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