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	New Spain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		New Spain was ruled by a Mexico City-based viceroy appointed by the Spanish monarch.
		New Spain's territory included what is now Mexico and Central America (as far as the southern border of Costa Rica), and nearly all of the southwest United States, including all or parts of the modern-day U.S. states of California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas.
		The port of Veracruz was the viceroyalty's principal port on the Atlantic Ocean and the port of Acapulco its main harbor on the Pacific.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/New_Spain (2226 words)

	New Spain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		New Spain (in the Spanish language Nueva España) was the name given to the Spanish colonial territory in North America from c.
		New Spain was ruled by a Viceroy appointed by the King of Spain.
		The territory of New Spain included all of what is now Mexico, Central America down to the southern border of Costa Rica, and portions of the United States including the current states of California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas.
	www.beverlyhills.biz /project/wikipedia/index.php/New_Spain (224 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Spain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The geographical boundaries of Spain are: on the north, the Pyrenees, the Republic of Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay (known in Spain as Mar Cantabrico, or "Cantabrian Sea"); on the east, the Mediterranean; on the south, the Mediterranean, the Straits of Gibraltar and the Atlantic; on the west, Portugal and the Atlantic.
		Spain was formed by the coalition of various states, which for many centuries had kept their own names and boundaries, and had differed considerably in laws (the fueros), customs, characteristics, and methods of government.
		The chief concordats with Spain are: that of 1737 (Clement XII and Philip V); 1752 (Benedict XIV and Ferdinand VI); 1851 (Pius IX and Isabel II).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14169b.htm (17294 words)

	[No title]
		The earliest written literature in Spain was that written in Latin during the Roman and Visigoth periods, represented primarily by the well-known works of Lucan and Seneca of Cordoba and Martial of Aragon.
		Spain lost a great talent when, in 1936, Lorca was shot to death at the age of 37.
		Clearly there are new thoughts and styles afoot in Spain and one can only hope that this country, which gave so much of literary greatness to the world, will continue to contribute its unique rivulets to the mainstream of European thought.
	travelnet.co.il /espagne/menu/TheLiteratureofSpain2.htm (2997 words)

	Texas under New Spain
		With exit of rival-turned-ally France from the Americas and the cession of the Louisiana territory on the east to Spain by France in 1763 by the first Treaty of Paris, Texas temporarily lost its strategic importance and, consequently the attention of the government as the Louisiana Territory became the eastern frontier of New Spain.
		As an internal province rather than eastern border front of New Spain, attention for the period 1783 to 1803 was largely turned to protection of the three population centers, Nacogdoches, La Bahia and San Antonio de Bexar and the vast associated private ranches and farms from Indian raids.
		While in Spain, Salcedo was appointed the governor of Texas by the Council of the Indies in 1807 and arrived in Texas in the summer of 1808.
	www.tamu.edu /ccbn/dewitt/Spain.htm (7163 words)

	h. New Spain (Mexico). 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Following the intervention of Napoleon in Spain, creole elements sought a greater role in the government.
		A new defeat of revolutionary forces at the bridge of Calderón, near Guadalajara (Jan. 17), allowed Spanish authorities to capture Hidalgo.
		The liberal revolution in Spain (See 1820) threatened the position of the clergy and the upper classes.
	www.bartleby.com /67/1653.html (435 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Mexico
		Spain, it is true, rewarded the conquerors of Mexico just as nations to-day honour the victorious generals who have left in their wake devastated lands and battlefields strewn with the dead.
		Spain did not fail to demand a strict account from all who, after the submission of the people, exceeded the limits of their authority, and she used every measure within her reach, though not always successfully, to obtain fair treatment for the conquered Indians.
		In New Spain the Tribunal of the Inquisition was composed of three Apostolic inquisitors and a treasurer, each with a salary of three thousand pesos, paid three times a year in advance by the canonries of the cathedrals of their respective districts.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10250b.htm (16017 words)

	Excerpts - Sicsa Reports - Crypto-Jews and the Inquisition in New Spain in the 17th Century
		The forced converts (called anussim in Hebrew), were called "New Christians" to distinguish them from the "Old Christians;" they were also insultingly called "marranos," "tornadizos," and "alboraicos." In 1492, the Jews were expelled from Spain; the majority of them went to Portugal, where they were again subject to forced conversions in 1497.
		Spain in 1480, and Portugal in 1536, established in their lands the Holy Office of the Inquisition, to investigate the loyalty of the "New Christians" to the Catholic faith.
		New Christians who were of Jewish descent were there from the beginning of the Conquest, but the most important waves of immigrants, several hundred of them, arrived in the 80s of the 16th, and in the 20s and 30s of the 17th centuries.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/7016/CryptoJews.htm (1513 words)

	Table of Contents and Excerpt, Dunmire, Gardens of New Spain
		Spain: The word evokes a scent of orange and jasmine, passion of a flamenco dancer, the language of love, steel of a Toledo sword.
		Spain, too, was the collection point and place of departure for a Mediterranean plantway leading to America, a conduit for crops and animals unknown to people of the New World before Columbus.
		The usual diet for rulers and commoners alike in Christian Spain was based on the trilogy of meat, wheat, and wine; however, Arabs were more accustomed to a mix of fruit, vegetables, and legumes, and their cuisine was conspicuously low in animal protein, though lamb was almost always served at banquets.
	www.utexas.edu /utpress/excerpts/exdungar.html (8371 words)

	Spain (12/05)
		Spain's accession to the European Community--now European Union (EU)--in January 1986 required the country to open its economy, modernize its industrial base, improve infrastructure, and revise economic legislation to conform to EU guidelines.
		Spain has been an effective example of transition from authoritarianism to democracy, as shown in the many trips that Spain's King and Prime Ministers have made to the region.
		Spain and the United States have a long history of official relations and are closely associated in many fields.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2878.htm (3753 words)

	Weekend: Spain has new designs on Tampa
		The new sparse white decor is punctuated over the bar by a canvas in red and yellow, the colors in the Spanish flag.
		That rugged region on the northwest coast of Spain, which gave Tampa so many gallego ancestors and a hearty caldo of their soup, is also fond of seafood.
		Spain's move left a gap in the old quarters on Twiggs, which have been appropriately filled by the Jerk Hut and a new generation of immigrant cooks who fill the steam table with oxtail stew, escovitch and curry.
	www.sptimes.com /2003/10/23/Weekend/Spain_has_new_designs.shtml (957 words)

	New Spain's Century of Depression
		So I might best define my task as to explain why New Spain's Century of Depression, published in 1951 as number 35 of the University of California Press's celebrated Ibero?Americana series, should be counted one of the truly important works of twentieth?century economic history, especially for those who have yet to make its acquaintance.
		The burden of New Spain's Century of Depression was to suggest the impact of the massive decline of the aboriginal population of Central Mexico (whom we can simply, if incorrectly, call Indians) on the material prospects of the Iberian conquerors (whom we can simply, and equally incorrectly, call Spaniards) and their descendants.
		As Borah understood it, the intent of the Spaniards was to live off the labor of the dense Indian population they had encountered in Central Mexico, a population accustomed to the rule of a privileged upper stratum by generations of Mesoamerican conquerors of whom the Aztec were simply the most recent.
	www.eh.net /bookreviews/library/salvucci.shtml (3375 words)

	Mexico History -MEXICO'S COLONIAL ERA--PART I: The Settlement of New Spain
		In Spain the functions of these panels of oidores (judges) were limited to judicial matters, whereas in overseeing the colonies they wielded wide executive and legislative powers.
		Denied the full command over New Spain that he desired, Cortés nonetheless returned to Mexico in 1530 with the title Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca.
		Spain's horizons were broadened even further as explorations along the Pacific coast led to the opening of maritime gateways to Asia.
	www.mexconnect.com /mex_/travel/dpalfrey/dpcolonial1.html (824 words)

	New Spain - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about New Spain
		Viceroyalty, or province, of Spain's empire in the New World established 1536.
		After a century of decline, New Spain grew steadily from 1770 until it fell to the independence movements 1810–21.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /New+Spain (136 words)

	Spain
		Spain, originally inhabited by Celts, Iberians, and Basques, became a part of the Roman Empire in 206 B.C., when it was conquered by Scipio Africanus.
		Spain then sank rapidly to the status of a second-rate power under the rule of weak Hapsburg kings, and it never again played a major role in European politics.
		In May, the new prime minister made good on his campaign promise, recalling Spain's 1,300 soldiers from Iraq, much to the displeasure of the United States, which said Spain was appeasing terrorists.
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0107987.html (1547 words)

	New Spain Encyclopedia Article @ HillCountryArts.com (Hill Country Arts) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It remained a possession of the Spanish crown until the Spanish-American War.
		After the refusal of the Spanish monarchy to recognize the independence of Mexico the "Ejercito Trigarante" (Army of the Three Guarantees) cut all political and economic ties with the Kingdom of Spain.
		So then, the ships that set sail from Veracruz were generally loaded with merchandise from the Orient originating from the commercial centers of the Phillipines, plus the precious metals and natural resources of Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean.
	www.hillcountryarts.com /encyclopedia/New_Spain (1510 words)

	Orchestra of New Spain - ABOUT US
		The Orchestra of New Spain was founded in 1989 by conductor Grover Wilkins as a means of enhancing the place of the landmark Cathedral Santuario de Guadalupe in the heart of the aborning Dallas Arts District.
		The opening to Spain by the European Common Market, the influx of Hispanics into the US in recent years, and the Hemisphere Trade Agreement all point to an increasing awareness of the presence and importance of Hispanic traditions in contemporary culture and society.
		The Orchestra of New Spain is on the cutting edge of a new-found interest in Hispanic society and culture.
	www.orchestraofnewspain.org /about_us.php (993 words)

	Spain in the Revolution
		The French and Indian War, 1756-1763, was the genesis of Spain's aid to the Patriots in the American Revolution, for Britain, in conquering France and Spain, set the stage for international revenge.
		Spain was watching the unfolding colonial reactions -- Boston Tea Party, Lexington and Concord, oratory by the likes of Patrick Henry and the writings of Tom Paine among others, which were viewed as acts of treason by Britain, but noted as steps toward independence by Spain.
		Spain responded to this offer; in four ways, but not openly: money loaned, money given; a clandestine world trading company to provide war materiel and to bring European military leaders to America; opening literally a second front; and sending Spanish observers to America.
	www.americanrevolution.org /hispanic.html (1842 words)

	USATODAY.com - Spain's new leader pledges to withdraw troops from Iraq (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A day after his Socialists swept Spain's ruling conservatives from power in elections overshadowed by terrorist bombings, Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero also promised to lead a more pro-European government that would restore "magnificent relations" with France and Germany — which unlike Spain's outgoing government both opposed the Iraq war.
		The election was held amid charges that Aznar made Spain a target for terrorists by supporting the war, and that his government concealed possible connections between the attack and Islamic terrorists for political gain.
		Spain and Poland have argued with Germany and France over a proposed new EU voting system that Madrid and Warsaw fear would lessen their influence in the bloc.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2004-03-14-spain-votes_x.htm (982 words)

	History
		New Mexico is a timeless land of ancient cultural traditions and striking environmental diversity.
		By the end of the 13th century, the Anasazi had completely abandoned their high-walled cities in northwestern New Mexico and the rest of the Four Corners area and drifted south where, along with the farmers from the Rio Grande, they developed the sophisticated Pueblo communities.
		Although New Mexico was colonized nearly 25 years before the Pilgrims' arrival at Plymouth Rock, it did not achieve statehood until Jan. 6, 1912, when it was admitted to the Union as the 47th state.
	www.ocf.berkeley.edu /~celina/history.html (836 words)

	Spain's New Leader Appoints 8 Women to Cabinet
		Spain's new prime minister has made history by assigning half of his cabinet seats to women and backing legislation to fight domestic violence and legalize abortion.
		The milestones show how far Spain has come in the 29 years since the end of the arch-conservative dictatorship of General Francisco Franco, when a man had a legal right to "discipline" his wife by beating her and holding hands in public was prohibited.
		"I am proud that Spain is now on par with Sweden, in terms of parity in government," Fernandez de la Vega said several days after she ended her stint as acting head of government.
	www.womensenews.org /article.cfm/dyn/aid/1827/context/cover (1309 words)

	Cover story -- Spain: A new battle plan
		What is coming into focus in Spain may therefore hint at the broader political and cultural strategy of the Catholic church under Benedict XVI, and the tensions inside and outside the church that strategy might generate.
		Two other senior figures conspicuous by their absence were the new president of the Spanish bishops’ conference, Bishop Ricardo Blázquez Pérez of Bilbao, and Amigo Vallejo, both seen as favoring greater moderation in the relationship with the government.
		Spain has one of the least generous maternity leave systems in Europe, he said, and is one of the most difficult countries in which to receive a flexible work schedule to allow for care of children.
	ncronline.org /NCR_Online/archives2/2005c/070105/070105a.php (3700 words)

	CNN.com - Spain threatens Iraq pull-out - Mar 15, 2004
		MADRID, Spain (CNN) -- Spain's prime minister-elect has described the country's participation in the war in Iraq as "a total error," and says he plans to withdraw 1,300 Spanish troops in June.
		Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero told a news conference Monday that if the U.N. did not take over control of Iraq, he believed Spanish troops would come back on June 30 -- the date the Coalition Provisional Authority is scheduled to turn over power to an interim Iraqi government.
		Spain had been due to take charge of the division on July 1.
	www.cnn.com /2004/WORLD/europe/03/15/spain.election (619 words)

	Spain's New Golden Age
		In the space of 30 years, Spain has shifted from a dictatorship to a democracy, from economic stagnation to growth, from cultural isolation to a place on the world's main stage.
		Some of the most exciting evidence of the new Spain is in lesser-known cities.
		When Spain first joined the EU, it was one of the poorest nations in the union and needed investment to get up to economic speed.
	www.budgettravelonline.com /bt-dyn/content/article/2005/06/04/AR2005060400820.html (1330 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| Housework looms for Spanish men
		MPs in Spain have drawn up a marriage contract for use in civil ceremonies which obliges men to share household chores and the care of children and elderly family members.
		The new law, which will be introduced this summer in Spain, promises a revolution in a country where nearly half of all men admit to doing no housework at all.
		A number of women's rights groups in Spain say they oppose the housework law because it belittles the issue of sexual equality, making it laughable.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/4100140.stm (997 words)

	Spain approves new Immigration Law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The intent of the law is to regulate the flow of immigrants who have made this country one of the new meccas for undocumented workers coming from the Third World.
		However several human rights’ organizations claim that the new law will leave an additional 1 million workers, who are part of Spain’s subterranean or informal economy, still without benefits.
		FAIR USE NOTICE: In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving such material(s) for informational, research and educational purposes.
	www.mexidata.info /id355.html (167 words)

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