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Topic: New Zealand Fur Seal

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	Fur Seals
		This fur seal is brown to dark grey in colour, with a yellow chest and throat area and a dark brown ventral.
		The New Zealand population is estimated at 30,000-50,000 and seems to be increasing.
		Fur seal milk is composed of 44% fat, 42% water and 14% protein by mass at the start of a suckling period.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/jaap/furseals.htm (4502 words)

	Welcome to Forest and Bird
		The deaths of fur seals in fisheries is a threat to this genetic diversity.
		The main fur seal populations are on the West Coast of the South Island, Fiordland, Solander Island and Bounty Islands.
		Fur seals are capable of diving to over 200 metres depth in search of food and barracouta may seasonally be a significant finfish species in their diet.
	www.forestandbird.org.nz /Marine/furseals/factsheet.asp (1756 words)

	New Zealand Fur Seal or Kekeno (Arctocephalus fosteri)
		Fur seals breed in the South Island on rocky shorelines and islands south of New Zealand.
		The New Zealand fur seal was persecuted for many years in the 1800s for their skins but in 1894 they were given full protection.
		This seal is predated on by sharks, orca, and larger seals.
	www.ohopebeach.info /nature-marine-mammals-seals-fur.htm (208 words)

	Interactions with Fisheries
		New Zealand fur seal numbers are increasing, and they have been found to be re-colonising part of their earlier habitat.
		Seals eat a commercially fished species of arrow-squid, however they target a much smaller size than is gathered by the fishing industry, and their other prey species are of little or no interest to commercial and recreational fishers.
		Fur seals and sea lions killed during fishing operations were dissected to estimate age at first reproduction, maximum age, reproductive rate, stomach contents and foetal growth.
	www.otago.ac.nz /marinescience/mammals/fishery.htm (930 words)

	Seal Swim Kaikoura :: New Zealands original seal swimming team
		The New Zealand Fur Seal is widespread throughout the country, and is also found on the sub-Antarctic islands.
		Although Fur Seals were hunted to the brink of extinction in many areas by early European settlers, the population is now conservatively estimated to be 50-60000, with an annual increase in numbers of 2%.
		Fur Seals spend several days out at sea feeding (foraging trips may range 1-8 days) and then come ashore ("haul-out") for a day or so to rest and/or suckle their pups.
	www.sealswimkaikoura.co.nz /main/NZFur (543 words)

	seal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Prior to human settlement in New Zealand, the New Zealand Fur Seal occupied the rocky coastline of the entire mainland and inshore islands and the remote offshore islands to the south and east.
		The seal is vulnerable to human exploitation because of its colonial breeding, when most of a population congregates at one place.
		There is clear evidence of breeding populations of seals at this time in the far north of the North island, east coast of the Coromandel Peninsula, the western shores of Cook Strait, South Westland, the east and south-east shores of Otago, Stewart Island, Fiordland.
	www.naturespace.co.nz /paradise/seal.htm (600 words)

	Taxonomy Order (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		New Zealand fur seals are non migratory and prefer rocky habitat with shelter.
		The New Zealand population is estimated at 30,000-50,000.
		New Zealand fur seals were hunted by native peoples before commercial sealing by Europeans began in the early 19th century.
	www.imma.org /pinnipeds/nzfursea.htm (368 words)

	Seals in Kaikoura, New Zealand. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The New Zealand Fur Seal is only found on the coasts of New Zealand and it’s sub-Antarctic islands with a few colonies on the south coast of Australia.
		Today seals are again finding themselves at the center of interest to commercial operators but this time it is in a passive way that the seals themselves seem to find very entertaining.
		Once in the water the seals are extremely agile and nosy creatures that love to show off their skills to the clumsy invaders of their realm.
	www.virtual-kaikoura.com /wildlife/seals/seals.htm (651 words)

	recent projects - MEL - Biological Sciences - University of Canterbury - New Zealand
		Phylogenetics and biogeography of the endemic New Zealand cockroach genus Celatoblatta (Blattidae)
		A molecular genetic examination of population structure and patterns of migration in the New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri).
		New Zealand's endemic frog, Leiopelma hochstetteri, is a good model for studying the effects of population fragmentation on patterns of genetic diversity.
	www.biol.canterbury.ac.nz /MEL/recent_projects.shtml (979 words)

	Fur seal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Both the fur seals and the true seals are members of the Pinnipedia, which is usually regarded as a suborder of the order Carnivora but sometimes as an independent order.
		However, the fur seals, like their close relatives the sea lions, retain some ability to walk on land as their hind limbs can be brought forward under the body to bear the animal's weight, and retain small but visible external ears.
		The fur seals and the sea lions as a group make up the family Otariidae, and are called eared seals or walking seals to distinguish them from the earless true seals of the family Phocidae.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fur_seal (183 words)

	Project Jonah New Zealand
		The New Zealand fur seal is listed in Appendix II of CITES (The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora 1973).
		New Zealand fur seals were hunted by Polynesians and later by Europeans for almost 1,000 years.
		During the 18th and 19th centuries they were nearly hunted to extinction by the fur trade, but are now protected by the New Zealand Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 and are beginning to re-colonise areas in their pre-exploitation range.
	www.whalerescue.co.nz /text/resources_fact_fur.html (553 words)

	index
		New Zealand fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, are the only marine mammal found regularly ashore on accessible sections of the New Zealand coastline and are therefore the target of both land and sea-based tourism.
		The time that fur seals come ashore to breed (Nov-Feb) coincides with the peak tourist season making it important that we understand the implications of tourist/seal interactions on the behaviour as well as the reproductive success of the species.
		To research the effects tourism has on New Zealand fur seals and to also learn more about their general physiology and behaviour, the research group has taken several different projects.
	www.geocities.com /nzseals (184 words)

	The Australia Fur Seal
		Being the largest of the fur seals they can eventually reach a weight of 360 kg for the males and 110 kg for the females, with the pups being 5 - 12 kg (for males) and 4 - 10 kg (for females) at birth.
		The Australian fur seal is commonly seen in south eastern Australian waters, from Seal Rocks in New South Wales down to Tasmania.
		They differ from the New Zealand fur seal (which is also found in Australian waters) in that its breeding habitat is on exposed rocky shores (the New Zealand fur seal prefers sheltered boulder beaches), although both the Australian fur seal and the New Zealand fur seal can be found in colonies at Montague Island.
	www.abyss.com.au /seals.html (425 words)

	Welcome to Forest and Bird
		Fur seals are drowned in significant numbers in trawl nets throughout the New Zealand's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).
		As fur seals return to their former mainland haunts, we will also have to ensure stretches of the coastline are left open and wild, providing the seals with safe refuges from coastal subdivision, four-wheel drives and dogs.
		Seal colonies are popular with humans but people, often unaware of appropriate behaviour when visiting a seal colony, can put themselves and the seals at risk.
	www.forestandbird.org.nz /Marine/furseals.asp (625 words)

	Australian Antarctic Division - Fur seals
		Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) breed mainly on subantarctic islands south of the Antarctic convergence including the South Orkney and South Shetland Islands, South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands, Bouvet Island, Iles Kerguelen, and Heard Island, with only three colonies (on Marion Island, Iles Crozet, and Macquarie Island) lying north of the convergence.
		Fur seals at South Georgia feed mainly on krill while at Heard Island and at Macquarie Island they feed mainly on fish, and some squid.
		In the last century fur seals were killed for their skins, and many populations were wiped out.
	www.aad.gov.au /?casid=1734 (590 words)

	SEALS AND SEALING - The New Zealand Fur Seal - 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
		The New Zealand fur seal is peculiar to this country, although very similar to a closely related form inhabiting southern Australia and Tasmania.
		The fur is grey-brown, with a dense buff, stone-coloured, or reddish under-pelt; nose and flippers are dark brown shading to fl.
		Fur seals are most characteristically seen on rocky headlands and reefs, where they drape themselves in seemingly comfortless positions for sleep.
	www.teara.govt.nz /1966/S/SealsAndSealing/TheNewZealandFurSeal/en (370 words)

	The Action Plan for Australian Seals
		When referring to seals on the coast of mainland Australia and its inshore islands, and in nearby waters, the expressions “Australian coast” and “Australian mainland waters” are used.
		Three species, the New Zealand fur-seal, Australian fur-seal and Antarctic fur-seal, are considered to be Lower Risk, conservation dependent because the cessation of a “habitatspecific conservation programme” could lead to each of them qualifying for a threatened category if ready access by humans to breeding sites were permitted during the breeding season.
		The southern elephant seal and leopard seal frequently visit the Australian coast, particularly Tasmania, where they are the object of public attention.
	www.deh.gov.au /coasts/publications/seals-action-plan.html (1172 words)

	Twilight Wildlife Experience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		True seals just have a little ear-hole in the sides of their head and can only use the flexibility of their body to move about on land.
		New Zealand Fur Seals and Hooker's Sea Lions not only differ in size but their hind legs are also different.
		Fur Seal's have hind limbs that are fused together, while Sea Lions are able to move them independently.
	www.wilddunedin.co.nz /Photos_page/Twilight_photos_fur_seals.html (150 words)

	Arctocephalus forsteri, New Zealand Fur Seal at MarineBio.org
		In New Zealand, this fur seal species can be found on the rocky coastline in the southern portion of the country on South Island and on many of the offshore islands.
		The New Zealand fur seal, Arctocephalus forsteri, in New Zealand are opportunistic feeders feeding on cephalopods (Arrow squid) and fish such as anchovy, lanternfish, and hoki.
		New Zealand fur seals are preyed upon by sharks, Orca (Killer whales), Leopard seals and Hooker's (New Zealand) sea lions.
	marinebio.org /species.asp?id=308 (1715 words)

	Marineland of New Zealand, Napier - Our Animals
		Distribution: The main colonies of NZ Fur Seals are found around the coast of the South Island and Stewart Island.
		Characteristics: The NZ Fur Seal belongs to the same family as the California Sea Lion and is similar except in the fur.
		The NZ Fur Seals at Marineland are all either animals that have been brought in sick or have been bred from sick and injured animals.
	www.marineland.co.nz /animals.php (1180 words)

	Seals - New Zealand fur seal - Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand
		New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri, or kekeno) are found around New Zealand and its offshore islands, and southern Australia.
		Fur seals will forage up to 200 kilometres beyond the continental slope, often diving as deep as 200 metres.
		The seals breed on steep boulder beaches with plenty of crevices and tidal pools.
	www.teara.govt.nz /EarthSeaAndSky/SeaLife/Seals/5/en (561 words)

	Fur Seal (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		New Zealand fur seal (Kekeno) has been a success story for recolonising an area from which it was hunted to extinction by European seal hunters last century.
		Fur seals as their name suggests have a very dense secondary layer of fur underneath the visible grey-brown guard hairs.
		Fur seals prefer rocky shores close to their food supply.
	ourworld.compuserve.com.cob-web.org:8888 /homepages/ELM_WILDLIFE_TOUR/fur_seal.htm (162 words)

	Threatened Species - New Zealand Fur seal
		Another threat to seals is their persecution by fishermen who feel seals are a threat to the fishing industry.
		All five pinnepeds or eared seals occurring in Australian and New Zealand waters suffered from severe and unregulated exploitation during the early colonisation and economic development of Australia.
		Seal populations are continually monitored and information has been gathered on their diet.
	www.parks.tas.gov.au /threatened/seal.html (406 words)

	Fur seal returned to the sea after care in Pet Porpoise Pool
		However this NZ fur seal was considered an exception due to the injuries and the possibility of further stress and injury."
		Seals are all very cute and may appear to be docile when hauled-out, however people must remember that they can be very dangerous.
		Keep your pets especially dogs away from the seal as they are prone to harassing seals and may also be badly injured or killed if the seal is provoked.
	www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au /npws.nsf/Content/dec_media_060613_04 (552 words)

	DPIWE - New Zealand Fur Seal
		Australia-wide, the population is estimated to be 58,000.
		It is very difficult to tell the difference between the Australian fur seal and the New Zealand fur seal.
		The New Zealand fur seal is slightly smaller than the Australian fur seal and are best distinguished from this species by their much darker colouration.
	www.dpiwe.tas.gov.au /inter.nsf/WebPages/BHAN-53K7C8?open (317 words)

	( a q w a ) Welcome to the Aquarium of Western Australia.
		The male seal, aged around ten months old, was found in an emaciated condition with a cataract on its right eye and a number of cuts and abrasions.
		Although New Zealand Fur Seals are found further south of Perth, it is unusual to find them on local beaches; this seal being only the second of the species cared for by AQWA in over fourteen years.
		A young Sub Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus tropicalis) found stranded on a beach in Mandurah last month, is on the road to recovery...
	www.aqwa.com.au /media/20031213a.asp (402 words)

	Whale watching and dolphin tour, New Zealand
		We have a chance of encountering ten species of cetaceans; humpback, Bryde’s, Southern right, Minke, pilot and sperm whales, and bottlenose, common and Hector’s dolphin as well as the world’s larges dolphin (the orca) and two species of pinnipeds (the New Zealand fur seal and sealion).
		Born in New Zealand, Ingrid has loved the marine environment since she was a small child.
		Researching whales and dolphins was always her dream, and after 10 years research she completed her Ph.D. on the New Zealand orca (killer whales).
	www.firstlighttravel.com /group_whale_trail.html (780 words)

	Funding Grants -Whale and Dolphin Adoption Project,New Zealand.
		During the 2002/2003 austral summer season, I collected data on, behaviour, morphometrics, and health of the New Zealand fur seal in the Kaikoura region, a region which is a popular wildlife tourist destination.
		The New Zealand fur seal was chosen for this study because the rapid increase in seal based eco-tourism raises questions about how we might best monitor the impacts of these activities to ensure that they are sustainable and wildlife-friendly.
		More than 100 faecal samples were collected in fur seal breeding sites characterised by different levels of tourism on the NZ east coast (mainly around Kaikoura) in collaboration between Dr Abigail Caudron and PhD student Laura Boren, Department of Zoology, University of Canterbury.
	www.adopt-a-dolphin.com /laura_boren.htm (731 words)

	Seaweek 2004- MESA
		In contrast, New Zealand fur seals were most commonly entangled in loops of packing tape and trawl net fragments suspected to be from regional rock lobster and trawl fisheries.
		For a seal in the middle of the ocean, a loop made of plastic or rope is something to throw around to help pass the time, but the seal doesn't realise that such toys can kill.
		If a seal is lucky it has picked up a loop biodegradable packing strap, which starts off around fishers bait boxes, and the seal may get a second chance if the loop rots and breaks off its neck.
	www.mesa.edu.au /seaweek2004/discovery06.asp (1189 words)

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