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Topic: Newari script

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	List of writing systems - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The usual name of the script is given first (and bolded); the name of the language(s) in which the script is written follows (in brackets), particularly in the case where the language name differs from the script name.
		Ideographic scripts (in which graphemes are ideograms representing concepts or ideas, rather than a specific word in a language), and pictographic scripts (in which the graphemes are iconic pictures) are not thought to be able to express all that can be communicated by language.
		An abugida, or alphasyllabary, is a segmental script in which vowel sounds are denoted by diacritical marks or other systematic modification of the consonants.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_writing_systems (1356 words)

	Encyclopedia: Brahmic family (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Brahmic scripts are descended from the Brahmi script of ancient India, which in turn is believed to be descended from a Semitic script, thus they probably have a common ancestor with the European scripts.
		The Siddham script was especially important in Buddhism because many sutras were written in it, and the art of Siddham calligraphy survives today in Japan.
		The Kharoṣṭhī script, also known as the Gāndhārī script, is an ancient alphabetic script used by the Gandhara culture of historic northwest India to write the Gandhari and Sanskrit languages (the Gandhara kingdom was located along the present-day border between Afghanistan and Pakistan between the Indus River and the...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Brahmic-family (2041 words)

	Encyclopedia: Nepali language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Nepali is the easternmost of the Pahari languages, a group of related languages spoken across the lower elevations of the Himalaya range, from eastern Nepal through the Indian states of Uttaranchal and Himachal Pradesh.
		The Pahari languages, also known as Northern Zone languages, are a group of related Indo-Aryan languages or dialects spoken in the lower ranges of the Himalayas from Nepal in the east to the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh in the west.
		Bhujimol is an older script native to Nepal.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Nepali-language (959 words)

	Journal- Rethinking Tibeto-Burman-3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		While most Thangmi are reconciled to using a slightly modified form of the Devanagari script to write their language, and sensibly believe that they never had their own unique writing system, some of the more militant members of the community are eager to unearth any indication of a uniquely Thangmi script.
		The lexicalisation of a language and the development, or resurrection, of a suitable script or set of orthographical conventions are prerequisites for introducing a language into education as the medium of instruction, the latter being a primary aim of many language activists.
		The advantage of the Nepali script is that it is widely recognised and understood by citizens from different ethnic backgrounds, largely on account of the growing education sector and the boom in print media post-1990.
	www.questhimalaya.com /journal/turin-tibeto-burman-03.htm (1275 words)

	Brahmi Script
		The Kharosthi Script was more or less contemporarily with the Brahmi script, appearing around the 3rd century BCE mainly in modern-day northern Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan, although some examples do occur in India.
		Eventually the Kharosthi script fell out of use by the 3rd or 4th century CE, and the descendent of Brahmi eventually took hold in the northwestern India to Assam in the east -- the extent of Asoka Empire and the outlying areas..
		This elegant script appeared in India most certainly by the 5th century BC (UKT: the time line corresponds with the birth of Gottama Buddha), but the fact that it had many local variants even in the early texts suggests that its origin lies further back in time.
	www.tuninst.net /Linguistics/script-brahmi/brahmi.htm (1853 words)

	Understanding Buddhism Through Ancient Indian Script
		Thus, for the retention of thoughts scripts were coined and thoughts, commentaries were further written to expand the literature of those places.
		These scripts were used to be written in Pali as well as the regional languages thereby became a powerful vehicle for the spread and retaintion of Buddhist religion and culture in those regions.
		In the third quarter of 19th century knowledge of scripts was greater amongst Indians.
	www.ibiblio.org /gautam/budd0004.htm (1934 words)

	CHAPTER II: THE NEWARS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Newari rituals are very complex and are supported by “more than 1.500 titles which codify rituals and rites, including the rites du passage.”(Malla 1982:15) Unfortunately, most are in classical Newari and (thus) not accessible to the layman.
		The Newari culture is notably urban: most, except for some of the formerly “untouchable” households, live in houses of several stories, having the kitchen on the top floor, whereas the ground floors are used for storage or a shop, generally run by the family.
		Newari pride goes back especially to the Malla period, when the great temples and cities of the valley were built.
	web.telia.com /~u18515267/CHAPTERII.htm (7844 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The scrips are all of the same basic type, though with considerable variations.]]} {north-indic, definition, [[The north indic scripts are the scripts derived from the northern branch of Ashokan brahmi.
		These scripts show clear family resemblances.]]} {south-indic, definition, [[The south indic scripts are the scripts derived from the southern branch of Ashokan brahmi.
		It is relatively sparsely attested.]]} {south-iberian, description, [[The script is partly alphabetic and partly syllabic, and its ancestry is unknown, though clearly Greek or Semitic.
	www.accountingontology.com /omnigator/docs/i18n.ltm (894 words)

	Bhujimol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bhujimol script, palm-leaf MS of the Devimahatmya, Bihar or Nepal, 11th century.
		Bhujimol is the name of the most ancient form of the Nepali script.
		There are Swastika marks at the two ends of the upper face with a Chakra mark in between.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bhujimol (200 words)

	Newari script Definition / Newari script Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Newari script additionally known as the Ranjana script is used for writing the NewariThe Newar are the indigenous ethnolinguistic group of Nepal's Kathmandu valley.
		It is is a Brahmic script and shows similarities to the DevanagariDevanāgarī (देवनागरी) (ISCII – IS13194:1991) [1] is a script used to write several Indian languages, including Sanskrit, Hindi, Marathi, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Bihari, Konkani, Bhojpuri and Nepali from Nepal.
		Newari script is a product of our own soil.
	www.elresearch.com /Newari_script (186 words)

	EnjoyNepal :: Guide To Languages
		Nepali is written in the Devanagari script while only a few tribal languages have a separate script.
		Newari, the language of the Kathmandu valley (the indigenous people of the valley are the Newars) however has a unique script called “Ranjana”.
		However migration and the unification of the country has led to the intermingling of different ethnic groups and today, Nepali speaking people are found in all parts of the country except the remote Himalayan regions in the north.
	enjoynepal.com /Travel_Guide/about_nepal/tg_aboutnepal_languages.asp (459 words)

	wiki/Newari Definition / wiki/Newari Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Nepal Bhasa script is estimated to be at least 1200 years old.
		Nepal Bhasa inscriptions in an ancient manuscript, Nidan, from 901 AD Events Mesoamerican ballgame court dedicated at Uxmal Kingdom of Taebong established in Korean peninsula Fuzhou city was expanded with construction of a new city wall ("Luo City").
		Although the Kumari is Buddhist, she is revered and worshipped by the country's Buddhists and Hindus alike....
	www.elresearch.com /wiki/Newari (2147 words)

	Exposition - Vol. II No. 1 April - June 1994
		The Brahmi script is the parent of several families and sub-families of scripts developed in India (North and South India) and in Southeast Asia, Tibet, Nepal and Sri Lanka.
		In North India scripts of the Guptas, Vakatakas and Palas evolved from the Asokan Brahmi script.
		The Pallava script was further developed in various forms in different regions of South India on the one hand on the other it was taken to South East Asia, to be further developed into Khmer, Thai, Laotion and Indonesian scripts.
	www.ignca.nic.in /nl_00307.htm (1102 words)

	TitleFactory - Language and Script Support
		In this case the script is actually represented in the area normally reserved for Latin 1 scripts.
		Also, when utilizing a non-western script and the Textmode is Un-Wrapped or Wrapped, make sure that the 'Ending Punctuation' is set to the characters that the script uses to end a sentence.
		Script encoding, therefore is performed with TitleFactory for certain scripts.
	www.titlefactory.com /TitleFactoryDocs/script.htm (1027 words)

	Ranjana script
		The Ranjana script, which is also known as Kutila or Lantsa, is one of the many alphabets derived from the Brahmi script.
		It developed during the 11th century AD and was used until the mid-20th century in India and Nepal by the Newari people to write the Newari language.
		Newari is also written with the Devanagari alphabet.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/ranjana.htm (269 words)

	Newars - Indo Tibetan Interface
		] the Newari language is known as Nepal Bharsa, and in Newari it is known as Nepal Bhaye.
		Although Newari is a Tibeto-Burman language by stock, its literary dialects are deeply influenced by the Indo-Aryan [sic] dialects, models, and traditions.
		The Shah period was initiated with the conquest of the valley by Prithvi Narayan Shah in 1769.
	www.geocities.com /newanepal/perlowdin/the_newars.html (5172 words)

	gujarati script translations - proper names
		translations of the Indus writing into another known language, researchers have little to go on in their quest to decipher the script...
		written in Brahmi script date from this period...
		Newari, Bengali, Oriya, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Lahnda, Kannada, Telugu...
	www.smartguru.com /gujarati_music_translation/gujarati-script-translations---proper-names.html (241 words)

	Books on Himalayan & Indian Languages - Hindi, Nepali, Newari, Sanskrit, Tibetan
		With Nepali script throughout, and helpful guides to pronunciation and grammar, you'll never be stuck for words.
		This Newari-English dictionary is the standard work on the classical form of this language of the Kathmandu Valley - that is, the language of Newari manuscripts of the 14th to the 19th centuries.
		It is very helpful for those wishing to study written Newari, translate the numerous Newari versions and commentaries of Sanskrit works or utilise the Newari language for a study of Tibetan-Burmese comparative philology.
	www.pilgrimsbooks.com /language.html (1513 words)

	TitleFactory - Language and Script Support (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		For Western scripts, Eastern European scrpts, Cryllic (such as Russian) scripts, and Southeast Asian scripts (such as Chinese and Japanese) this encoding parameter should be set to UTF-8.
		Script encoding, therefore is performed with TFactory for certain scripts.
		Hebrew, and other Right to Left scripts (The only encoding done with these is to transform the characters such that they appear in the correct order).
	www.titlefactory.com /Docs/script.htm (872 words)

	Brahmi Script (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This script appeared in India most certainly by the 5th century BC, but the fact that just like the Greek alphabet, it had many local variants, which suggests that its origin lies further back in time.
		Already in the last centuries BC the script was divided into 3 varieties: northern, south-eastern, and southern.
		The Brahmi script is the ancestor of practically all modern Indian writing systems, at all there are about 40 varieties of them nowadays, including Tibetan, Singhalese, Sharada, Newari, Bengali, Oriya, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Lahnda, Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, Burmese, Khmer, Lao, Thai, Devanagari.
	indoeuro.bizland.com /project/script/brahm.html (438 words)

	Words Alive! - Project 1Teachers' Zone
		This is a beautiful palm-leaf manuscript of the Devimahatmya, a Sanskrit hymn extolling the Goddess as the Supreme Principle of the Universe.
		It was copied in 'Newari' script in 1549 and illuminated in Nepal with thirty-two miniatures and painted covers in the reign of Jayapranamalla of Bhaktapur (1523 - ?
		Hinduism is widely thought of as a religion with a multiplicity of gods and goddesses, but in fact the vast majority of Hindus worship only one of these (normally either Vishnu or Siva) as the Supreme Principle of the Universe, while duly acknowledging a selection of the others for personal worship.
	www.blewa.co.uk /project1/teachers/T1-5-b2.htm (272 words)

	PHAGSPA LAMA
		When Khubilai Khan asked for artists and craftsmen, it was Phagspa who recommended Anige, the phenomenal Newari artist who came to Dadu in 1260 with twenty-four artisans and contributed greatly to the art of the Yuan dynasty.
		This script was used on all official documents and seals (see cat.
		His red robe is woven with gold shou, or longevity, characters, a colorful contrast to the more somber gray scarf, which billows from his elbows in the same style as the silver Amitayus (cat.
	www.asianart.com /mongolia/phagspa.html (550 words)

	Newari script - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Newari script also known as the Ranjana script is used for writing the Newari language of Nepal.
		It is is a Brahmic script and shows similarities to the Devanagari script of northern India and Nepal.
		This page was last modified 07:56, 28 March 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Newari_script (83 words)

	Prem Suwal: Interviews: Traditional Nepalese Arts
		The city of Bhaktapur, also called Khopa in Newari, was founded in the eighth century.
		Trainees can also chose from weaving, dressmaking and fabric painting, vocational education to ancient Newari script reading and writing.
		Guthis, which are programs that deal with social and traditional issues, also teach traditional music, song and dance that are used in local festivals to the youth of Bhaktapur.
	www.spinybabbler.org /traditional_arts/interviews/prem_suwal.php (1112 words)

	Local News [The Kathmandu Post (Nepal)]
		Ramesh Man Sthapit, from the chair, said languages and scripts are the property of the nation and they need the protection of the state to keep them alive in the changing scenario of development.
		The computer font of Nepal script was developed by Rabindra Pachhai with the co-operation of the Nepal Lipi Guthi, the organisation doing research on ancient Nepal script and also creating awareness among the people on its use.
		Historians say the Nepal script has been in use since the 9th century,or before, in the Kathmandu Valley and it has about a dozen varieties.
	nepalnews.com /contents/englishdaily/ktmpost/2001/sep/sep30/local.htm (2940 words)

	Ranjana Script
		The Ranjana script is found in many Buddhist Sanskrit manuscripts from India and Nepal and it is still used by the Newari community (the original inhabitants of the Kathmandu valley) for their religious texts both Hindu and Buddhist - and for some other writings in Sanskrit and Newari.
		I think a form of Ranjana was widely used for writing Newari until the 20th century but it has fallen out of use because of the unavailability of printing types in this script (and it because it is probably unsuitable for printing at small sizes).
		They also use it for writing decorative script in temples, bija mantras in mandalas and there are a few texts printed with alternating lines in Sanskrit using this script followed by a Tibetan translation in Tibetan script.
	malaiya.tripod.com /ranjana (326 words)

	Indic language fonts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		It is also the script most often used for writing Sanskrit, the ancient predecessor of Modern Hindi.
		All modern-day Indic scripts are descendants of Brahmi, an extinct script which flourished more than two thousand years ago.
		Newari, a member of the Tibeto-Burman group of Sino-Tibetan languages is spoken in Nepal and India by about 775,000 people.
	jeff.cs.mcgill.ca /%7Eluc/indic.html (6924 words)

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