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Topic: Newcastle disease virus

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Zoonosis

Paramyxovirus

Mononegavirales

Jose Gautier Benitez

Paramyxoviridae

	Newcastle disease - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Newcastle disease is a highly contagious zoonotic bird disease affecting many domestic and wild avian species.
		Newcastle Disease was discovered in the East Indies in 1926, but it is named after Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, where it was rediscovered a year later, in 1927.
		The causal agent, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Newcastle_disease (462 words)

	Exotic Newcastle Disease Backgrounder
		Newcastle disease is attributed to the mesogenic and lentogenic pathotypes.
		Newcastle disease virus is shed during the incubation period and also during a portion of the convalescent period.
		Exotic Newcastle disease produces clinical signs similar to those observed with avian influenza, fowl cholera, and other infectious diseases; therefore, a final diagnosis of END must be made based on virus isolation and identification.
	www.avma.org /public_health/exotic_newcastle_bgnd.asp (1932 words)

	Newcastle Disease Virus: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		NDV is a paramyxovirus that causes Newcastle disease in a wide variety of birds (most notably, in chickens).
		This often fatal disease is characterized by inflammation of respiratory tract and of either the brain or the gastrointestinal tract.
		Lorence RM, Rood PA, Kelley KW Newcastle disease virus as an antineoplastic agent: induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and augmentation of its cytotoxicity.
	www.acor.org /cnet/62978.html (6258 words)

	15. Isolation of virulent Newcastle disease virus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Virulent Newcastle disease virus is used in challenge trials of vaccinated chickens to test the efficacy or potency of the I-2 Newcastle disease vaccine.
		This is reflected in the severity of disease in chickens infected with isolated Newcastle disease virus strains.
		Newcastle disease virus isolates are replicated by inoculation in the allantoic cavity of ten-day old embryonated eggs.
	www.fao.org /docrep/005/ac802e/ac802e0i.htm (1725 words)

	Exotic Newcastle's Disease
		Newcastle's Disease is caused by a paramyxovirus, called PMV-1, one of nine serotypes of this virus identified.
		The disease is transmitted when the virus is shed from an infected bird (in all secretions, but primarily in respiratory secretions) and a susceptible bird either ingests or inhales virus particles.
		NDV is very stable outside of an infected bird, so insects, rodents and humans can disseminate the virus to other susceptible birds.
	www.exoticpetvet.net /avian/newcastle.html (1617 words)

	Newcastle Disease Virus
		NDV has been labeled as a complementary and alternative medicine treatment because it is widely believed to be nontoxic; Reviewed in [15] however, this virus has been studied extensively by the conventional medical community.
		The use of NDV oncolysates in patients with metastatic melanoma was evaluated in 4 clinical studies in the United States.
		The phase II study of NDV oncolysates in patients with metastatic breast or metastatic ovarian cancer was described by its investigators as a study of autologous, whole cell vaccines.
	www.meb.uni-bonn.de /cancer.gov/CDR0000062978.html (12298 words)

	"Information resources on Newcastle disease in birds"
		In contrast to the NP protein of the rubulavirus human parainfluenza virus 2, the NDV protein has been demonstrated by electron microscopy and caesium chloride gradient analysis to be capable of self-assembly in vivo to form nucleocapsid-like structures in the absence of other NDV proteins.
		Virus suspensions in cell culture media, egg fluid, or blood were dried onto glass and stainless steel.
		Protection against morbidity and mortality was demonstrated in all of 10 chickens vaccinated as embryos and challenged with viscerotropic velogenic ND virus at 53 days of age and also in all of eight in ovo- vaccinated chickens challenged with highly pathogenic AI virus at 34 days of age.
	www.nal.usda.gov /awic/pubs/newcastle/1997.htm (3516 words)

	Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus as a Vaccine Vector -- Nakaya et al. 75 (23): 11868 -- The Journal of Virology
		Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus as a Vaccine Vector
		Immnunogenicity and pathogenicity of recombinant NDV in mice.
		A recombinant Newcastle disease virus with low-level V protein expression is immunogenic and lacks pathogenicity for chicken embryos.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/75/23/11868 (3306 words)

	BASC - Newcastle Disease
		Newcastle disease is a highly contagious disease of birds caused by a paramyxo virus.
		The virus is present in the exhaled air, secretions and faeces of infected birds, both before they show signs of illness and while they are convalescent.
		When disease is confirmed restrictions are imposed on the infected place and movement restrictions and biosecurity measures are enforced.
	www.basc.org.uk /content/newcastle_disease (363 words)

	Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)
		NDV is a contagious and fatal viral disease affecting most species of birds.
		NDV is spread primarily through direct contact between healthy birds and the bodily discharges of infected birds.
		However, the virus is destroyed rapidly by dehydration and by the ultraviolet rays in sunlight.
	www.avianbiotech.com /Diseases/Newcastle.htm (651 words)

	An END for Exotic Newcastle Disease Virus?
		The last thing poultry producers want their flocks hit with is exotic Newcastle disease (END), a contagious and fatal viral disease affecting most species of birds.
		The vaccines currently available for Newcastle disease virus are made with either an attenuated (weakened) live virus or a killed virus.
		Kapczynski and colleague Daniel (Jack) King studied commercial birds that were vaccinated with a commercial vaccine against Newcastle disease and then exposed to the END virus.
	www.ars.usda.gov /is/AR/archive/oct03/virus1003.htm (835 words)

	Summary of report: Molecular epidemiology of Newcastle disease virus In Australia
		The virulence of the ND virus was assessed using amino acid sequence parameters of the fusion cleavage signal in the fusion protein.
		Virulent virus was also demonstrated to be present in field isolates of NDV isolated in Australia in the 1980s which belonged to a separate clade from those associated with the 1998-2002 NDV outbreaks.
		Australian NDV isolates with HN extensions of 45 amino acids generally replicate in the gut of the bird while those with HN extensions of 14, 9 and 7 amino acids have been associated with “late summer respiratory disease” syndrome and virus replication in the lungs and respiratory tract.
	www.rirdc.gov.au /reports/CME/04-139sum.html (1759 words)

	Sources and Transmission
		The Newcastle disease virus is hardy and can easily survive on the feet, hands, and clothes of humans.
		The virus is excreted in feces and from the respiratory tract as an aerosol.
		Newcastle disease virus is a hardy virus and can survive at room temperature for days to months.
	animalscience.ucdavis.edu /avian/PreventENDCOMMERCIAL.htm (1518 words)

	"Information resources on Newcastle disease in birds"
		In some cases, the disease occurred in broilers less than 2 wk old that originated in a broiler breeder farm, so spread of the ND virus (NDV) from the infected breeder farm to broiler ranches was suspected.
		Abstract: The effect of an in ovo infection with a Dutch isolate of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) on the growth of specific pathogen free (SPF) broiler chickens was analysed.
		disease virus and the genetic and phenotypic correlation between these Ab responses, were evaluated under farm conditions in which chicks were simultaneously exposed to these antigens.
	www.nal.usda.gov /awic/pubs/newcastle/2002.htm (2481 words)

	12. Titrating Newcastle disease virus for infectivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The aim of the titration is to measure the concentration of infectious Newcastle disease virus in a suspension.
		Examples of suspensions of Newcastle disease virus that will need to be titrated are wet vaccine and freeze dried vaccine that has been reconstituted in diluent.
		The concentration of Newcastle disease virus in a suspension is expressed as an Infectivity Titre.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/005/AC802E/ac802e0f.htm (1441 words)

	Rescue of Newcastle Disease Virus from Cloned cDNA: Evidence that Cleavability of the Fusion Protein Is a Major ...
		for virulence of NDV strains (14, 34, 41).
		of infection of NDV is by the respiratory and/or intestinal tract,
		Evaluation of the use of monoclonal antibodies to hemagglutinin and fusion glycoproteins of Newcastle disease virus for virus identification and strain differentiation purposes.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/73/6/5001 (6736 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Newcastle disease virus - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Newcastle disease virus : causes respiratory disease in many species of birds, with nasal discharge and diarrhea; may infect man, causing conjunctivitis; transmission in birds is by drinking water or dust.
		Other terms that may be related to Newcastle disease virus:
		The description of Newcastle disease virus may also be used for the following terms:
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/newcastle_disease_virus.htm (219 words)

	Pigeons and Exotic Newcastle Disease
		,2002 exotic Newcastle disease was diagnosed in a poultry flock in Southern California.
		Jeffrey relayed the diagnostic challenge that exists for differentiating pigeon paramyxovirus (PPMV-1) from Newcastle disease virus which is also a paramyxovirus type 1.
		Jeffrey concluded that pigeon PMV-1 and Newcastle disease virus are related, but appear to have differences in disease-causing potential for commercial poultry.
	animalscience.ucdavis.edu /Avian/Pigeons_and_END.htm (652 words)

	Exotic Newcastle Disease Information
		Previously known as velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease (VVND), END is probably one of the most infectious diseases of poultry in the world.
		Unique characteristics of Newcastle disease virus and the clinical signs (symptoms) and tissue changes (lesions) in poultry caused by the disease are described.
		A description of the current outbreak of exotic Newcastle disease in California and the key role played by fighting chickens in spreading the disease is given.
	www.vetmed.iastate.edu /animals/diseaseinformation/end (1128 words)

	Newcastle Disease Virus - National Cancer Institute
		Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a virus that is of interest because it replicates (makes copies of itself) more quickly in human cancer cells than in most normal human cells and because it can kill these host cells (see Question 1).
		NDV can be used to directly kill cancer cells, or it can be given as a cancer vaccine.
		The results of clinical trials (research studies) of NDV as a cancer treatment have not proved that it works (see Question 6).
	www.cancer.gov /cancerinfo/pdq/cam/NDV (150 words)

	Newcastle disease virus
		BURNET FM 1943 Human infection with the virus of Newcastle disease of fowls.
		INGALLS WL, MAHONEY A 1940 Isolation of the virus of Newcastle disease from human beings.
		YATOM J 1946 An outbreak of conjunctivitis in man associated with the virus of Newcastle disease.
	www.ebsa.be /resources/topics/LAI/viruses/Newcastle_disease_virus.htm (247 words)

	Newcastle disease virus expressing H5 hemagglutinin gene protects chickens against Newcastle disease and avian ...
		Newcastle disease virus expressing H5 hemagglutinin gene protects chickens against Newcastle disease and avian influenza -- Veits et al., 10.1073/pnas.0602461103 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
		Newcastle disease virus expressing H5 hemagglutinin gene protects chickens against Newcastle disease and avian influenza
		of the lentogenic NDV strain Clone 30 was used for insertion
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/abstract/0602461103v1 (344 words)

	Newcastle disease virus expressing H5 hemagglutinin gene protects chickens against Newcastle disease and avian ...
		Newcastle disease virus expressing H5 hemagglutinin gene protects chickens against Newcastle disease and avian influenza -- Veits et al.
		NDV strain Clone 30 was used for insertion of the ORF encoding
		as a bivalent vaccine against NDV and AIV and may be used as
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/abstract/103/21/8197 (363 words)

	Invasive Species: Microbes - Exotic Newcastle Disease (Paramyxovirus)
		Newcastle Disease: Protecting Poultry Farmers on Two Fronts (Agricultural Research Magazine, Oct 1999)
		Epidemiology of Newcastle Disease and the Economics of its Control
		Newcastle Disease - Manual for the Recognition of Exotic Diseases of Livestock
	www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov /microbes/newcastle.shtml (205 words)

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