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Topic: Newtons rings

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	Viewing Screens for Large Format Cameras
		In a related subject, many of you have experienced problems with the formation of Newtons rings when film comes on contact with a glass surface.
		If the glass is multi coated, which reduces the reflections to about one half a percent (from 4%), the reflections, and therefore the Newtons rings will be reduced eight fold.
		We have tested this with several photographers, and they report no visible Newtons rings in their final prints.
	www.wisner.com /coatings.htm (1794 words)

	INTERIM - LoveToKnow Article on INTERIM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Thus the diameters of the rings depend upon the thickness of the glass, and none are formed when the glass is replaced by a metallic speculum.
		The brilliancy of the rings depends upon imperfect polish of the anterior surface of the glass, and may be augmented by a coat of diluted milk, a device used by Michel Ferdinand, due de Chaulnes.
		The explanation of the rings, suggested by Young, and developed by Herschel, refers them to interference between one portion of light scattered or diffracted by a particle of dust, and then regularly refracted and reflected, and another portion first regularly refracted and reflected and then diffracted at emergence by the same piirticle.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /I/IN/INTERIM.htm (2839 words)

	Double-slit experiment: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The path length from the single slit to the double slit is equally important for obtaining the interference pattern as the path from the double slit to the screen.
		Newton's rings (Newton's rings: the phenomenon of newtons rings is an interference pattern caused by the reflection...
		More rings are discernable if for example light from a Sodium lamp is used, since Sodium lamp light is only a narrow band of the spectrum.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/double-slit_experiment (1299 words)

	bicycle-gears
		In this activity we will count gear teeth on a bicycle, calculate the ratios of the number of teeth on the front chain rings to the number of teeth on the gears of the rear cluster and then plot the results on number lines.
		Shift the bicycle into the lowest gear, that is the smallest front chain ring and the largest gear on the rear cluster.
		In the same gear, pull up on one pedals with a force you choose such as 10 newtons and use another scale attached to the outside of a spoke to measure the force needed to stop the pedals from moving.
	www.exo.net /~pauld/activities/bicycles/bicycle-gears.html (1929 words)

	SMB Technical Data
		A Newton is defined as the force that will accelerate a mass of one kilogram at the rate of one meter per second per second (or 1 m/s²).
		A bearing ring is subjected to a rotating load when the load is applied to all points of that ring during operation.
		Bearing rings and balls are not perfectly round and the balls and raceways, even after extensive fine grinding and polishing, are not perfectly smooth.
	www.smbbearings.com /SMBtechdata.htm (5410 words)

	Newtons Rings? - replace your scanner glass!
		Most film adaptors hold the film away from the glass but I still find that under the heat of the lamp they bend and touch the glass - additionaly most scanners are focused on the glass surface so any seperation of the film from this undesireable.
		The emulsion side of film is usually too rough to give problems with Newton's rings, so only the back of the film needs to be in contact with anti-newton glass.
		If you place the film emulsion side down on the scanner platen there should be no problem with rings, no need to risk the reduction in sharpness that anti-newton glass can give, and no need to void the scanner warranty by taking it apart.
	www.largeformatphotography.info /lfforum/topic/322004.html (603 words)

	irgth.com: CanonScan 9950F review
		Newton rings showed up in 3 out of 27 of my first scans, and continue to be a problem.
		Subtle rings aren't always noticeable, but rear their ugly heads when you start doing extreme curve/saturation adjustments.
		Newton rings dissappeared, but scan was softer, lots of small detail obscured.
	irgth.com /reviews/canoscan_9950f.php (1035 words)

	Industrial Newsroom
		The higher thrust in the RGK3-20 is due to a bearing assembly design where all three of the thrust rings within the unit pivot instead of one.
		Standard on the RGK3-20 drive is the Uhing F option which is a release lever enabling the user to slide the drive freely on the shaft without turning on the motor.
		Because the RGK3-20 center ring carrier is not connected directly to the mechanical reversal lever, as it is on standard Uhing drives, the new drive may not be configured with the usual Uhing mechanical motion control options such as ramp down, dwell and ramp up.
	news.thomasnet.com /printready.html?prid=459882 (572 words)

	Newtons Rings
		One of the newtons rings investment area in the coming year will definitely be content distribution security solutions.
		Last, but certainly not least, if you are opposed to eventually quitting your 9-5 and building a legacy for your newtons rings this is definitely not the manual for you.
		This report is newtons rings in the sense that it is the first time that the youth of the world have had a voice on an international issue.
	silvergalaxy.freshcatalog.info /fu/newtons-rings.html (1900 words)

	Fly Rockets - How Rockets Work
		The old style of launch rods used as a launch guide to keep the rocket pointed straight up while being launched are giving way to launch rails.
		As I said, the number after the letter means the average thrust, so the two G motor examples have a thrust of either 40 or 80 Newtons (not Newton-seconds).
		The number 6 tells us the average thrust is 6 Newtons (which is 1.3 pounds of thrust).
	www.flyrockets.com /work.html (2801 words)

	Tea - Mystery in a Cup of Tea
		Try this: In your kitchen at home, squirt a stream of warm honey into a cup of water or tea, and watch what happens.
		Without gravity dragging everything down, spinning rings of honey in water could hang suspended for hours.
		You'll soon see rings and a variety of other weird shapes.
	www.firstscience.com /site/articles/tea.asp (983 words)

	RMB Experiment #2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		An example of an interferometric optical testing system is a variation on the Newtons rings interference experiments or Fizeau interferometer.
		This method can be used to test the flatness of surfaces as well as determine the radius of curvature of a lens.
		An interference pattern known as Newton's Rings is shown using a lens as the optical element under test.
	www.rose-hulman.edu /~bunch/Archives/NSF/exp-2.html (253 words)

	PS Questions: Newton Rings Woes
		My problem is that I get Newton Rings no matter which way I orient the Polaroid on the scanner.
		These rings can be a big problem, while there is very little way to eliminate them,(Ive heard that somtimes the air pressure will effect how much they show up) Photoshop can fix them.
		The first step is to select the area that the rings are effecting.
	photoshop911.typepad.com /questions/2005/10/newton_rings_wo.html (451 words)

	Rotor Clip Company - Wave Springs- Rotor Clip Introduces Wave Springs
		Since 1957, Rotor Clip has been the premier manufacturer of retaining rings, constant section rings, spiral rings and self-compensating hose clamps - incessantly updating equipment and improving processes along the way.
		With the vast knowledge possessed in producing wire formed carbon spring and stainless steel parts, wave springs are a natural step in expanding our product line.
		Our dedication to continuous improvements, lean initiatives, and customer satisfaction is the driving force behind our initiatives, and Rotor Clip constantly strives to become the single source for large volume requirements of rings, clamps and wave springs.
	www.rotorclip.com /wave_spring_introduction.php (657 words)

	anti-Newton glass, how is it made?
		If you were to see a pattern from some anti-Newton's ring glass, I would suggest returning it to the seller and obtaining some with a finer pattern.
		I use coated glass for contact printing my LF negatives, though even that is not foolproof; there are times when I get Newton rings anyway.
		I shoot mostly HP5+; I've been told that films with retouching surfaces, such as TXT, are less prone to Newton's rings, but haven't yet had a chance to test this myself.
	www.largeformatphotography.info /lfforum/topic/213491.html (634 words)

	Distroted Fire Result in Brilliancescope
		If there is a thin gap (thin as in fractions of wavelength of light) between the stones table and the glass stage that it sits on, then you get this effect - it is the same thing as the rainbow colors formed by oil or gas on the pavement.
		Here in the US, we call them Newton rings, and I probability have used that term in discussions with customers hundreds of times.
		The rings occur whenever two surfaces are separated by less than 1/4 wavelength of light.
	www.pricescope.com /diamonds/x32784.htm (2463 words)

	Prof. A. E. Siegman: Home Page
		The basic process of small-scale self focusing due to optical Kerr effects or saturable gain in collimated optical beams, and the possibility of exponential growth leading to filamentation and beam break up, is well understood theoretically and experimentally.
		This memo for file and a longer and more up to date seminar presentation describe an unpublished analysis of the same phenomena in strongly diverging or converging optical beams, using a model involving a combination of Newtons' rings and nonlinearly induced Fresnel zone plates.
		No exponential growth is predicted because of the lack of any Talbot effects in a strongly tapered optical beams.
	www.stanford.edu /~siegman/current_research.html (628 words)

	Newtons Rings Apparatus
		Provide a vivid demonstration of the interference of light with Newton’s Rings Apparatus.
		Built for quality and accuracy, Newton’s Rings Apparatus offers a duo of double convex lenses encircled within fl metal frames and fixed together by three adjustable knurled cap screws.
		When securely compressed, the apparatus displays a beautiful example of the colorful Newton’s rings.
	www.physlink.com /estore/cart/purchase_item.cfm?item_no=514 (137 words)

	Drawn Towards The Flag * photo - cslr_challenge photos at pbase.com
		Without the rings, I'd have never considered entering it.
		Kind of looks like Newtons Rings - an optical phenonemon, which can happen when you have several layers of glass close to each other - did you use a filter on your lenses when you got this effect?
		I thought it might be the lens, but have seen nothing similar in other photos with this lens.
	www.pbase.com /cslr_challenge/image/41416096 (306 words)

	Newtons Rings
		They also become prevalent in warm Humid atmospheres.
		Newtons Rings are caused by the scanning light reflecting off of millions of small moisture particles on the surface of the film you are scanning.
		All CCD scanners with and without glass suffer from this problem.
	support.umax.co.uk /scantips/newtons.htm (152 words)

	PHYS 227 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Geometrical and physical optics; speed of light, reflection, refraction, mirrors and thin lenses, total internal reflection.
		Wave phenomena; Youngs slits, phasors, phase, Newtons rings, Michelson interferometer, diffraction from a single slit and gratings, polarization of light.
		Postulates, Michelson Morley experiment, Minkowski diagrams, Lorentz- Einstein transformations, time dilation, Lorentz contraction, velocity addition formulae, Doppler shift, Einsteins box and mass-energy, energy momentum and mass, twin paradox, definition of space-time intervals.
	chaos.fullerton.edu /~heidi/227.html (340 words)

	Controlled Stabilisation and Destabilisation at Interfaces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		As surfactant is added to the system, the protein gradually gets replaced at the interface because the surfactant is more surface active.
		Proteins: form a strong viscoelastic interface, hence film drainage pattern shows concentric Newtons rings which do not change with time, hence very slow drainage, hence the coalescence time is long (high stability)
		Surfactants: Form fluid, mobile interface, hence the drainage pattern is more chaotic, and much more dynamic.
	www.ifrn.bbsrc.ac.uk /Science/programme/F1/stabilisation.html (476 words)

	Newton's Rings
		To be able to view the math in this document, use the PDF version, or please consider using another browser, such as Mozilla, Netscape 7 or above or Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 or above (MathPlayer required for IE).
		For a spherical interface one observes rings of light and dark.
		This in fact is used to check the sphericity of the lenses.
	cnx.org /content/m12912/latest (143 words)

	Enough is Enough ? - FM Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Hi there -- The physics of current 35 MM lens technology won't really allow you to get down to much less than 50 mm/lp and it's moot whether the human eye could even detect that resolution.
		Past that I believe you get other horrors such as Newtons's rings / Nyquist, and whatever and you are bound to get more CA as the microlenses on the (CMOS) sensor begin to have an increasing effect.,
		If the 1Ds + Lens can give 57 mm / lp I'm sure that just about wraps up the Lens and sensor MP size issue and we can therefore expect improvements in other areas such as less noise, faster fps, better colour rendition, better WB etc.
	fredmiranda.com /forum/viewtopic_archives.php?TopicID=20311&... (918 words)

	New Quickmount Internal Drum \| Oil-less Mounting \| No Newton's Rings ColourPeople
		Use keywords to find the product you are looking for.
		Provides a fast and simple method of mounting originals as well as eliminating problems caused by Newton´s rings.
		Originals are held in place with a flexible insert.
	colourpeople.co.uk /quickmount-internal-drum-p-96.html?... (64 words)

	Newtons Rings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		They also become prevalent in warm Humid atmospheres.
		Newtons Rings are caused by the scanning light reflecting off of millions of small moisture particles on the surface of the film you are scanning.
		All CCD scanners with and without glass suffer from this problem.
	www.umax.co.uk /support/scantips/newtons.htm (152 words)

	The Thomas Group - PTCL, Oxford
		The applet below is much closer to a real experiment.
		It shows the phenomenon of Newton's rings from a thin polymer layer formed by spin coating on to silicon.
		The colour and interfrence pattern gives a useful and rapid means of measuring the uniformity and thickness of the polymer film down to about 100 nm.
	physchem.ox.ac.uk /~rkt/techniques/nrmain.html (1870 words)

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