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	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Nicholas of Lyra
		It was to exegesis that Nicholas of Lyra devoted his best years.
		Another reason for this obscurity, Nicholas goes on to say, is the attachment of scholars to the method of interpretation handed down by others who, though they have said many things well, have yet touched but sparingly on the literal sense, and have so multiplied the mystical senses as nearly to intercept and choke it.
		Nicholas utilized all available sources, fully mastered the Hebrew and drew copiously from the valuable commentaries of the Jewish exegetes, especially of the celebrated Talmudist Rashi.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11063a.htm (680 words)

	LAZARE: Antisemitism, Its History and Causes Ch.7
		Nicholas de Lyra declared that the literal explanation of the text of the Scriptures should form the foundation of ecclesiastic science, and that the text and its meaning once established four meanings should be derived therefrom: the literal,[87] allegoric, moral and anagogic.
		Hereafter this was the arsenal to draw upon in the polemics against the Jews, as well as for the defense of the Gospels against the Jewish attacks, for Nicholas de Lyra had refuted, in his De Messia, the criticisms passed on the Old Testament by the Jews.
		Numerous editions of Nicholas de Lyra's works appeared, commentaries, notes and additions thereto were made, and in the matter of exegesis even Luther was his pupil.
	www.vho.org /aaargh/engl/BLantisem7.html (4553 words)

	Jewish Expulsion and Jewish Exile
		Nicholas of Lyra was a Franciscan biblical exegete and Hebraist active in Paris from about 1300 until his death in 1349.
		Nicholas was extremely active in the couvent de cordeliers (the Franciscan convent) and the university of Paris during the expulsions, readmissions, and renewed expulsions of the early fourteenth century.
		Nicholas did comment on why contemporary Jews failed to convert, he wrestled continually in his writing with what he perceived as an apparent contradiction between Jewish exegetical insight and Jewish unbelief in Christian truth.
	people.bu.edu /dklepper/RN470/expulsion_exile.html (2667 words)

	Expert About ly:Lyra
		Lyra 's Oxford is the SHORT sequel to Philip Pullman's rather excellent trilogy, His Dark Materials, but lacking the element of adventure and wonder this set of books offered, Lyra 's Oxford isn't the book I was hoping to read.
		Lyra is the lyre played by Orpheus, musician of the Argonauts and son of Apollo and the muse Calliope.
		Lyra Halprin is working to promote the collaborative work among farmers, researchers and farm advisors that occur in numerous SAREP grant projects.
	www.expertsite.biz /dir/ly/Lyra.htm (1670 words)

	Research and Professional Interests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nicholas, a Franciscan who lived in Paris during the first half of the fourteenth century, composed the most widely used Christian Bible commentary in late medieval and early modern Europe.
		With its Dominican authorship, fairly extensive argumentation against Jewish biblical interpretation, and a prologue characterizing the Jews as traitors to their own faith, the text appears at first glance to be a model of late-medieval anti-rabbinic polemic.
		A close reading of the text finds that George utilized this polemic to inculcate a particular approach to the study of the Bible for his students, discouraging overreliance on the popular literal commentary of Nicholas of Lyra, which George seems to have worried was overly dependent on Jewish readings of shared Scripture.
	people.bu.edu:8001 /dklepper/interests.html (585 words)

	The Authorityh of Text: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nicholas of Lyra's Judaeo-Christian Hermeneutic and The Canterbury Tales
		The approach to Chaucer's narrative construct suggested by the title of my paper may appear somewhat indirect: what I seem to be attempting is to account for the structure of a fourteenth-century English poem, and an ostensibly "secular" one at that, from the exegetical principles of an early fourteenth-century French friar.
		I am not, however, attempting to demonstrate an unmediated or one-to-one dependence by Chaucer upon the exegesis of Nicholas (though this is possible given the widespread popularity of Nicholas's Postillae).
	www.uwo.ca /english/florilegium/volumes/vol11/wauhkonen.html (270 words)

	Nicholas of Lyra: The Senses of Scripture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Famed for his knowledge of Hebrew learning, as well as of the Latin Fathers, Nicholas was also highly conscious of interpretative method and of the Bible as literary artefact.
		This masterpiece is the basis for fifteen essays which cover major biblical books, examining them in a variety of ways, such as interpretative history, theology, and even political theory.
		He is the author of Nicholas of Lyra's Apocalypse Commentary.
	www.brill.nl /product.asp?ID=8704 (326 words)

	Directory of Members (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Publications: "Nicholas of Lyra and Franciscan Interest in Hebrew Scholarship," Nicholas of Lyra: The Senses of Scripture, Philip Krey and Lesley Smith, eds.
		"Vision and History: Nicholas of Lyra and the Prophet Ezekiel" in Nicholas of Lyra: The Senses of Scripture, Philip D.W. Krey and Lesley Smith [eds], Leiden: Brill 2000, pp.
		Nicholas of Lyra: The Senses of Scripture (ed.
	www.usfca.edu /org/ssbma/directory.html (2001 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The theologian referred to and barely disguised in the reference to the ass and the lyre was Nicholas of Lyra who died in 1349.
		It was said in the sixteenth century, that if Lyra had not played his lyre, Luther would not have danced (Si Lyra non lyrasset, Luther non saltasset).
		Folly is of course making clear in her reference to Erasmus and trilingual pedantry that she is conferring only an ironic compliment on Nicholas of Lyra by embracing his view.
	www.ourcivilisation.com /smartboard/shop/erasmus/new4/theolgn.htm (136 words)

	Kerux V15 N1 A4
		In the 14th century, Nicholas of Lyra compiled the most famous Biblical commentary of the Middle Ages—the Biblia sacra cum glossa ordinaria.
		In the preface to his work, Nicholas summarized the famous four-fold sense of Scripture identified with the hermeneutics of the medieval church: literal, moral, allegorical, anagogical.
		In commenting on Psalm 23:1, which Nicholas translates "the Lord rules me" (following the Vulgate), he adds the following allegorical comment: this verse shows how the mendicant friars (by which Nicholas means his own Franciscan order)—this verse shows how Franciscan monks receive all the necessities of life.
	www.kerux.com /documents/keruxv15n1a4.htm (1615 words)

	Commentary Series
		Nicholas was born in the town of Lyre, near Évreux in Normandy.
		Since Évreux was a center of Jewish studies, he was able to cultivate his interest in Hebrew and to become thoroughly acquainted with the Talmud, Midrash, and the works of Rashi (Solomon ben Isaac, 1045-1105).
		Commentaries by Jerome, Isidore of Seville, Peter Comestor, Hugh of St. Cher, and Nicholas of Lyra, with The Ordinary Gloss and Additions to The Ordinary Gloss.
	www.wmich.edu /medieval/mip/comment.htm (993 words)

	FRANAUTN
		The Psalm commentary of Nicholas is the most popular of his biblical commentaries, with at least 700 mss until 1450.
		Nicholas is known for a sermon compilation based on Capistran’s sermons (Munich clm 9003, ascription not secure) and for an Ars Praedicandi, in which he unfolds an innovative homiletic doctrine based on the example and conceptual framework of Capistran’s preaching.
		Nicholas’ Ars Praedicandi leaves behind some of the characteristics of scholastic homiletic training, to emphasize the importance of rhetoric (on the basis of Cicero’s Rhetorica ad Herennium).
	users.bart.nl /~roestb/franciscan/franautn.htm (7144 words)

	file:///C:/Program Files/Adobe/PageMill 3.0/SSBMA/sessions99.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Marguerite Porete and Nicholas of Cusa: Teaching Two "Unconventional" Exegetical Styles.
		Nicholas of Lyra, Thomas Aquinas, and Authorial Intention in the Gospel of John.
		The Gospel Truth: Nicholas of Lyra on John.
	www.usfca.edu /org/ssbma/sessions99.html (225 words)

	MU Press: Reformation Texts With Translation
		This volume makes available for the first time in English one of Melanchthon’s earliest theological writings, his Annotationes in Epistolam priorem ad Corinthios, which was delivered as lectures to students at the University of Wittenberg in the summer and fall of 1521 and was first published by Luther in 1522.
		In an age when doctors of the Church were given distinctive titles, Nicholas of Lyra’s title was the Doctor planus et utilis, “the clear and useful doctor.” It was a fitting sobriquet.
		And there, from the early fourteenth to the late seventeenth century, were the commentaries of Nicholas of Lyra.
	www.marquette.edu /mupress/reform.html (2422 words)

	No. 1039: An Armor of Commentary
		They were more like an egg in a shell than a pit in a peach.
		The 14th-century Biblical scholar Nicholas of Lyra produced 50 handwritten volumes of commentary on the Latin Bible.
		An example of armored text from Biblia Latina / cum postillis Nicolai de Lyra et additionibus Pauli Burgensis...
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi1039.htm (520 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Paul of Burgos
		(2) "Additiones" to the "Postilla" of Nicholas of Lyra (Nuremberg, 1481; 1485; 1487, etc.; Venice, 1481, 1482, etc.).
		Their publication aroused Matthias Döring, the provincial of the Saxon Franciscans, to publish his "Replicæ", a bitter rejection of almost half of the 1100 suggestions and additions Paul had made.
		The converted Jew was superior to Nicholas of Lyra in Hebrew, but not in Biblical interpretations; in fact, Paul erred in not admitting an inspired allegorical meaning of Holy Writ, prejudiced against it, no doubt, by the extravagance of Talmudic allegorical fancies.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11588a.htm (459 words)

	Books Fatal to their Authors : CHAPTER IX.
		Authors have not been the only beings who have suffered by their writings, but frequently they have involved the printers and sellers of their works in their unfortunate ruin.
		We should hear the groans of two eminent printers who were ruined by the amazing industry of one author, Nicholas de Lyra.
		He himself died long before printing was invented, in the year 1340, but he left behind him his great work, _Biblia sacra cum interpretationibus et postillis_, which became the source of trouble to the printers, Schweynheym and Pannartz, of Subiaco and Rome.
	www.publishingcentral.com /library/fatal-books_11.html (3889 words)

	Williams History Recent Publications
		George Washington's Mount Vernon thus combines the two sides of Washington's life – the public and the private – and seeks to use the combination to deepen understanding of both.
		Deanna Klepper, "Nicholas of Lyra and Franciscan Interest in Hebrew Scholarship," in Nicholas of Lyra: The Senses of Scripture (Leiden 1999).
		Francis C. Oakley, Politics and Eternity: Studies in the History of Medieval and Early Modern Political Thought (Leiden, 1999).
	www.williams.edu /history/research/recent.html (746 words)

	2002-01-16 visit to Stanford Library
		A Warm Welcome to the Sarum Seminar, January 16, 2002
		Nicholas of Lyra was a French Franciscan friar, theologian, and professor at the Sorbonne.
		The scriptural commentaries of Nicholas became the authoritative interpretation of the Bible throughout Europe.
	hpl.hp.com /personal/John_Wilkes/Sarum/2002-01-16-Stanford-library.html (1839 words)

	Department of History: Page Template (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Psalms Commentary of Gilbert of Poitiers: from lectio divina to the lecture room.
		Nicholas of Lyra on the Psalms" in: The Biblical Commentaries of Nicholas of Lyra, Lesley Smith and Philip Krey, eds.
		Gilbertus Porretanus, Commentarius in Psalmos: edition of text; in progress.
	www.luc.edu /depts/history/grosdiaz/grosdiaz.htm (1001 words)

	NT Seminar: the Apocalypse
		She will be using material upon which she pursued research recently with the support of an NEH award for translation and annotation of the Latin Commentaries on the Apocalypse.
		These will include: Victorinus, Jerome, Tyconius, Primasius, Ambrosius Autpertus, Berengaudus (Ps Ambrose), Alcuin, Bruno, Joachim of Fiore, Rupert of Deutz, Nicholas of Lyra, Bede, Apringius, Beatus of Liébana, Alexander minorita and Adso.This seminar will also examine some of the women mystics who gave consideration to the Apocalypse, e.g.
		The seminar will also look into visual art on the Apocalypse and see the artist as exegete.
	www.nd.edu /~jford/Apocalypse (3359 words)

	Department of Religion • Boston University • College and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
		Professor Klepper's research focuses on medieval Christian attitudes towards Jews and Jewish tradition.
		She has published articles on the medieval Christian study of Hebrew and use of Jewish traditon, including a contribution on Franciscan Hebraism in the recent collection, Nicholas of Lyra: The Senses of Scripture.
		She is currently finishing a book entitled From Exegesis to Polemic: Nicholas of Lyra's Use of Jewish Text and has begun new projects on Dominican biblical pedagogy and relationships with the Jewish community in fourteenth-century Siena and on late medieval vernacular translations of Bible commmentary.
	www.bu.edu /religion/faculty/bios/klepper.html (238 words)

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