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	Nicolas Steno - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nicolas Steno (in Danish, Niels Steensen or Niels Stensen) (January 10, 1638 - November 26, 1686) was a pioneer both in anatomy and in geology.
		Steno, however, argued that glossopetrae looked like shark teeth because they were shark teeth, come from the mouths of ancient sharks, and come to be buried in mud or sand that was now dry land.
		Steno's work on shark teeth led him to the question of how any solid object could come to be found inside another solid object, such as a rock or a layer of rock.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nicolaus_Steno (908 words)

	Nicholas Steno
		Steno was also elected to the Accademia del Cimento (Experimental Academy), a body of researchers inspired by Galileo's experimental and mathematical approach to science.
		Steno's anatomical studies focused at first on the muscular system and the nature of muscle contraction -- for example, he used geometry to show that a contracting muscle changes its shape but not its volume.
		Steno's work on shark teeth led him to the more general question of how any solid object could come to be found inside another solid object, such as a rock or a layer of rock.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /history/steno.html (1488 words)

	Nicolas Steno: biography and encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Nicolas Steno (in Danish, Niels Stensen) (1638 - 1686) was a pioneer both in anatomy (anatomy: The branch of morphology that deals with the structure of animals) and in geology (geology: A science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks).
		He recognized the nature of fossilized shark's teeth and snails from mountaintops and went on to explain the origin of fossils (fossils: The remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil).
		The Steno Museum in Århus (Århus: århus, also spelled aarhus, is the principal port and bishops seat of its...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/nicolas_steno (643 words)

	Geological pioneer was a biblical creationist
		Steno is using the scale of the strata to argue that the water covered the whole earth and was not just a local flooding.
		Steno is using his Principle of Superposition here to show that the separate strata speak of two inundations of the globe, and to determine which strata are older.
		It seems that Steno is speaking of post-Flood processes such as the erosion of the continents, the carrying of sediment to the ocean, and increasing the area of land.
	www.answersingenesis.org /docs2005/1005steno.asp (3162 words)

	(Talk.Origins) Steno was a creationist - CreationWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Steno (1631-1686) lived long before the theory of evolution was proposed, when the Bible was universally accepted as history.
		The situation of Steno is similar to that of creationists today in this regard: evolution is the predominant school of thought, but that doesn't mean that everyone believes in it.
		In the same way, Steno lived in times when the church was dominant in Europe, but that was no guarantee that Steno was going to be a creationist.
	www.nwcreation.net /wiki/index.php?title=CA114.28 (976 words)

	Great Creation Scientists: Nicolas Steno
		Steno's dissertation therefore covered the study of fossils (paleontology), the study of rock strata (stratigraphy) and study of crystals (crystallography).
		Steno published these findings in his Sample of the Elements of Myology [the scientific study of muscles] in 1667, and demonstrated how the teeth had come to be mineralized.
		Steno's Prodromus 'laid the foundations of the science of crystallography.
	www.answersingenesis.org /creation/v23/i4/steno.asp (1770 words)

	September 5, 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Nicolas Steno, a seventeenth century scientist and contemporary of Galileo, advanced such radical ideas about the development of the earth.
		Steno’s accomplishments and contributions to science are little known today but the impact of his work and its message about the development of the world undermined accepted wisdom of his time.
		Recognizing that layers of rock were made by gradual accumulation of sediment, Steno realized that each layer represented a span of time in the past, and depending on their fossils of sediments, the layers recorded the seas, rivers, lakes, and soils that had covered the land.
	www.cinsam.org /Steno-Culter_lecture.htm (579 words)

	Steno, biblical geologist
		Nicolas Steno (1631-1686) was the pioneer of modern geology.
		Steno is probably referring to the fact that the Bible describes the fountains of the deep breaking up (Genesis 7:11) as the source of the floodwaters.
		Steno’s speculations about the possible mechanism for the Flood, including internal heat, slipping of strata, water enclosed in subterranean cavities welling up, the bottom of the sea being raised up making the surface of the earth less uneven.
	www.biblicalgeology.net /past_features/steno_creationist.html (2733 words)

	Encyclopedia: Nicolas Steno
		Steno's contemporary Athanasius Kircher, for example, attributed fossils to a "lapidifying virtue diffused through the whole body of the geocosm." Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19c portrait.
		A fossil Ammonite Fossils (from Latin fossus, literally having been dug up) are the mineralized or otherwise preserved remains or traces (such as footprints) of animals, plants, and other organisms.
		Canonization is the process of declaring someone a saint and involves proving that a candidate has lived in such a way that he or she is worthy of sainthood.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Nicolas-Steno (1933 words)

	History of Geologic Time Scale
		By noting the relationships of different rock units, Nicolaus Steno in 1669 described two basic geologic principles.
		The first stated that sedimentary rocks are laid down in a horizontal manner, and the second stated that younger rock units were deposited on top of older rock units.
		Steno's principles allowed workers in the 1600s and early 1700s to begin to recognize rock successions.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /exhibit/histgeoscale.html (789 words)

	Nicolas Steno (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		After having completed his university education in Copenhagen, the city ofhis birth, he set out travelling in Europe; in fact, he would be on the move for the rest of his life.
		In the Netherlands, France, and Italy he came into contact with prominent physicians and scientists, and thanks to his eminentpower of observation he very soon made important discoveries.
		At a time when scientific studies consisted in reading the ancientauthorities, Steno was bold enough to trust his own eyes, even when his observations differed from traditional doctrines.
	www.therfcc.org /nicolas-steno-139907.html (325 words)

	ScienceDaily: Nicolas steno
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		Check for Nicolas steno in the deletion log, or visit its deletion vote page if it exists.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/nicolas_steno (892 words)

	hell’s handmaiden » 2005 » October
		Nicolas Steno (1631%u20131686) was the pioneer of modern geology.
		Yes, Steno says his ideas do not conflict with the Bible, but there is no guarantee that he was correct.
		Steno may have not grasped the full picture or, as other evidence seems to suggest, he couldn’t accept the consequences of his science and went into denial, eventually killing himself with asceticism.
	www.hells-handmaiden.com /?m=20051005 (807 words)

	1638 in science - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		See also: 1637 in science, other events of 1638, 1639 in science and the list of years in science.
		Nicolas Steno: Dutch pioneer in early-modern geology (died 1686)
		This page was last modified 01:20, 20 December 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1638_in_science (112 words)

	Department of Geological & Atmospheric Sciences - Angular Unconformity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		One of the fundamental "laws" of stratigraphy, formulated in the 17th Century by Nicolas Steno, is the law of Original Horizontality.
		Put most simply: "Sediments are usually deposited in horizontal layers." While there are some clear exceptions to the rule (cross-bedding in sand dunes or the foreset beds in deltas, for example), Steno's observation holds true in almost all cases.
		The plane of contact between the upper and lower sediment is the angular unconformity.
	www.ge-at.iastate.edu /courses/Geol_100/old_files/angular.html (424 words)

	World War 1 and 2 - Law of superposition
		This is of great importance to stratigraphic dating, which assumes that the law of superposition holds true and that an object cannot be older than the materials of which it is composed.
		The law was first proposed in the 17th century by the Danish scientist Nicolas Steno.
		When combined with the related law of faunal succession, the law of superposition provides a very powerful tool for the dating of rocks and strata.
	www.worldwardiary.com /history/Law_of_Superposition (140 words)

	Nicolaus Steno - CreationWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Nicolas Steno is credited with discovering and formulating the fundamental principles of geology and stratigraphy and also showed a eye for paleontology and anatomy.
		He also investigated the heart (finding it had two pumps), the brain, the muscles, and discovered the excretory duct of the parotid gland, also called the duct of Steno.
		Great Creation Scientists: Nicolas Steno by Ann Lamont.
	www.nwcreation.net /wiki/index.php?title=Nicolaus_Steno (402 words)

	The Academy of Natural Sciences - Museum - Thomas Jefferson Fossil Collection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1666, Nicholas Steno (1638-1686) concluded that the familiar glossopterae (tongue stones) were in fact fossilized shark teeth (f5).
		Some of Steno's contemporaries, including Robert Hooke (1635-1703) and John Ray (1628-1705), also argued for the organic origin of fossils.
		In addition to his work with fossils, Steno developed two crucial principles that laid the conceptual foundations for the science of geology.
	www.acnatsci.org /museum/jefferson/otherPages/extinction.html (3941 words)

	Rise and Progress of Palæontology (1881)
		Fifty years later, Steno re-opened the question, and, by dissecting the head of a shark and pointing out the very exact correspondence of its teeth with the glossopetræ, left no rational doubt as to the origin of the latter.
		The principles of investigation thus excellently stated and illustrated by Steno in 1669, are those which have, consciously or unconsciously, guided the researches of palæontologists ever since.
		Steno discusses their value as evidence of repeated alteration of marine and terrestrial conditions upon the soil of Tuscany in a manner worthy of a modern geologist.
	www.mathcs.clarku.edu /huxley/CE4/ProP.html (2770 words)

	Read about Nicolas Steno at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Nicolas Steno and learn about Nicolas Steno here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Research Nicolas Steno and learn about Nicolas Steno here!
		Nicolas Steno (in Danish, Niels Steensen) (1638 -
		Italy he came into contact with prominent physicians and scientists, and thanks to his eminent power of observation he very soon made important discoveries.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Nicolas_Steno (471 words)

	Talk:Nicolas Steno - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		If you would like to participate, you can edit the article attached to this page, or visit the project page, where you can join the project and/or contribute to the discussion.
		- Steno's basic geological principles are still widely in use today.
		This page was last modified 03:15, 20 February 2006.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Nicolas_Steno (101 words)

	Niels Stensen (www.whonamedit.com)
		Through his revolutionary idea that fossils are remnants of earlier organisms and that many rocks are the result of sedimentation, he became one of the founders of palaeontology.
		Steno was one of the first to recognise that earth’s crust is a chronological history of geological events and that this history can be read through careful studies of layers of fossils.
		In this remarkably prescient argument for and critique of anatomical research into brain function Stensen opposed Descartes (1574) arguing that it was idle to speculate about cerebral function when so little was known about the anatomical structure of the brain.
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/2052.html (7287 words)

	PlanetPapers - Relative Dating
		This principle was founded by the Danish anatomist Nicolas Steno, who noted that during floods, streams spread across their floodplains and deposit layers of sediment that bury organisms dwelling there.
		This principle states that rocks are originally layered in horizontal planes, and any inclining area is caused by tilting of the rocks.
		In picture number one it is fairly noticeable that the rock layers are higher on the left side than on the right.
	www.planetpapers.com /Assets/433.php (720 words)

	Lapis Earrings - Info Lapis Earrings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Nicolas Steno s study of lapis earrings quartz paved the way for modern crystallography.
		This is also lapis earrings one of the goals of found lapis earrings art: torecontextualize the art of everyday objects.
		Nicolas Steno s study of lapis earrings quartz paved the way for modern lapis earrings crystallography.
	lapisearrings.azawia.com (923 words)

	WEDnotes2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Nicolas Steno is given a shark to dissect and notices that its teeth look exactly like a kind of mineral people called tongue stone.
		Steno inferred that tongue stone was really a shark tooth that had become buried in sediment and turned into a "fossil".
		Experiments: Over the years Steno studied the soil, earth and rivers around his town and beyond.
	www.lincoln.smmusd.org /staff/Vanderveen_Web/geology/WED/wednotes2003.htm (169 words)

	An Extraordinary Decade
		During the critical years of the Cimento's existence they were able to test, in the shadow of the activities carried out by their more senior teachers, the value and the efficacy of the principles and methods of traditional knowledge.
		Nicolas Steno arrived in Tuscany from France in the first months of 1666, already aware of the research habits and the scientific program in Leopoldo's Academy.
		He immediately entered the Court, developing his arguments and bringing some of his works to maturity in Tuscany.
	brunelleschi.imss.fi.it /cimento/anatomia/6_04/edx.html (537 words)

	Symposium Series (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The fascinating story of this forgotten pioneer’s life and his lasting impact on science is brought to light in a special lecture October 28 at 7 p.m.
		Author Alan Cutler discusses “The Seashell on the Mountaintop: A Story of Science, Sainthood, and the Humble Genius Who discovered a New History of the Earth,” based on his biography of Nicolas Steno.
		However, his brilliance and clarity of his concepts not only were embraced by the scientific community and the learned courts of Europe but lauded and his work describing layers of the earth, fossils, and the span of time that formed them were the foundation of modern geology.
	www.cinsam.org /symposium.html (516 words)

	steno - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Steno, steno- : Stedman's Online Medical Dictionary, 27th Edition [home, info]
		Steno : Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary [home, info]
		of steno, d of steno, nicholas steno, nicolas steno
	www.onelook.com /?w=steno (171 words)

	untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1611 J. Kepler published a small pamphlet on hexagonal snow suggesting that the regularity of crystal form is due to the regular geometrical arrangement of small building blocks.
		In 1669 Nicolas Steno published a theorem that the angles between corresponding faces in crystal structure were constant.
		In 1784 the Abbe Havy published an essay on a theory of crystal structure wherein, like Kepler, all crystals are composed of small polyhedral units, the unit for each mineral having a characteristic shape.
	www.vermontel.net /~vtsophia/SEPHER.htm (3644 words)

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