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Topic: Nicotinamide

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	CiteULike: Navigating novel mechanisms of cellular plasticity with the NAD+ precursor and nutrient nicotinamide. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Nicotinamide, the amide form of niacin (vitamin B3), is the precursor for the coenzyme beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and is considered to be necessary for cellular function and metabolism.
		The ability of nicotinamide to preserve both neuronal and vascular cell populations in the brain during injury is intriguing, but further knowledge of the specific cellular mechanisms that determine protection by this agent is required.
		Intimately tied to the cytoprotection of nicotinamide is the modulation of an early and late phase of apoptotic injury that is triggered by the loss of membrane asymmetry.
	www.citeulike.org /user/yedmonds/article/234809 (482 words)

	Niacinamide (Nicotinamide)
		Nicotinamide, via its major metabolite NAD++ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), is involved in a wide range of biological processes including the production of energy, the synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol and steroids, signal transduction, and the maintenance of the integrity of the genome.
		Nicotinamide is being investigated as an agent for the possible prevention or delaying of the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or IDDM).
		The rationale for using nicotinamide in the preventio of type 1 diabetes mellitus is derived from human and animal studies as well as in vitro investigations.
	www.nutrasanus.com /niacinamide.html (726 words)

	Nicotinamide
		Since it has been suggested that nicotinamide improves ß-cell regeneration, protects islet cells from damage after exposure to oxygen radicals and nitric oxide and diminishes cytokine-induced islet-cell functional impairment, theobjective of this meta-analysis was to determine whether nicotinamide preserved ß-cell function in newly diagnosed insulin-treated IDDM patients.
		In fact, the use of nicotinamide might not solely be confined to the first year after diagnosis of IDDM, but perhaps it might be beneficial to extend the treatment period for a number of years to continue to allow for preservation of the ß-cell population.
		Analyzing` 10 studies together that used a variety of nicotinamide dosages, from 3 to 60 mg/kg per day, and that showed a potential differential effect of nicotinamide by age, with less efficacy in prepubertal children, makes it unclear what subjects and what treatment protocols should be utilized in the future.
	www.medforum.nl /idm/nicotinamide.htm (1002 words)

	Nicotinamide
		Nicotinamide is the principal form of niacin used in nutritional supplements and in food fortification.
		Nicotinamide is transported via the portal circulation to the liver and via the systemic circulation to the various tissues of the body.
		High-dose nicotinamide is excreted in the urine as unchanged nicotinamide, N'-methylnicotinamide, N'-methyl-5-carboxamide-2-pyridone, N'-meth- yl-5-carboxamide-4-pyridone and nicotinamide-N-oxide.
	www.pdrhealth.com /drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/nic_0183.shtml (2456 words)

	Olympus MIC-D: Polarized Light Gallery - Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD)
		Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and the phosphate derivative, NADP, are two coenzymes that are regularly utilized in the body for electron-transfer biochemical reactions as carriers of hydrogen ions.
		Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) is simply NAD with a third phosphate group attached, and is very important in the energy transformation process of photosynthesis.
		Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is also available as pharmaceutical and reagent-grade synthesized white crystals.
	www.olympusmicro.com /micd/galleries/polarized/nadlow.html (341 words)

	Life Enhancement:: Nicotinamide Induces Rejuvenation in Human Cells
		So we know that nicotinamide is vital for human health, in terms of both its vitamin activity and its role as a precursor of NAD - and it may even play a role in determining human longevity.
		On the contrary, they surmised that a biochemical signal triggered by nicotinamide acts directly on events that are pivotal for the expression of various aging phenotypes, and the evidence suggests that the key events are likely related to the genes that are influenced by nicotinamide's stimulation of histone acetyltransferase activity - a surprising discovery.
		The researchers noted, furthermore, that nicotinamide's rejuvenating effect was dose-dependent, meaning that the effect grew in proportion to the amount of nicotinamide used (up to some point, of course, beyond which it became toxic, as any substance will if present in too great an amount).
	www.life-enhancement.com /displayart.asp?id=671 (2395 words)

	Nicinamide (nicotinamide), vitamin B3, niacin
		Nicotinamide is the biologically active form of niacin (also known as nicotinic acid).
		Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is used extensively in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle of cellular respiration.
		Nicotinamide (also referred to as Vitamin B3) is believed to cause improvements in energy production due to its role as a precursor of NAD (nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide), an important molecule involved in energy metabolism.
	www.vitamins-supplements.org /nicinamide.php (714 words)

	Nicotinamide and prevention of...
		The authors report the results of a large, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to examine the hypothesis that high-dose nicotinamide might prevent or delay the onset of diabetes in high-risk relatives of people with type 1 diabetes.
		There are several reports that large-dose nicotinamide has the potential to block the diabetogenic activity of streptozotocin in animal models or inhibit the final steps of b-cell destruction in the NOD mouse.
		Indeed, all reports of positive results of nicotinamide treatment in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes were from short-term studies not exceeding 12 months [4].
	www.d4pro.com /idm/site/nicotinamide_and_prevention_of___.htm (901 words)

	Vitamins: Nicotinamide - Vitamin B3
		Nicotinamide is a form of Vitamin B3 that may preserve and improve beta cell function.
		Nicotinamide is essential for growth and conversion of foods to energy.
		Nicotinamide, in addition to being known as niacinamide, is also known as 3-pyridinecarboxamide, pyridine-3-carboxamide, nicotinic acid amide, vitamin B3 and vitamin PP.
	greatvistachemicals.com /pharmaceutical_intermediates/nicotinamide.html (317 words)

	Treatment of Pemphigus and Linear IgA Dermatosis with Nicotinamide and Tetracycline: A Review of 13 Cases - Medical ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Nicotinamide in combination with tetracycline has been reported to be effective for bullous pemphigoid (BP) and IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD).
		Only two patients with PV were able to be treated with nicotinamide and tetracycline alone; the four other patients required a mean daily dose of 8 mg.
		Nicotinamide inhibits polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) and eosinophil chemotaxis and blocks IgE-mediated histamine release and mast cell degranulation.
	www.pemphigus.org /articles/medical/am_nicotinamide.html (619 words)

	Vitamins: Nicotinamide - Vitamin B3
		Nicotinamide is a form of Vitamin B3 that may preserve and improve beta cell function.
		Nicotinamide is essential for growth and conversion of foods to energy.
		Nicotinamide, in addition to being known as niacinamide, is also known as 3-pyridinecarboxamide, pyridine-3-carboxamide, nicotinic acid amide, vitamin B3 and vitamin PP.
	www.greatvistachemicals.com /pharmaceutical_intermediates/nicotinamide.html (317 words)

	Newswise
		Nicotinamide may hold promise as a preventative therapy in the treatment of FAS in humans.
		Ethanol and nicotinamide were administered to seven-day-old postnatal mice, an age at which the brain development of mice is comparable to the human third trimester.
		While the beneficial effects observed were most pronounced when nicotinamide was given at the same time or shortly after alcohol exposure, the study suggests that there is a window of a few hours during which treatment with nicotinamide might be effective.
	www.newswise.com /articles/view/518227 (710 words)

	ESPE: Could Nicotinamide And Vitamin E Have Synergistic Effect And Reduce Insulin Usage? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Nicotinamide is an important B-complex vitamin that is used as an intermediate agent in many pharmaceuticals.
		Twenty-seven subjects received nicotinamide alone (25 mg/kg/day), and 29 received combination therapy consisting of nicotinamide plus vitamin E (25 mg/kg/day and 15 mg/kg/day, respectively).
		The researchers stopped well short of suggesting that either nicotinamide or vitamin E would slow the loss of beta-cell function, but they did say the data was “encouraging” and seemed to suggest a synergistic action between the two vitamins.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/20094A.htm (469 words)

	Nicotinamide may help people with multiple sclerosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Intriguingly, mice with EAE who received daily nicotinamide injections under their skin had a delayed onset of neurologic disability, and the severity of their deficits was reduced for at least eight weeks after treatment.
		Its chemical precursor, nicotinamide, has several characteristics that make it a promising therapeutic agent: it readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, is inexpensive and available in any drugstore, and its close relative, vitamin B3, is already used clinically to treat pellagra (vitamin B3 deficiency), high cholesterol, and other disorders.
		Although nicotinamide is thought to have few side effects, the doses used in mice would translate to much higher human doses than are normally used clinically, so would need to be tested for safety.
	www.news-medical.net /?id=20211 (752 words)

	Nicotinamide, J3
		Nicotinamide is the biologically active form of niacin (also known as nicotinic acid).
		Nicotinamide, on the other hand, has been found to be effective in arthritis and early-onset Type I diabetes.
		Nicotinamide is believed to cause improvements in energy production due to its role as a precursor of NAD (nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide) which is an important molecule involved in energy metabolism.
	www.stanford.edu /group/hopes/treatmts/ebuffer/j3.html (1346 words)

	Nicotinamide: A Way to Prevent Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?
		Nicotinamide is the precursor of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which enhances the action of many enzymes and is therefore essential for cellular function.
		As the “normalizing” effects of nicotinamide were strongest when it was administered zero to two hours after alcohol exposure, Ieraci and Herrera next investigated whether nicotinamide given two hours after alcohol injection could prevent ethanol-induced neuronal death.
		While the beneficial effects observed were most pronounced when nicotinamide was given at the same time or shortly after alcohol exposure, the study suggests that there is a time window of a few hours during which treatment with nicotinamide might be effective.
	www.rxpgnews.com /psychiatry/learning-disabilities/article_3516.shtml (985 words)

	Nicotinamide Decreases Cytokine-Induced Activation of Orbital Fibroblasts from Patients with Thyroid-Associated ...
		Nicotinamide Decreases Cytokine-Induced Activation of Orbital Fibroblasts from Patients with Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy -- Hiromatsu et al.
		Nicotinamide inhibited the ICAM-1 expression induced by TNF
		Effect of nicotinamide on the proliferation of orbital fibroblasts.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/83/1/121 (2186 words)

	B vitamin may protect against fetal alcohol syndrome
		However, when the pups were injected with nicotinamide after the ethanol injection, the number of dead brain cells matched that of normal brain development.
		The researchers claimed that the protective effect of nicotinamide appeared to function at the mitochondrial level, by preventing the caspase-3 activation, an executioner protease that is needed for cell death.
		It is not even clear if use of nicotinamide would be applicable to humans, but previous clinical trials with high doses of the vitamin did not report any adverse effects.
	www.nutraingredients-usa.com /news/ng.asp?n=66006-nicotinamide-fas (596 words)

	Can a vitamin alleviate chronic, progressive multiple sclerosis?
		Intriguingly, mice with EAE who received daily nicotinamide injections under their skin had a delayed onset of neurologic disability, and the severity of their deficits was reduced for at least eight weeks after treatment.
		Its chemical precursor, nicotinamide, has several characteristics that make it a promising therapeutic agent: it readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, is inexpensive and available in any drugstore, and its close relative, vitamin B3, is already used clinically to treat pellagra (vitamin B3 deficiency), high cholesterol, and other disorders.
		Although nicotinamide is thought to have few side effects, the doses used in mice would translate to much higher human doses than are normally used clinically, so would need to be tested for safety.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-09/chb-cav091406.php (849 words)

	Life Extension Daily News
		Ethanol and nicotinamide were administered to seven-day-old postnatal mice, an age at which the brain development of mice is comparable to the human third trimester.
		Whereas the beneficial effects noted were most evident when nicotinamide was given at the same time or shortly after alcohol exposure, the study suggests that there is a time period of a few hours during which treatment with nicotinamide might be effective.
		Nicotinamide and other forms of vitamin B3 have been used for many years as dietary supplements to treat and prevent pellagra, a vitamin deficiency disease.
	www.lef.org /news/LefDailyNews.htm?NewsID=4372&Section=VITAMINS (527 words)

	Daily Nicotinamide Shots May Protect Multiple Sclerosis Patients From Severe Disability (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		By daily injecting the mice with nicotinamide, the scientists found that their nerve cells were protected from myelin loss.
		Those receiving the highest nicotinamide dose scored either 1 or 2, compared with 3 or 4 for those that received no nicotinamide.
		The nicotinamide shots enhanced levels of NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) in the nervous systems of the mice.
	www.medicalnewstoday.com /healthnews.php?newsid=52348 (382 words)

	CiteULike: Nicotinamide and PNC1 govern lifespan extension by calorie restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Nicotinamide and PNC1 govern lifespan extension by calorie restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
		We provide evidence that nicotinamide depletion is sufficient to activate Sir2 and that this is the mechanism by which PNC1 regulates longevity.
		We conclude that yeast lifespan extension by calorie restriction is the consequence of an active cellular response to a low-intensity stress and speculate that nicotinamide might regulate critical cellular processes in higher organisms.
	www.citeulike.org /user/yedmonds/article/157499 (388 words)

	Nicotinamide - Patient UK
		Nicotinamide, also known as vitamin B3, is essential for the production of sex hormones and a healthy nervous system.
		Symptoms of nicotinamide deficiency include rough skin, sore red eyes, cracked skin on areas exposed to the sun, inflammation of the mouth and tongue, abdominal pain and swelling, diarrhoea, depression, anxiety or dementia.
		Nicotinamide is available in tablet and oral liquid form.
	www.patient.co.uk /showdoc/30003248 (579 words)

	Nicotinamide: a potential addition to the anti-psoriatic weaponry -- NAMAZI 17 (11): 1377 -- The FASEB Journal
		Nicotinamide has been shown to be capable of inhibition of the
		Nicotinamide has been shown to be capable of suppression of
		Wyczolkowska, J., Maslinski, C. (1975) Inhibition by nicotinamide of an homologous PCA reaction and antigen-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells.
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/17/11/1377 (1429 words)

	eMedicine - Alcoholic Ketoacidosis : Article Excerpt by Irina Robinson
		Because both alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase require nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as a cofactor, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is consumed and the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is generated.
		The resulting increase in the ratio of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and elevates the ratio of hydroxybutyric acid to acetoacetic acid.
		In AKA, the increased ratio of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide increases the proportion of beta-hydroxybutyrate relative to acetoacetate.
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/Alcoholic-Ketoacidosis.htm (986 words)

	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate: see coenzyme.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide" at HighBeam.
		Differential-display polymerase chain reaction identifies nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-ubiquinone oxidoreductase as an ischemia/ reperfusion-regulated gene in cardiomyocytes *.(laboratory and animal investigations)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-x-nicotnucl.html (183 words)

	Accelerated Radiotherapy, Carbogen, and Nicotinamide in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Report of European Organization for ...
		Nicotinamide was given daily as a single dose of 85 mg/kg at
		Rojas A, Hirst VK, Calvert AS, et al: Carbogen and nicotinamide as radiosensitizers in a murine mammary carcinoma using conventional and accelerated radiotherapy.
		Rojas A: ARCON: Accelerated radiotherapy with carbogen and nicotinamide.
	www.jco.org /cgi/content/full/17/10/3143 (3576 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		NICOTINAMIDE -------------------------------------------------- I am trying to find a commercial source for an oral preparation of nicotinamide (not nicotinic acid or niacin) It is in several vitamins in low concentration, but usually in amounts less than 10-20 mg.
		Mark Naylor, M.D. nicotinamide is readily available at most health food stores in our area.
		James G. Rothschild -------------------- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) is distributed in Australia as 250 mg tablets by Blackmores.
	dermatology.cdlib.org /rxderm-archives/nicotinamide (282 words)

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