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	Niger Delta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Niger Delta, the delta of the Niger River in Nigeria, is a densely populated region sometimes called the Oil Rivers because it was once a major producer of palm oil.
		Much of the natural gas extracted in oil wells in the Delta is immediately burned, or flared, into the air at a rate of approximately 2.5 billion cubic feet per day.
		The environmental devastation associated with the industry and the lack of distribution of oil wealth have been the source and/or key aggravating factors of numerous environmental movements and inter-ethnic conflicts in the region, including recent guerilla activity by the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Niger_Delta (430 words)

	NIGER DELTA AS PARADIGM OF DEVELOPMENT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Niger Delta is an area of more than 28000 square kilometers of mangrove swamps and meandering waterways which stretches for over 300 miles from the Benin River in the West to the Cross River in the East.
		It is not part of Niger Delta as a geographical and political concept nor is the neighbouring country Niger entitled to lay claim that River Niger connection is part of Niger Delta.
		The Niger Delta people saw the inauguration of Obasanjo administration as a glimmer of hope which was why the administration responded immediately it was sworn in by sending a Bill to the National Assembly to address the Niger Delta Area’s problem, known as NIGER DELTA DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION (NDDC) BILL.
	www.obasanjo-atiku-2003.com /dividends-of-democracy-NDDC.htm (732 words)

	GEO_PLATE_F-20.HTML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The dark tones of the delta region correspond to the wetland vegetation, which contrasts markedly with the semiarid region outside the river's influence (northwest portion of the image).
		One theory for the development of this pattern is that the Niger headwaters were easily captured and diverted on the tropical planation surfaces of the Guinea Highlands.
		The inland delta reflects this heritage since it is developed on plains derived from the sediments of ancient Lake Arouâne.
	daac.gsfc.nasa.gov /geomorphology/GEO_4/GEO_PLATE_F-20.HTML (685 words)

	Niger Inland Delta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Niger Inland Delta or Inner Niger Delta is a large area of lakes and swamps in Mali, around the bifurcated Niger and its tributary, the Bani.
		It should not be confused with the Niger Delta, in Nigeria.
		Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna (World Wildlife Fund)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Niger_Inland_Delta (99 words)

	Nigeria - Niger Delta
		The Niger Delta is an unstable area of Nigeria, and inter-ethnic clashes are common - often access to oil revenue is the trigger for the violence.
		There is a deep distrust in the Delta concerning the federal government and a feeling among local populations that most other Nigerians care little for their problems, so long as the oil flows.
		Military authorities in Bayelsa State in the Niger delta region declared a state of emergency in late December 1998 in response to violence by members of the Ijaw ethnic group who sought greater local autonomy.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/war/nigeria-2.htm (1290 words)

	Book: Survival in the Sahel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The marsh plants and forests that fringe the Niger are the dominant vegetation along the course of the river and its tributaries.
		The area to the west of the Niger inland delta is dominated by vertisols, which contain a great deal of clay and are well mixed as a result of seasonal changes in humidity.
		Rice, apart from being grown in the inland delta of the Niger, is also cultivated in the periodically flooded plains along rivers in both the humid and dry savanna zones and Mali's Sahel zone.
	www.isnar.cgiar.org /publications/books/sahel/english/chap2-5.htm (7886 words)

	The Niger Delta Manifesto
		Thus, Niger Delta investors and professionals were compelled by the iron law of survival to join the exodus to the financial and political centres of Nigeria.
		Although all parts of Nigeria are affected by this theft of their territory, the Niger Delta was the main target of this law because the region hosts over 90 per cent of the rivers and waterways in West Africa.
		The people of the Niger Delta, like colonised peoples elsewhere in Africa and the rest of the world, have not submitted meekly to the pillage of their lands and wealth.
	waado.org /NigerDelta/Essays/Politics/NigerDeltaManifesto-Darah.html (3077 words)

	[No title]
		First a sketchy characterisation of the water regime and the prevailing forms of vegetation takes place, generally for the Sahel- region and particularly for the inland delta, whereby the focus is directed toward their temporal variability.
		The water regime at the Niger inland delta is characterized by another kind of water "source".
		In particular the inundation at the boundary regions of the delta should be regarded therefore as non periodic and /or episodic.
	earth.esa.int /cgi-bin/confmeris.pl?abstract=89 (1333 words)

	The Niger Delta Project
		In June 1999, the newly elected civilian government initiated a master planning process for physical and social development to achieve "the speedy and global transformation of the Niger Delta Region into a zone of equity, prosperity and tranquility." The Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) was formally established in December 2000 to carry forward that program.
		IAIA-Nigeria with its partners embarked in October 2000 on the Niger Delta Project (Emerhi, Kotschoubey, and Wolf 2001), an ambitious program of regional and community development in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria (there is an inland delta far upstream in Mali).
		Since the governments of those two states are on record in opposition to the proposed dredging, it would also be appropriate to request the assistance of their respective ministries of transport, environment, and health to provide technical assistance, as well as IAIA colleagues and other international NGOs.
	nigerdelta.aaas2.org /impact.shtml (3814 words)

	Inland Niger Delta, page 1 \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Inland Niger Delta is located between the Bani and Niger rivers in present-day southwestern Mali.
		By the fourteenth century, gold, kola, and slaves from the southern savanna, salt and manuscripts from the Sahara, and the staple foods of the Inland Niger Delta were bartered here in an extensive web of trade reaching as far as northern Africa and Europe.
		Because of its strategic location as a trading crossroads, the Inland Niger Delta has been contested and conquered by a succession of empires throughout its long history, including the
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/ind/hd_ind_1.htm (492 words)

	Supporting Sustainable Waste Management in Niono, Mali, ADF e-news, August 2004
		Mali's 12 million citizens consume an estimated 320,000 metric tons of domestically produced rice per year, and 60 percent of this harvest is generated by rice paddies that line the Niger's great inland delta.
		Between August and December, the river's rising waters inundate a massive swath of land that measures 35 kilometers from north to south and 425 kilometers from west to east.
		It is a common adage among residents of the inland delta that any man who wants to marry a woman must pledge a mosquito net to her as part of his bridewealth payment.
	www.adf.gov /enews0804dugu.htm (742 words)

	Water Features and Water Issues: Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Niger River inland delta, brown and dry by spring 1997.
		The delta has grown tremendously since the 1970s, in response to changes in landuse, resulting differences in sediment runoff, and lake level fluctuations.
		The Okavango is a large inland delta; the swampy distributaries appear like a dark fan-shaped web in the middle of the light-colored desert.
	eol.jsc.nasa.gov /newsletter/html_Mir/africa.htm (365 words)

	Niger Delta, Niger
		We call on all parties in the Niger Delta to exercise respect for the rule of law as the investigation moves forward and to avoid further violence.
		Answer: We condemn the April 23 attack on an oil services utility boat in the Niger Delta which resulted in a number of deaths, including of two American citizens, and in the wounding of another American citizen.
		Sites include, butare not limited to: Djenne and Guimbala of the Inland Niger Delta; Bougouniof the Upper Valley of the Niger River; and the Bandiagara Escarpment (Cliff);and are recognized to be of high cultural significance.
	creekin.net /k15871-n136-niger-delta-niger.html (479 words)

	[No title]
		The extent of annual flooding of the vast plains during the months of September to December depends on water levels of the main rivers Niger and Bani.
		Human impact is mainly driven by irrigated rice cropping, rainfed agriculture, grazing and browsing of herds and flocks as well as by fuelwood consumption.
		Main focus of this paper is laid upon the vegetation cover dynamics in the Niger Inland Delta and the neighbouring Plateau de Bandiagara.
	envisat.esa.int /cgi-bin/confmeris05.pl?abstract=407 (779 words)

	Rhine-Meuse delta studies
		A geological-geomorphological map of the Holocene and a palaeogeographic reconstruction of the whole delta were published by Berendsen and Stouthamer (2001).
		As a spin-off of recent work, Ph.D. research in other deltas of the world has been undertaken: Mississippi delta (USA), Po delta (Italy), Niger inland delta (Mali), Columbia River Valley (Canada), the upstream part of the Rhine (Germany) and the Pechora drainage basin (Russia).
		Stouthamer (2001), Holocene avulsions in the Rhine-Meuse delta, The Netherlands.
	www.geo.uu.nl /fg/palaeogeography/LLGDatabase/database (638 words)

	Clark University- IDCE Graduate Program in International Development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Bani River is a part of the larger Niger Inland Delta region.
		As the Niger’s major tributary, the Bani River is a part of larger system, and cannot be viewed in isolation.
		An Environmental Impact Assessment focusing on potential effects of the Talo Dam on the greater Niger Inland Delta.
	www.clarku.edu /departments/idce/id/grad/talo.shtml (1192 words)

	Whither the Niger Delta
		None of these congratulatory adverts would feature appreciation of the Niger Delta region and its people for contributing and possessing the bulk of the natural resources that gave the nation its fame, wealth and relevance in the comity of nations.
		Not one of these messages would remind the Federal Government to correct the ills, the neglect, the marginalisation, and impoverishment the Niger-Delta and its citizens have been suffering as a component part of Nigeria since attainment of independence from the colonialists on October 1, 1960.
		The Delta Steel Complex, Aladja, which would have provided enough employment and means of livelihood to Niger-Delta citizens, lies moribund.
	www.nigerdeltacongress.com /warticles/whither_the_niger_delta.htm (1208 words)

	Niger river at MetaFoxx
		Niger means that journeys over land in Mali often involve a
		For the emancipation of the peoples of the Niger delta region.
		Includes declaration of Niger Delta bill of rights, manifesto, articles, news, and reports.
	metafoxx.com /niger+river (206 words)

	Welome to the Mali Interactive Project!
		When it enters the flat, Inland Niger Delta basin, the waters spread out and flood all the lowest areas to a depth of 2-3 meters.
		Needless to say, people who want to live in the Inland Niger Delta year-round have to build their houses on high ground, or create some high ground to live on.
		Many of the villages are on high mounds that have accumulated over centuries, with the surface getting higher and higher everytime a mud house is abandoned and decays.
	www.ruf.rice.edu /~anth/arch/mali-interactive/aboutproject (1021 words)

	Shuttle images of MALI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		INLAND DELTA: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
		INLAND DELTA OF NIGER RIVER: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
		NIGER RIVER INLAND DELTA: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
	rove.to /mali (997 words)

	EROS Data Center International Program Archived Special Feature
		This pair of images covers most of the vast area of the inland delta of the Niger River.
		The Niger River passes through the Ségou basin, flowing north across a large plain that is interrupted by long, ancient sand dunes (visible as stripes on the images).
		In particular, notice the rapid extension of the neighborhoods on the south side of the Niger River.
	edcintl.cr.usgs.gov /sahel/phototour/phototour.html (1006 words)

	Best Islands of Africa and the Indian Ocean Adventure Travel - Custom Safari Company Explore Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		is an exotic and enchanting island oasis in the middle of the Niger inland delta.
		It is the oldest known city in Sub-Saharan Africa, founded as a center for traders between the deserts of Sudan and the tropical forests of Guinea.
		It is also when Mali's Festival in the Desert, a music and Tuareg culture festival, is held in the desert oasis of Essakane.
	www.exploreafrica.net /best_dejenne.php (485 words)

	[No title]
		The inland delta of the river Niger is one of the most fragile ecosystems in the Sahelian zone of Africa.
		Human impact is mainly driven by irrigated rice cropping, rainfed agriculture, grazing and browsing of hers and flocks as well as by fuelwood consumption.
		First steps of investigations focus on data selection and visualization as well as on visual and digital classification of multi-seasonal MERIS imagery of the Inland Delta of the Niger river.
	earth.esa.int /cgi-bin/confmeris.pl?abstract=112 (305 words)

	THE NIGER DELTA MANIFESTO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		N the occasion of this historic third All-Nigeria Socialist Conference, the Delta Peoples Academy would like to extend fraternal felicitations to all delegates and organisations.
		This decree empowered the Federal Government to appropriate all minerals in the continental shelf of coastal or littoral states, six of them in the Niger Delta.
		This law makes the Federal Government the sole owner of any lands within 100 metres of the coast or watercourse or river throughout the country.
	www.nigerdeltacongress.com /narticles/niger_delta_manifesto.htm (3070 words)

	[No title]
		The government of the West African nation of Mali has announced that it is to press ahead with a controversial new dam project, despite revelations that it will cause starvation and threatens a 2,000 year-old city.
		Nomadic populations already travel great distances to graze cattle in the delta and their rangelands will become more arid as the Niger Inland Delta floodplain, which between 500,000 and one million people depend on, shrinks, says the report.
		A reduction in groundwater levels is also expected as the Talo Dam could further deplete aquifers and the health of the populations in Djenné and surrounding villages may deteriorate as irrigated wetland areas and stagnant reservoir water create ideal breeding grounds for organisms responsible for the spread of malaria, schistosomiasis, and bilharzias.
	www.edie.net /news/news_story_printable.asp?id=4493 (828 words)

	The Niger Delta Project
		In 1953, Alhaji Tafawa Balewa, then Nigerian Minister of Transport, visited the United States and observed how the Mississippi River was contributing to the nation's economic development.
		Some communities along the proposed waterway and throughout the Niger Delta region have voiced concerns however about potential environmental, social, and economic impacts of the proposed action.
		The Corps of Engineers possesses unequalled experience and expertise in river basin planning and in dredging operations.
	nigerdelta.aaas2.org (387 words)

	Seated Figure [Mali, Inland Niger Delta] (1981.218) \| Object Page \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Created over 700 years ago, in the Inland Niger Delta region of present-day Mali, it grips us with an intense emotional immediacy that blurs the boundaries of time and place.
		Here, the figure's shaved head and attitude of introspection resemble mourning customs still practiced by many cultures in sub-Saharan Africa.
		It is possible that the earlier peoples of the Inland Niger Delta had similar ritual methods to express grief over the death\ of loved ones.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ho/07/sfw/hod_1981.218.htm (286 words)

	RJM pubs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		1981 "The Inland Niger Delta before the Empire of Mali: Evidence from Jenne-jeno", Journal of African History.
		1983 "Floodplain geomorphology and human occupation of the upper Inland Delta of the Niger", Geographical Journal.
		1984 "Early Iron Age economy in the Inland Niger Delta (Mali)", In (eds.) J.D.Clark and S.A.Brandt, From Hunters to Farmers.
	www.ruf.rice.edu /~anth/arch/rjmpubs.html (1528 words)

	Amazon.com: Excavations at Jenné-jeno, Hambarketolo, and Kaniana (Inland Niger Delta, Mali), the 1981 Season ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Excavations at Jenné-jeno, Hambarketolo, and Kaniana (Inland Niger Delta, Mali), the 1981 Season (University of California Publications in Anthropology) (Paperback)
		Since the first scientific excavations were conducted at Jenné-jeno in 1977, this huge Iron Age occupation mound located in the floodplain of the Inland Niger Delta has produced a classic archaeological sequence spanning 1500 years.
		Jenné-jeno is widely recognized as one of the most carefully documented cases demonstrating the rise of indigenous urbanism in Africa, and its archaeology has contributed significantly to a major paradigm shift in explanations for the rise of complex societies in sub-Saharan Africa.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0520097858?v=glance (521 words)

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