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Topic: Niger River

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	Niger (river) - MSN Encarta
		The Niger Delta, the delta of the Niger River in Nigeria, is a densely populated region sometimes called the Oil Rivers because it was once a major producer of palm oil
		Niger (river), river in western Africa, flowing primarily from west to east, through Guinea, Mali, Niger, Benin, and Nigeria to the Gulf of Guinea.
		Crocodiles, hippopotamuses, lizards, and snakes are common in the river.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557510/Niger_(river).html (1698 words)

	Niger (river) - MSN Encarta
		The upper Niger was a core area of the old empires of Mali and Songhai; during this time Timbuktu, at the great bend of the river, was a major cultural and commercial centre.
		The Scottish explorer Mungo Park determined in 1796 that the river flows east, and in 1830 the English brothers Richard Lander and John Lander proved that the Niger empties into the Gulf of Guinea.
		The “W” National Park, bordering the river in Niger, represents a transition zone between savannah and forest territory, and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557510/Niger_(river).html (341 words)

	Niger (country) - MSN Encarta
		Niger (country) (French République du Niger), republic in western Africa, bounded on the north by Algeria and Libya, on the east by Chad, on the.
		Niger (country) (French République du Niger), republic in western Africa, bounded on the north by Algeria and Libya, on the east by Chad, on the south by Nigeria and Benin, and on the west by Burkina Faso and Mali.
		The southern zone is a fertile, forested area that benefits from adequate rainfall and, in the southwest, from the periodic overflow of the Niger River, virtually the only river in the country.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761577598/Niger_(country).html (400 words)

	Niger River
		The source of the Niger River farthest away from the mouth is in the mountains of Guinea near the border with Sierra Leone.
		Niger River is one of the largest rivers in the Western Africa.
		Eleven of the 18 families of freshwater fish that are endemic to Africa are represented in the Niger River.
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/niger-river.html (481 words)

	Niger
		The source of the Niger River is in the pre-Cambrian West African Shield region of interior Africa.
		River discharge averages some 1,045 cu m/sec annually, with a peak discharge of 1,424 cu m/sec in October and a minimum discharge of 750 cu m/sec in March.
		Approximately eleven active river mouths exist and the distributary density is quite high, averaging some 0.48 km stream length per 500 sq km, one of the highest of the deltas described.
	www.geol.lsu.edu /WDD/AFRICAN/Niger/niger.htm (762 words)

	Niger
		Niger is a vast landlocked country with an estimated population of 10.3 million concentrated in a narrow band of arable land along its southern border.
		Niger experienced a short-lived period of sustained growth in the late 1970’s, recording double-digit GDP growth rates in some years, when activity was stimulated by the uranium boom.
		The Niger region was penetrated early by Muslim missionaries for it was on the central caravan route from North Africa to the Hausa States and the empires of Mali and Songhai.
	us-africa.tripod.com /niger.html (2109 words)

	Niger River â“ FREE Niger River Information \| Encyclopedia.com: Find Niger River Research
		Death on the Niger: the truth about Mungo Park: this year marks the 200th anniversary of the death of Mungo Park, one of the great explorers of Africa and the founding figure of modern travel writing.
		MY RENDEZVOUS WITH THE RIVER REBELS; When Katharine Houreld went to the oil-rich Niger Delta to report on a wave of expatriate kidnappings, she didn't expect to be confronted by boatloads of heavily armed masked men - or get caught up in the dramatic release of one of their hostages.
		breadth of the eastern Niger delta, the Imo river basin and the Cross river...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1B1-373488.html (1237 words)

	sports history - Niger River
		The Niger is the third longest river in Africa, exceeded only by the Nile and the Congo River (also known as the Zaïre River).
		The upper Niger, from the source past the fabled trading city of Timbuktu (spelled Tombouctou in French, the language of Mali) to the bend in the current river, once emptied into a now-gone lake, while the lower Niger started in hills near that lake and flowed south into the Gulf of Guinea.
		The bend is the closest major river and source of water to the Sahara desert and it thus became the focal point of trade across the western Sahara.
	www.sportsfactbook.com /history/River_Niger (403 words)

	Country Pages: Niger
		The Republic of Niger is one of the largest countries in West Africa in area, but one of the least densely populated.
		Over 90 percent of the population of Niger lives in the southwest corner of the country near the fertile Niger River basin.
		Located on the edge of the Niger River is the capital of Niger, Niamey, a major trading center of West Africa with a long history.
	www.cies.org /country/niger.htm (751 words)

	Niger, river, Africa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-07
		The upper Niger region was an important part of the former empires of Mali and Songhai.
		The course of the Niger long puzzled European geographers; only from 1795 to 1797 did Mungo Park, the Scots explorer, correctly establish the eastern flow of the upper Niger, and it was not until 1830 that Richard and John Lander, English explorers, found that the river emptied into the Gulf of Guinea.
		The water level of the Niger has been substantially lowered as a result of the long-term W African drought in the late 1960s, 70s, and 80s; in 1985 and 1990 sections of the river dried up.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ni/NigerR.html (397 words)

	UNDP-GEF Project Writeups
		At 4,200 km the Niger River is the third longest river in Africa (after the Nile and Congo).
		River flows in the basin are decreasing at the same time that fishing pressure is increasing, leading to drastic declines in the productivity of the Niger’s fisheries.
		The Niger River Basin countries have come to understand that they cannot continue to rely upon unilateral approaches to development if they are to meet the challenge of providing for a growing population from a reduced resource base.
	www.undp.org /gef/05/portfolio/writeups/iw/niger_riverbasin.html (1382 words)

	Niger (05/07)
		As a reflection of Niger's increasing population, the unicameral legislature was expanded in 2004 to 113 deputies elected for a 5-year term under a proportional system of representation.
		Niger's agricultural and livestock sectors are the mainstay of all but 20% of the population.
		Millet, sorghum, and cassava are Niger's principal rain-fed subsistence crops.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/5474.htm (4450 words)

	Niger (river) - ninemsn Encarta
		Niger (river), river, western Africa, rising in Guinea and flowing for about 4,180 km (2,600 mi) through Mali, Niger, and Nigeria to the Gulf of Guinea.
		The upper Niger was a core area of the old empires of Mali and Songhai; during this time Timbuktu, at the great bend of the river, was a major cultural and commercial centre.
		The Scottish explorer Mungo Park determined in 1796 that the river flows east, and in 1830 the English brothers Richard Lander and John Lander proved that the Niger empties into the Gulf of Guinea.
	au.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557510/Niger_(river).html (266 words)

	Niger - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Niger (country) (French République du Niger), republic in western Africa, bounded on the north by Algeria and Libya, on the east by Chad, on the...
		Niger (river), river in western Africa, flowing primarily from west to east, through Guinea, Mali, Niger, Benin, and Nigeria to the Gulf of Guinea....
		A river port and road and trade center, Niamey is the southern terminus of a...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Niger.html (132 words)

	The Niger River basin
		The Niger River, with a total length of about 4100 km, is the third-longest river in Africa, after the Nile and the Congo/Zaire Rivers, and the longest and largest river in West Africa.
		Consequently, the river 'loses' nearly two-thirds of its potential flow between Ségou (at 900 km from its source) and Timbuktu (at 1500 km) due to seepage and evaporation, the latter being aggravated by the fact that the river here touches the southern flanks of the Sahara desert.
		The Lagdo dam on the Benue River, built primarily for hydroelectricity, regulates the flow of the river.
	www.fao.org /docrep/W4347E/w4347e0i.htm (2394 words)

	Niger, Africa - Travel Guide
		Niger is a landlocked country bordered in the north by Libya, Chad to the East, Nigeria in the south, Benin and Burkina Fasso in the southwest, Mali in the west and Algeria in the Northwest.
		Two-thirds of Niger is desert with much of the of the northeastern part of the country being uninhabitable.
		The Niger River flows for 300 miles along the south-west border, permitting the cultivation of various crops.
	www.africaguide.com /country/niger (182 words)

	Niger Profile
		Until recently, this part of Niger was considered to be the "useful" part of the country, in contrast with the austere and inhospitable desert areas.
		Niger is situated in one of the sunniest regions of the world, and has a mainly dry climate with considerable temperature variations.
		Leaving the north of the country to the nomads, the settled populations occupy the southern strip between the border with Nigeria and the 12-inch isohyet, in the zone where agriculture is possible.
	www.nigerembassyusa.org /profile.html (4262 words)

	The Niger River
		Niger is the world's 11th-longest river at 2,590 miles.
		The country of Niger is, in fact, a major oil producer.
		Called the Niger Bend, the middle of the river was a focal point for trade across the western Sahara and a major center of the ancient African kingdom of Mali.
	www.socialstudiesforkids.com /articles/geography/nigerriver.htm (202 words)

	[No title]
		In the floodplains and delta wetlands along the river, a specialized flora has evolved that is adapted to extreme fluctuations in water levels.
		Project description The Niger River Basin countries have come to understand that they cannot continue to rely upon unilateral approaches to development if they are to meet the challenge of providing for a growing population from a reduced resource base.
		The project’s principle focus is to reverse land and water degradation of the Niger River Basin, through an integrated approach to upper and lower basin to land-water and environmental management; iii) Transboundary increment.
	www.undp.org /gef/05/documents/writeups_doc/iw/Niger_Riverbasin.doc (1152 words)

	About Niger - Travel, Maps, Flag and Information
		Niger is a landlocked sub-Saharan country in Western Africa, named after the Niger river.
		Niger is a landlocked nation in West Africa located along the border between the Sahara and Sub-Saharan regions.
		Niger also has small borders in its far southwest frontier (Burkina Faso at 628 km and Benin at 266 km) and to the north-northeast (Libya at 354 km).
	www.canadiancontent.net /profiles/Niger.html (763 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| Malians reclaim Niger River
		Sand is filling up the river bed, garbage and toxic wastes are killing the fish, the hippos and crocodiles have been hunted to the edge of extinction and drought has sent water levels plummeting.
		And this, of course, merely aggravates the shortage of fish in the Niger.
		He believes that as hyacinth is also a problem on the Nigeria part of the Niger River, the two countries can work together to fight against the spread of the plant.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/africa/2971289.stm (570 words)

	NIGER: France promises $11 m for regulating Niger river flow - West Africa \| general
		The Niger rises in the Fouta Djallon hills of northern Guinea and flows north through Mali to the southern edge of the Sahara desert, before swinging south through Niger and Nigeria to empty into the Gulf of Guinea.
		Niger's Minister of the Environment and Water Resources, Adamou Namata, said his government had already begun to build dykes to regulate the speed of water flow in the river bed and encourage a rise in the water table on each bank.
		Niger and Mali are both former French colonies and are among the poorest countries in the world.
	www.warmafrica.com /index/geo/4/cat/1/a/a/artid/361 (478 words)

	GIS@development Malaysia: October - December 2006: Hydropolitics: A Case of the Niger River Basin
		At the fringe of the Sahara, the River Niger turns back forming a great bend flowing South East towards the Gulf of Guinea which it reaches after being joined by the its largest tributary, the Benue, which brings the great River into contact with the heavy equatorial rainfalls.
		Because the Niger River stands as the lifeline of West Africa supporting rich and varied biodiversity, the basin's fresh water wetlands remain highly productive and supportive of millions of resident and migratory birds in the area.
		In the face of shrinking water supply, competing land use practice involving irrigation and the expansion of cultivable areas with water thirsty crops at the expense of fallow lands at pastoral zones often constitutes the source of conflicts between herdsmen and farmers in the area.
	www.gisdevelopment.net /magazine/africa/2006/oct-dec/24_2.htm (1237 words)

	Summit to save Niger River: Africa: News: News24
		Navigation and the fish population have suffered because of the sluggish flow and the presence of destructive aquatic vegetation.
		Niger, Mali, Chad and Burkina Faso, countries irrigated by the river and its tributaries, continue to face food crises and local conflicts at various points along the river.
		The Niger rises in Guinea and continues through Mali, Niger, on the border with Benin and then through Nigeria, discharging through the Niger Delta into the Gulf of Guinea.
	www.news24.com /News24/Africa/News/0,,2-11-1447_2313565,00.html (537 words)

	Mythinglinks/AFRICA/Sub-Sahara: Niger
		Niger is a landlocked sub-Saharan country in Western Africa situated north of Nigeria and Benin, east of Mali, and south of Algeria and Libya, named after the Niger river.
		Niger was an important economic crossroads, and the empires of Songhai, Mali, Gao, Kanem, and Bornu, as well as a number of Hausa states, claimed control over portions of the area.
		River flows in Africa's Niger basin are decreasing at the same time as fishing pressure is increasing, leading to drastic declines in fishery yields.
	www.mythinglinks.org /afr~subsahara~Niger.html (7686 words)

	Niger
		Niger was an important economic crossroads, and the empires of Songhai, Mali, Gao, Kanem, and Bornu, as well as a number of Hausa states, claimed control over portions of the area.
		During recent centuries, the nomadic Tuareg formed large confederations, pushed southward, and, siding with various Hausa states, clashed with the Fulani Empire of Sokoto, which had gained control of much of the Hausa territory in the late 18th century.
		A further revision in the organization of overseas territories began with the passage of the Overseas Reform Act (Loi Cadre) of July 23, 1956, followed by re-organizational measures enacted by the French Parliament early in 1957.
	www.uiowa.edu /~africart/toc/countries/Niger.html (344 words)

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