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Topic: Nihoa

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Hokulea

	Nihoa Island
		Nihoa, also called Bird Island and Moku Manu, is located about 120 miles to the northwest of Niihau and 250 miles from Honolulu, the first of the chain of leeward Hawaiian Islands.
		Nihoa is the remnant of a once much larger volcanic cone, according to Professor Harold S. Palmer, who reported upon the island's geology in Bishop Museum Bulletin 35, 1937.
		Black-footed albatross had a colony on the summit, dome-shaped plateau; Bulwer's petrel and wedge-tailed shearwaters occupied caves and burrows; red-tailed tropic birds hid beneath bushes; and the large frigate birds, three kinds of boobies, and five kinds of terns nested in all sorts of places from the ground to the crowns of the loulu palms.
	www.janeresture.com /nihoa (1368 words)

	[No title]
		Nihoa finches, along with the other endemic Hawaiian honeycreepers, were formerly considered to be in a separate family, the Drepanididae, but are now considered to be a unique subfamily, the Drepanidinae, under the family Fringillidae (12).
		Nihoa finches are apparently monogamous (08); the duration of pairing is unknown.
		In the case of the Nihoa finch, the numerical abundance of the species is less relevant to its endangered status than is its limited (approximately 156 acres) native range and fragile ecosystem (02,16), and the documented fluctuations in population numbers (02).
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e101042.htm (4587 words)

	Nihoa rises from morning mist to welcome voyagers on Hokule'a
		Nihoa is steep from every view, with a stark rocky slope to the south and 800-foot cliffs on its north side.
		What's left of Nihoa is just a small chunk of what it once was, and it represents an intermediate stage in the development and disappearance of islands between high islands like the main islands, and the atolls like Midway and Kure at the far end of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.
		But Nihoa, once it is worn away by the weather, will not become an atoll because it lacks the fringing reef that some islands have, and which can keep growing even after the volcanic portion of the island subsides below the waves.
	www.moolelo.com /hokulea-nihoa.html (1052 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: (08-21-96) Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered St
		Amaranthus brownii, Pritchardia remota, and Schiedea verticillata are endemic to the island of Nihoa, Hawaii.
		Nihoa is owned by the Federal government and is included within the boundaries of the City and County of Honolulu.
		Nihoa's plant populations, as well as its many birds, are vulnerable to the intentional or inadvertent introduction of alien animals.
	www.epa.gov /docs/fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/1996/August/Day-21/pr-10215.html (5994 words)

	[No title]
		Nihoa millerbirds have been reported to forage for small insects under sticks or litter; one was seen feeding on flies from a dead bird carcass (22).
		Nihoa millerbird clutches of one (06,14,18), two (06), and three eggs (35) are reported; the average is probably two eggs (07).
		In the case of the Nihoa millerbird, the limited size of the native range, the fragility of the ecosystem (06,15), and the small population size (06,07,10,32) are the reasons for its endangered status.
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e101043.htm (4557 words)

	PI- Nihoa Finch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nihoa was once inhabited by early Polynesians, but few people since then have even dared to take on the rough seas and sheer cliffs of the remote island.
		Historical records on the Nihoa Finch are very scant, but in 1985, their population was estimated to be 3,200 birds.
		Nihoa is part of the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge which provides protected habitat for the Nihoa Finch.
	www.fws.gov /pacificislands/wesa/finchniho.html (333 words)

	FR Doc 03-11157
		Nihoa (209 km (140 mi) from Niihau) and Necker (an additional 290 km (180 mi) northwest of Nihoa) are the islands in the northwestern group that are closest to the main Hawaiian Islands.
		Critical habitat was designated on Nihoa and Necker for Sesbania tomentosa as well as Kauai, Molokai, and Maui (68 FR 9116, 68 FR 12982, 68 FR 25934, May 14, 2003) and is proposed on Oahu and the island of Hawaii (67 FR 37108, 67 FR 36968).
		Because Amaranthus brownii was detected on Nihoa Island in 1983 and habitat conditions are the same, we consider the species to be extant (as a seedbank) and have found it appropriate to designate critical habitat for this species on Nihoa Island.
	a257.g.akamaitech.net /7/257/2422/14mar20010800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2003/03-11157.htm (16957 words)

	About Nihoa
		Nihoa is unlike any of the other Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) with its 900 foot cliffs, basalt rock surface, and tiny beach.
		In 1909, Nihoa and the other islands, islets, and reefs of the NWHI (except Midway) were recognized by the United States as a valuable treasure to be protected in perpetuity as the Hawaiian Islands Reservation.
		The island's rugged landscape may seem uninhabitable from a distance but the very essence of Nihoa is life, a treasure chest of species found nowhere else in the world.
	hawaiireef.noaa.gov /about/nihoa.html (558 words)

	Audubon WatchList - Nihoa Finch
		Nihoa Finches are also vulnerable to the introduction of non-native plants and insects, but access to Nihoa is restricted and visitors are carefully searched before being allowed to enter the island.
		Nihoa is a steep, rocky island largely covered by low shrubs and grasses.
		Nihoa is not a populated island, and access to it is strictly controlled.
	audubon2.org /webapp/watchlist/viewSpecies.jsp?id=142 (654 words)

	n-w-h-i.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nihoa is located at 23 degrees north latitude and 161 degrees west longitude, which is about 150 miles northwest from Kauai.
		Nihoa is about 0.85 miles long, and 1500 feet wide and is the eroded remains of a shield volcano.
		The northern side of Nihoa is cut sharply by a sheer 50-100 feet cliff all the way down to the sea, which suggests that wave and wind erosion have taken their toll on this island's northern half.
	kalama.doe.hawaii.edu /hern95/pt038/middle/geohawaii/nw (1364 words)

	PI-Nihoa Millerbird (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Nihoa Millerbird is a tiny land bird measuring approximately 5 inches in length that was discovered on the island of Nihoa in 1923.
		The population size of the Nihoa Millerbird has fluctuated between 300 and 700 birds in the last 30 years.
		Nihoa is part of the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge created in 1909, and access is restricted due to the island’s fragile ecosystem.
	www.fws.gov /pacificislands/wesa/millerbirdniho.html (303 words)

	NWHI : Research : NOWRAMP 2002 : Journals
		At nine in the morning the sun is being suffocated by the forward runners of the storm and is quickly becoming a distant memory.
		Nihoa at one time, between 1000 A.D. and 1500 A.D., was occupied by the kanaka maoli.
		At Nihoa, the is an endemic Nihoa Loulu palm.
	www.hawaiianatolls.org /research/NOWRAMP2002/journals/Nihoa.php (2613 words)

	Necker and Nihoa Islands - Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
		Nihoa is a mile long, a quarter mile wide, and 900 feet high on its east end.
		Nihoa was once inhabited by the kanaka maoli, sometime between 1000 and 1500 A.D. About 35 house sites, 15 bluff shelters, 15 heiau, and 28 agricultural terraces have been identified on the island (Emory 12; Cleghorn 21-22).
		A Ni'ihau tradition suggests such was the case: "The Ni'ihauans sailed to Nihoa in the spring, returning to Ni'ihau in the fall on the Kona winds" (Tava and Keale 102).
	www.bishopmuseum.org /research/nwhi/nec_nih.htm (1883 words)

	NCCOS - Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment - Remote Sensing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nihoa Island is the emergent portion of a large basaltic shelf that measures about 29 km long in a NE-SW direction 16 km wide.
		Nihoa is considered to be the best example of a nearly undisturbed coastal ecosystem in the entire Hawaiian archipelago.
		Sheila Conant, an ornithologist at the University of Hawai'i, began studies of the Nihoa Finch and the Laysan Finch in 1980.
	ccmaserver.nos.noaa.gov /rsd/nihoa.html (672 words)

	Canoe team aims for Nihoa Island - The Honolulu Advertiser - Hawaii's Newspaper
		yesterday on course for Nihoa in the waters west of Kaua'i, which was a misty dark shape to the east.
		Nihoa would not be visible until the canoe was within about 20 miles of the island, after dawn today.
		Nihoa is the first of 10 rocky, reef and atoll islands that extend 1,100 miles northwest of Kaua'i.
	the.honoluluadvertiser.com /article/2004/Oct/29/ln/ln24p.html (491 words)

	Canoe paddlers make Nihoa crossing
		Kaua'i, the northernmost of the main Hawaiian Islands to Nihoa the southernmost of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
		The Nihoa passage was by far the longest to date.
		Nihoa is a roughly rectangular rocky island about a half-mile from east to west and a quarter-mile from north to south.
	www.canoe.org.au /?Page=6536&Format=prin (610 words)

	Audubon WatchList - Millerbird
		The population that remains on Nihoa Island is seldom observed due to the extreme inaccessibility of the island and concerns about human activity negatively impacting fragile seabird colonies and endemic species.
		The logistics of accessing Nihoa and conducting accurate surveys have made it difficult to track population changes or dynamics, but it seems that the population has remained stable within its extremely small range (40 ha of vegetation on a 63 ha island).
		The tiny exposed island of Nihoa is especially susceptible to weather events, and weather events probably account in part for changes in Millerbird population estimates over the past 30 years.
	audubon2.org /webapp/watchlist/viewSpecies.jsp?id=136 (815 words)

	Nihoa - Island Profiles - Voyage to Kure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It is believed that the abundance of natural resources and at least three freshwater seeps may have supported a population of 175 people.
		In 1909, Nihoa and the other islands, islets, and reefs of the NWHI (except Midway) were recognized by the United States as a valuable treasure to be protected in perpetuity as the Hawaiian Islands Bird Reservation.
		In 1997, the Native Hawaiian group Hui Malama I Na Kupuna O Hawai'i Nei returned ancestral bones to Nihoa that have been removed from the island decades earlier.
	www.oceanfutures.org /kure/islands/nihoa.asp (453 words)

	Hokule'a sets sail for Kaua'i
		Nihoa was well known to Hawaiians at the time Capt. James Cook visited in 1778, and was still visited seasonally by canoes from Ni'ihau during the 1800s, but canoe visits had stopped by 1900.
		Nihoa is a cultural and biological treasure — a small volcanic island covered with ancient house terraces, temples and agricultural sites, and containing what biologists say is one of the least damaged dry lowland ecosystems in all of Hawai'i.
		Hokule'a's weeklong voyage is a precursor to one set for May, in which the canoe is expected to sail through the 1,200 miles of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands to Kure Atoll, the northwesternmost island in the Hawaiian archipelago.
	www.moolelo.com /hokulea-sets-sail.html (899 words)

	Hawaiians pay homage on Nihoa visit - The Honolulu Advertiser - Hawaii's Newspaper
		ADAM'S BAY, Nihoa — Ten Hawaiians spent the night on Nihoa, seven of them members of a cultural group reconnecting with early Hawaiians who once lived on the island.
		The group sailed to Nihoa aboard the voyaging canoe Hokule'a, retracing a route not sailed in a Hawaiian canoe in more than a century.
		Kanaka'ole said that in traditions of the goddess Pele, there are stories of the Northwestern Islands having been visited before Pele and her clan moved on to the main Hawaiian Islands.
	the.honoluluadvertiser.com /article/2003/Sep/12/ln/ln05a.html (851 words)

	MHHOA Charter and By-Laws
		NIHOA Certified: NIHOA membership is further clarified in section 13 (NIHOA Policies) of the charter.
		This level of membership shall require a passing grade of at least ninety percent (90%) on a closed-book, written NIHOA based test and a 2/3 vote ninety percent (90%) vote of the association members who are already NIHOA Certified and eligible to vote on new members.
		Movement to other levels of NIHOA officiating (Prep school, collegiate etc) shall be at the discretion of the President, 1st VP and Scheduler.
	mhhoa.tripod.com /MHHOA_Orientation.html (5645 words)

	Spirit of Aloha - Aloha Airlines' in-flight magazine with information on Hawaii vacations, Hawaiian island maps and the ...
		Jutting out of the sea 120 miles northwest of Ni'ihau is the islet of Nihoa, her abrupt vertical silhouette shaped by a coastline largely composed of jagged lava cliffs.
		The basic necessities for habitation, such as potable water and workable land, are hard to come by on this 156-acre speck in the ocean.
		By tradition, newlyweds from Ni'ihau were sent to live on their own for several months on the distant island, where they were forced to work together to survive the inhospitable surroundings.
	www.spiritofaloha.com /place/0299/place.html (654 words)

	NIHOA - National Ice Hockey Officials Association
		NIHOA was established by officials for the betterment of ice hockey officials and the game of ice hockey.
		NIHOA ELECTION OF OFFICERS - An election for the positions of 2nd Vice President of the Association will be held at the 2006 annual meeting.
		A member of the Association having been elected by his/her chapter as a Director may be a candidate for this position.
	www.nihoa.com (380 words)

	OHE December 26, 2000 (Nihoa-Manini)
		The hike is called "Nihoa Gulch" but that's a bit of a misnomer since the routes the club has used (there've been several) only briefly, if at all, traversed Nihoa.
		Steve will rarely be accused of being an advocate of the status quo, at least when hike routes are concerned, and as such he always seeks variations, particularly for Nihoa, an outing he's coordinated a number of times.
		From the lower hilltop, we proceeded north on a spur ridge the club had used in the past.
	www.geocities.com /oheposts/12-26b.html (1349 words)

	NOAA Ocean Explorer: Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
		Nihoa Island, as seen from the ship, with its angular terrain and sheer cliff faces.
		It took about 18 hours from when we left port to when we reached our first survey area, Nihoa, which is the closest island northwest of the main Hawaiian Islands.
		The depth contours around Nihoa are not exactly how they appear on the nautical chart.
	oceanexplorer.noaa.gov /explorations/02hawaii/logs/oct24/oct24.html (423 words)

	Nihoa Island - Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nihoa Island is the largest volcanic island in the Northwestern Hawaiian chain, with an area of about 170 acres of land.
		Click here to see how big Nihoa Island is compared to Aloha Stadium and its parking lot.
		At the time of Western contact, Nihoa was only remembered in chants and not visited physically.
	www.bishopmuseum.org /research/nwhi/nihoa.shtml (122 words)

	Print Version (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Paddler and trip organizer Kendall Struxness of Princeville said the team was too tired when they reached Nihoa to paddle a planned lap or two around the islet, which is 165 miles northwest of Hanalei Bay.
		A large south swell and an incoming northwest swell made the ocean currents a bit disorganized between Kaua‘i and Nihoa, Struxness said.
		He said the unique, jagged angles of Nihoa rose on the horizon as they approached.
	www.kauaiworld.com /articles/2004/11/02/news/news01.prt (308 words)

	Maui no ka oi Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The journey to Nihoa, largest and closest of the Northwest Hawaiian Islands, would be 166 miles, the longest attempted in modern times by outrigger canoe paddlers not assisted by a sail.
		Despite such bounty, Nihoa’s population was limited by the scarcity of fresh drinking water.
		We would go to Nihoa, but not set foot on the island, which, as part of the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge, is protected against human intrusion.
	www.mauimagazine.net /roads.htm (1605 words)

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