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	Patrick O'Brian: The Making of the Novelist by Nikolai Tolstoy
		Nikolai Tolstoy was O'Brian's stepson and knew him better than any other person.
		Tolstoy stayed with the couple regularly at their French home and was a frequent correspondent with the reclusive and secretive author, discovering facets of his character and creative genius that he showed to no one else.
		Tolstoy was the sole beneficiary of his stepfather's will and is one of the Trustees of O'Brian's estate.
	www.fantasticfiction.co.uk /t/nikolai-tolstoy/patrick-obrian.htm (259 words)

	Tolstoy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tolstoy, or Tolstoi (Russian: Толсто́й) is a prominent family of Russian nobility, descending from one Andrey Kharitonovich Tolstoy (i.e., "the Fat") who served under Vasily II of Moscow.
		Although detested by contemporaries, Tolstoy was made a count for his part in securing the throne for Catherine I.
		Alexander Ivanovich Tolstoy (1770–1857), stemming from a collateral branch of the family, inherited the comital title and estates of his childless uncle, the last of the Ostermanns.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tolstoi (1381 words)

	Count Leo Tolstoy named in childhood as Lev Nikolayevich was born on September 9
		Tolstoy offers us this idea when Ivan thinks back to all the times he had suppressed a desire to do something other than what was expected of him and concludes that each time may have been a chance he was given to correct his path (149).
		Tolstoy brought forward the main social ideals of his time: the 3 major classes of society, and their references to the war with Napoleon, women emancipation, and view of society to historical figures such as Napoleon and Kutuzov.
		Tolstoy describes the general attitude concerning Ilyich's death as relief, writing that his death caused a complacent feeling that it is he who is dead, and not I Now he had to go and die but I manage things better I am alive.
	www.lazystudents.com /hyperpapers/leo_tolstoy.html (11126 words)

	O'Brian, Sailing Under False Colors
		Nikolai Tolstoy, O'Brian's stepson, has set out to correct all this with "Patrick O'Brian: The Making of the Novelist, 1914-1949," the first of two planned volumes.
		That his portrayal of O'Brian is at least as disturbing as King's, despite Tolstoy's recurrent tone of defensiveness and (sometimes) special pleading, is testimony to his honesty.
		Tolstoy's book ends with O'Brian at the age of 35, married happily at last and, after spending four difficult years living in a cottage in north Wales, removing with Mary to live in southern France.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/content/article/2005/12/29/AR2005122901452_pf.html (774 words)

	Tolstoy namesake speaks at UVSC :: The Daily Herald, Provo Utah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Nikolai Tolstoy, who also is the step-son of novelist Patrick O'Brian, told attendees at a reception in his honor at Utah Valley State College on Thursday that his family enjoys a legacy of literature and creativity.
		Tolstoy has written British history books and novels and is the senior Tolstoy family member in the world.
		Tolstoy came to know O'Brian only after he turned 18, because his mother, Mary, had deserted the family and was barred under British law from contacting her children after she remarried.
	old.heraldextra.com /modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=67566 (636 words)

	Leo Tolstoy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Nikolai solemnly announced to his siblings one day that he possessed a wonderful secret that could make all men happy.
		Nikolai had disclosed the Ant Brotherhood to them but not the chief secret - the means by which all men would become everlastingly happy.
		Tolstoy, however, traced to the Ant Brotherhood under the shawl-covered chairs his first childhood experience of love, not love of some one person, but love of love.
	www.ltolstoy.com /biography/adolescence.html (830 words)

	Books \| Knickers ahoy
		Tolstoy's own book, volume one of a projected larger work, is efficiently solid, crammed with assiduously researched details, not all of which are needed.
		Tolstoy's biography is founded on the assumption that the books and the life should be read as annotations of one another.
		Nikolai Tolstoy's book, admirably thorough and capable as it is, does not quite manage this most difficult of alchemies.
	books.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5076995-99930,00.html (1149 words)

	Telegraph \| Arts \| It was rough water all the way
		But Nikolai Tolstoy, an ardent controversialist as well as O'Brian's stepson and heir, was enraged by what he perceived as King's misrepresentation.
		Tolstoy's account of Richard's childhood, living in abject poverty with his father and stepmother in a hillside cottage in North Wales, makes this unsurprising.
		Tolstoy gives us a version of the novelist's early life which is founded upon more facts than Dean King could discover, but which is no different in essentials.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2004/11/07/botol207.xml (1255 words)

	Random House: Book Details for Patrick O'Brian by Nikolai Tolstoy
		Tolstoy stayed with the couple regularly at their French home and was a frequent correspondent with the reclusive and secretive author, discovering facets of his character and creative genius that he showed to no one else.
		Tolstoy was the sole beneficiary of his stepfather's will and is one of the Trustees of O'Brian's estate.
		Tolstoy has not written a hatchet job; his book seems truthful and psychologically insightful, showing that to understand all is not to forgive all.
	www.randomhouse.co.uk /catalog/book.htm?command=Search&db=main.txt&eqisbndata=0712670254 (440 words)

	LORD ALDINGTON: DEAD, BUT NO R.I.P. by Srdja Trifkovic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Tolstoy named Aldington in his last book as the chief executor of the policy of forced repatriation on the ground, the man who went way beyond the call of duty in carrying out Macmillan’s instructions, and who did so in contravention of orders.
		The exact date of his return is highly significant: Tolstoy argued that Low did not leave Austria until after the key order on indiscriminate deportations was issued, and therefore it was he who--contrary to the orders issuing from Yalta -- was personally responsible for the crime.
		Aware that Tolstoy was penniless after the libel verdict, Britain's High Court ruled that he had no right to appeal unless he came up with almost $200,000.00 in advance to cover Aldington's legal expenses.
	www.chroniclesmagazine.org /News/Trifkovic/NewsST121900.htm (2013 words)

	The Making of a Novelist - Reviews - www.theage.com.au
		Nikolai Tolstoy confirms the allegation that O'Brian lacked first-hand experience of sailing, despite the large claims he made to the contrary, including the boast that he spent time on board one especially famous yacht.
		Tolstoy speaks of his subject with some fondness but does not deny the substantial flaws in his character.
		Tolstoy demonstrates how in hindsight, O'Brian's entire early life was the preparation for his main achievement as a writer.
	www.theage.com.au /news/Reviews/The-Making-of-a-Novelist/2005/01/20/1106110882841.html (865 words)

	Shofar FTP Archives: places/england/press/toronto-sun.990711
		Tolstoy is the great grand-nephew of Russia's great novelist (War and Peace) and humanitarian, Count Leo Tolstoy, who repeatedly put his body on the line against injustice.
		Periodically, Tolstoy visits Toronto, usually to be feted by grateful Slovens, Serbs, Croats, Russians, Cossacks, etc., whose relatives and countrymen died by the tens of thousands when the British forced them back to Stalin and Tito and death.
		Nikolai and Georgina Tolstoy and their three grown daughters and son could be called adversity's children.
	www.vex.net /~nizkor/ftp.cgi/places/england/ftp.py?places/england/press/toronto-sun.990711 (1071 words)

	The other life of Patrick Russ by Hugh Roberts \| New Zealand Listener
		Nikolai Tolstoy's new book follows Dean King's Patrick O'Brian: A Life Revealed (2000) and both take this mystery, or mystification, as their raison d'être.
		Tolstoy confesses that O'Brian would have considered the biography a betrayal of his carefully guarded privacy, but assuming that we have already heard the worst speculations about the life, he feels justified in trying to persuade us that O'Brian was more of a crank than a cad: a project in which he largely succeeds.
		Tolstoy's discovery of autobiography can be disturbingly self-confirming: his hypotheses about the life will be hedged about with "mights" and "could be's" in one chapter only to mysteriously become established fact in the next.
	www.listener.co.nz /default,3856.sm (734 words)

	Stuff! in the news
		Tolstoy was tried in closed-door proceedings, and the white-wigged judge refused to weigh evidence presented in the form of testimony from soldiers and unsealed government papers.
		Tolstoy was financially supported during this trial by donations and a European prince who backed his cause.
		Tolstoy has also agreed to exhibit the Cross of St. Spyridon at the LDS Church Museum of History and Art.
	www.fortunecity.com /millenium/sherwood/33/060998.html (1003 words)

	AIMING LOW by Revilo Oliver
		Tolstoy was simply crushed by a judgement for damages far exceeding what he could ever pay, plus the costs with which the loser is taxed in England, making the total he must pay the staggering sum of œ2,5000,000!
		What is wrong with Tolstoy's thesis is the notion that Macmillan, a born toady, would have dared to do anything more than sharpen a pencil without the approbation of his blood-thirsty boss.
		Had Tolstoy taken the reasonable and logical position that the crime was carried out on the orders of Churchill, whom British officers, by the rules and ethics of their profession, were obliged to obey, willing or unwillingly, his position would have been legally as well as historically impregnable.
	www.stormfront.org /rpo/TOLSTOY.htm (1206 words)

	The Massacre and the Ministers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Count Nikolai Tolstoy, the biggest libel loser in British history, enjoys a 17th-century farmhouse in Oxfordshire, his son at Eton and a Volvo estate in the drive.
		TOLSTOY, a distant relative of Leo Tolstoy, the giant of Russian literature, has investigated the handovers since the first war papers were released to the Public Record Office in 1973.
		Tolstoy's legal friends feel it is fair to point out that, before becoming a judge, Collins had been prosecuting counsel for the Customs and Excise in the 1992 Ordtech case, and incorrectly assured the court that the crown possessed no evidence helpful to the defence.
	www.serendipity.li /hr/mm.htm (3935 words)

	Tolstoy Letters
		Tolstoy Home / Books / Forthcoming Pamphlet / Family life / PRAVDA Interview / The Tolstoy Letters / Contact Nikolai / URI
		Reaction to J L Howgate's reply to Ms Polanska-Palmer - Tolstoy
		Reply to Tolstoy - J L Howgate, Eastern Dept
	www.uvsc.edu /commorgs/russia/tolstoy/letterstoc.html (84 words)

	deseretnews.com \| Count Tolstoy . . . is a Utah professor
		Tolstoy's association with UVSC began in the early 1990s, at the invitation of then-President Kerry Romesburg, who also offered to host Tolstoy's Web site — because at home in England, Tolstoy was embroiled in a fierce legal battle.
		Tolstoy contested the libel award, and in 1998, after the European Court of Human Rights ruled it was a violation of Tolstoy's freedom of expression, Lord Aldington agreed to a much smaller sum.
		The count is the heir of the senior line of the Tolstoy family in the male line and is related to the author of "War and Peace" through a common ancestor in the 1700s.
	deseretnews.com /dn/view/0,1249,635157352,00.html (638 words)

	Before he set sail
		Tolstoy liked O'Brian and respected him as a writer, and very likely would agree with the above-mentioned principle, but "Patrick like the rest of us was not perfect, and not everything I have learned redounds to his credit."
		O'Brian's lonely, introspective childhood, Tolstoy writes, was "generally wretched," creating a sense of abandonment in a hostile world, which Tolstoy sees as related to his name change.
		Tolstoy clearly loves his mother, but is as unflinching in dealing with her -- some people saw her as having betrayed her own family -- as with O'Brian.
	www.suntimes.com /output/books/cst-books-tolstoy04.html (668 words)

	Chekhov & Tolstoy by Anthony Daniels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Tolstoy calls doctors scoundrels and flaunts his ignorance of important matters because he is a second Diogenes whom no one will report to the police or denounce to the newspapers.
		Nikolai Stepanovitch has a ward called Katya—the daughter of a colleague who died prematurely—who has a passion for the theater and runs away to be an actress.
		Tolstoy yearned for love but was a first-class hater—one who proclaimed God while having difficulty accepting the authority of anything other than his own ego, thereby becoming the object of Lenin’s justified mockery.
	www.newcriterion.com /archive/23/apr05/daniels.htm (3213 words)

	Tolstoy Foundation - Valley Cottage, New York - Alexandra Tolstoy Humanitarian Award - 1996 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Alexandra Tolstoy Humanitarian Award was established in 1995 by the Board of Directors of the Tolstoy Foundation in honor of its principal founder Alexandra Tolstoy, youngest daughter of the great Russian author, Leo Tolstoy.
		Alex Shoumatoff gave a lively portrait of Alexandra Tolstoy's life and work as a beacon of hope to hundreds of thousands of refugees fleeing all forms of tyranny.
		Nikolai Tolstoy remembered Alexandra Tolstoy's tireless crusade on behalf of Russian refugees from post-war Europe.
	www.tolstoyfoundation.org /96award.html (315 words)

	Interview with Nikolai Tolstoy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Nikolai Tolstoy is a descendent of the late Lev Tolstoy, a well-known historian, and head of the Tolstoy and Miloslavsky families.
		As the present Head of the senior line of the Tolstoy and Miloslavsky families, I have no formal responsibilities, and my principal concern is to join with other members in ensuring that the traditions and integrity of our family continued to be maintained as in the past.
		It should never be necessary for a Tolstoy to rely purely upon his or her aristocratic name and antecedents: we must earn our way with each generation.
	www.nationalvanguard.org /story.php?id=1248 (2748 words)

	'Patrick O'Brian: The Making of the Novelist, 1914-1949' by Nikolai Tolstoy. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Those who hold that the character or personality of the artist should have no bearing on the assessment of his or her works of art will have to hold especially tightly to their principle if they are admirers of the Jack Aubrey/Stephen Maturin seafaring novels of Patrick O'Brian.
		Tolstoy borrows page after page from "Richard Templeton," a 1962 novel, and a short story, "The Thermometer," as "sources," leading to numerous conditional constructions, such as "all this is confessedly guesswork," "the most likely explanation," "an episode, which, if it occurred," "it seems reasonable to conclude."
		O'Brian's lonely, introspective childhood, Tolstoy writes, was "generally wretched," creating in him a sense of abandonment in a hostile world, which he sees as related to the name change.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/05261/572943.stm (737 words)

	POB--The Making of an Novelist
		Patrick O'Brian by Nikolai Tolstoy, --A complex, layered portrait of the man considered by many to be the greatest British novelist of the twentieth century.
		Tolstoy was O'Brian's stepson, and their acquaintance lasted forty-five years.
		He stayed with his mother and O'Brian at their French home and was a frequent correspondent with the reclusive author, discovering facets of his character and creative genius that were hidden from others.
	www.sea-room.com /P-POB-Bio.html (188 words)

	Book Review: CHARLES LUTTON: Stalin's War: Victims and Accomplices: STALIN'S SECRET WAR by Nikolai Tolstoy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Tolstoy reveals that about one-tenth of the population of the newly occupied countries was deported.
		Tolstoy makes a convincing case that the actual total is probably closer to 30 million, maybe even more - with about a third of these deaths attributable to Axis actions.
		Tolstoy's analysis of these statistics does much to revise our understanding of the war on the Eastern Front, as he demonstrates that these high Russian military casualties were largely due to the Soviets' crude methods of waging war.
	www.vho.org /GB/Journals/JHR/5/1/Lutton84-94.html (3926 words)

	Patrick O'Brian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Historian Nikolai Tolstoy is O'Brian's stepson through O'Brian's marriage to Tolstoy's mother, Mary Tolstoy, who divorced Count Dmitri Tolstoy and in July 1945 married Patrick O'Brian.
		In November 2004, Nikolai Tolstoy published Patrick O'Brian: The Making of the Novelist, the first volume in a two part biography of O'Brian using material from the Russ and Tolstoy families and sources including O'Brian's personal library, which Tolstoy inherited on O'Brian's death.
		In the 1950s O’Brian wrote two books aimed at a younger age-group, The Golden Ocean and The Unknown Shore, which were based on events of the Anson circumnavigation of 1740 – 1743.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Patrick_O'Brian (718 words)

	The near side of the world: unveiling O'Brian's secrets - The Boston Globe
		As Tolstoy demonstrates convincingly, it was O'Brian's fear of being exposed as declasse -- trumped up in his mind though it was -- that lay behind his escape to another name and, eventually, into the past, and the world of the early 19th century.
		Given the amount of secrecy, speculation, error, and acrimony that has surrounded the facts of O'Brian's life, Tolstoy understandably takes a forensic approach to setting the record straight and to investigating O'Brian's motives and state of mind at the many vexed junctures of his life.
		Tolstoy's style is a little pompous and distinctly huffy at times, but this is altogether a revelatory and valuable work.
	www.boston.com /ae/books/articles/2005/09/25/the_near_side_of_the_world_unveiling_obrians_secrets?mode=PF (751 words)

	Operation Keelhaul - Yes Another WWII Holocaust (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In his books Tolstoy argued that refugees not covered by the Yalta agreement -- ÈmigrÈ Russians and royalist Yugoslavs -- were forcibly repatriated because Harold Macmillan, "minister resident" in the Mediterranean and later prime minister, wanted to advance his political career by appeasing Stalin.
		As was anticipated by virtually everyone concerned, the overwhelming majority of these defenceless people, who reposed implicit trust in British honour, were either massacred in circumstances of unbelievable horror immediately following their handover, or condemned to a lingering death in Communist gaols and forced labour camps.
		The exact date of his return is highly significant: Tolstoy argued that Low did not leave Austria until after the key order on indiscriminate deportations was issued, and therefore it was he who -- contrary to the orders issuing from Yalta -- was personally responsible for the crime.
	www.rense.com /general6/www.htm (1982 words)

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