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	Nikolai Yezhov
		Nikolai Yezhov was born in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1895.
		In 1937 Yezhov arranged the arrest of Genrikh Yagoda, the former head of the NKVD.
		Nikolai Yezhov was arrested and was probably executed in 1939.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSyezhov.htm (655 words)

	Wikinfo \| Nikolai Yezhov
		From 1915 to 1917, Yezhov served in the Czarist Russian army.
		Under Yezhov, the purges reached their height, with roughly half of the Soviet political and military establishment being imprisoned or shot, along with hundreds of thousands of others, suspected of disloyalty or "wrecking" (economic sabotage).
		On March 3, 1939 Yezhov was relieved of all his posts in the Central Committee of the Communist Party.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Nikolai_Yezhov (603 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Nikolai Yezhov
		He was known as a determined loyalist of Joseph Stalin, and in 1935 he wrote a paper in which he argued that political opposition must eventually lead to violence and terrorism; this became in part the ideological basis of the Purges.
		The apex of Yezhov's ascendancy was reached on 20 December 1937, when the party hosted a giant gala to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the NKVD at the Bolshoi Theater.
		Yezhov refused Beria's suggestion that he confess to a plot to kill Stalin saying "it is better to leave this earth as an honourable man".
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Nikolai_Yezhov (904 words)

	Nikolai Yezhov at AllExperts
		Under Yezhov, the purges reached their height, with roughly half of the Soviet political and military establishment being imprisoned or shot, along with hundreds of thousands of others, suspected of disloyalty or "wrecking".
		Yezhov also conducted a thorough purge of the security organs, both NKVD and GRU, removing and shooting many officials who had been appointed by his predecessors Yagoda and Menzhinsky.
		The apex of Yezhov's ascendancy was reached on 20 December 1937, when the party hosted a giant gala to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the NKVD at the Bolshoi Theater.
	en.allexperts.com /e/n/ni/nikolai_yezhov.htm (868 words)

	Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov
		Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov (May 1, 1895 - 1939/1940) was born in St.
		He joined the Bolshevik Party on May 5, 1917 in Vitebsk before the Revolution in October (November) 1917.
		Sometime in 1939 Yezhov was arrested, and he was probably killed in 1939 or 1940.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ni/Nikolai_Ivanovich_Yezhov.html (160 words)

	Purges and Hysteria in the Soviet Union
		Nikolai Bukharin, a Bolshevik gradualist and ally of Stalin, executed during the purges of 1938.
		Yezhov began his new reign by rooting out NKVD commissars that he saw as not fit to serve under him.
		Yezhov was replaced by Stalin's old friend and fellow Georgian, Lavrentry Beria - the man Stalin's dead wife had disliked and had not wanted in her house.
	www.fsmitha.com /h2/ch20.htm (5328 words)

	Nikolai Ivanovich YEZHOV - Kolya and Kostya, nicknames
		Yezhov had fl hair, "a shock of fl hair," and green eyes and, to paraphrase Roy Medvedev, was a rather SHY GUY, very friendly to work with also, by all accounts prior to his promotion to Head of NKVD overlooking the GUBG.
		Yezhov had a 6 year old daughter, was living with her and his mother in a modest Kremlin apartment in 1937.
		Yezhov not only cracked and took to drink, didn't eat or sleep right, but later on, after he was relieved of his job as NKVD chief and transferred to Water Transport, he (was accused) poisoned his wife out of jealousy and/or suspicion.
	www.geocities.com /redcomrades/yezhov.html (3500 words)

	Australian Information from Wikipedia
		The Great Purge was started under the NKVD chief Genrikh Yagoda, but the height of the campaigns occurred while the NKVD was headed by Nikolai Yezhov, from September 1936 to August 1938; this period is sometimes referred to as the Yezhovshchina ("Yezhov era").
		By the summer of 1938, Stalin and his circle realized that the purges had gone too far, and Yezhov was relieved from his head of NKVD post (remaining People's Commisariat of Internal Affairs) and eventually purged.
		Nikolai Bukharin and others convicted in the Moscow Trials were not rehabilitated until as late as 1988, and Leon Trotsky himself was never rehabilitated.
	www.thinkingaustralia.com /thinking_australia/wikipedia/default.php?title=Great_Purge (4208 words)

	Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In February 1922, Yezhov was appointed Responsible Secretary of the Party Organization in the Mari Autonomous Region and in March, he and his first wife arrived at Yoshkar-Ola.
		Yezhov had fl hair, "a shock of fl hair," and green eyes and, to paraphrase Roy Medvedev, was a rather SHY GUY, very friendly to work with also, by all accounts prior to his promotion to Head of NKVD.
		Yezhov not only cracked and took to drink, didn't eat or sleep right, but later on, after he was relieved of his job as NKVD chief and transferred to Water Transport, he poisoned his wife out of jealousy and/or suspicion.
	awip.proboards23.com /index.cgi?board=history&action=print&thread=1091569000 (6099 words)

	Nikolai Yezhov - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
		Nikolai era una excepción y seguramente causó grandes dezasones a sus padres, ya que fue abandonado a los doce años y adoptado por una familia bolchevique de apellido Shliápnikov, este hecho le marcó para siempre, la familia adoptiva también estaba en dificultades económicas.
		Yezhov llega a la NKVD después de la remoción de Yagoda, que se desempeñaba como director de la OGPU y a quien Stalin le pierde la confianza debido a que bajo su mando no logró reunir las suficientes pruebas para aniquilar a Bujarin, uno de sus más peligrosos y jurados enemigos políticos.
		Yezhov es considerado por los mismos rusos como el más nefasto de los personajes que llegaron rodear a Stalin durante sus treinta años de poder, había quienes lo llamaban «cosa monstruosa» y no dudaban al decir que Yezhov había caído en desgracia en el momento que conoció personalmente a Stalin.
	es.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nikolai_Ivanovich_Yezhov (1676 words)

	The Jamestown Foundation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Yezhov replaced Genrikh Yagoda, who headed the NKVD from 1934-36 and who was shot in 1938 after a show trial.
		Yezhov's reign of terror lasted two years before he himself was tried and executed in an NKVD prison in February 1940.
		Rejecting the plea for Yezhov's rehabilitation yesterday, the Supreme Court said he was one of the chief perpetrators of Stalin's purges and could not be considered an innocent victim.
	www.jamestown.org /publications_details.php?volume_id=21&issue_id=1319&article_id=13227 (584 words)

	Degenerate Magazine \| Beria Degenerate Chapter Six: The Graveyard of Utopia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		For most, the murder of Kirov in late 1934 marks the onset, though the machinery of mass murder didn't kick into overdrive until Nikolai Yezhov was named as head of the NKVD (a new acronym for the secret police, standing for the "People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs") in 1936.
		Yezhov was a perfect protagonist for the Purge: a man of dwarfish height, hysterical, cruel, and usually described by contemporaries as a sociopath.
		Yezhov for his part was not entirely pleased with the way the purge had gone down in the Caucasus, as Beria's clients were virtually untouched.
	www.diacritica.com /degenerate/9/beria6.html (1818 words)

	Table of Malcontents \| WIRED Blogs
		Nikolai Yezhov, the young man strolling with Stalin [right], is shot in 1940.
		By the way, the perpetual inebriate Comrade Yezhov, (nickname, "The Homicidal Dwarf") was demoted to the Commissariat of Water Transport after being relieved of his job as head of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs, the NKVD.
		Yezhov wasn't executed because he spoke out against Stalin, he was executed because it was politically advantagous for Stalin to do so.
	blog.wired.com /tableofmalcontents/2007/03/the_commissar_v.html (1811 words)

	N.I. Yezhov: Biographical Notes
		Yezhov's exceptionally bad reputation was at least partly due to people's reluctance to blame Stalin (whether from fear of denunciation, or from genuine reverence).
		Yezhov was born 1895 in a poor worker's family in the outskirts of Peterburg.
		Biographers Bryuxanov and Shoshkin dispute that Yezhov was orphaned.
	www.cyberussr.com /rus/ye-bio.html (2176 words)

	Beria For Yezhov -- Page 1 -- TIME
		Comrade Yezhov is the man who in 1937 put on the largest and costliest purge to date, for which he provided the evidence, the victims and the executioners.
		Least ominous explanation of the change is Comrade Yezhov's "ill health." He is known to be suffering from tuberculosis, overwork, and possibly from poisoning, if the fantastic accusation that his predecessor, Henry Yagoda, sprayed the executive office in the Commissariat for Internal Affairs with atomized mercuric poison be true.
		Unlike Nikolai Yezhov, who is small, saturnine, mysterious and narrowly intelligent, new Commissar Beria is tall, heavyset, fond of speechmaking and public appearances.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,772106,00.html (645 words)

	1937-1938 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Yezhov's arrival in Kyiv sparks a new wave of repressions in Ukraine.
		The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issues a decree dismissing Nikolai Yezhov from the post of People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR and appointing Lavrentii Beria in his place.
		During 1939, 7,372 people are dismissed from the state security organs (22.9 percent of the total number of operational-Chekist cadres in the NKVD USSR), 66.5 percent of them on charges of bureaucratic crimes, counterrevolutionary activity, and as a result of compromising materials.
	www.represii.org /eng/1938.html (644 words)

	KHRUSHCHEV COUNTS THOUSANDS OF VICTIMS IN UKRAINE (09/17/60)
		Yezhov killed every regional party boss in the USSR except Khrushchev, Andrei Zhdanov in Leningrad and Lavrenti P. Beria (his successor, whom Khrushchev ordered executed in 1953) in Georgia.
		Khrushchev put in good words for Yezhov, but he too disappeared later after winning renown as the Soviet's most efficient and impersonal executioner between 1937 and 1939.
		Soon after Khrushchev took over as Soviet boss of the area, Yezhov's NKVD seized an orchard on the town's Lityn St. People living near the area were forced to move, and a high board fence was built around it.
	www.ukrweekly.com /Archive/1960/1796009.shtml (950 words)

	NKVD.ORG: The Memorial Page --- НКВД.OРГ: САЙТ ВОСПОМИНАНИЯ
		Yagoda himself was purged for irrational reasons and replaced by a five foot Nikolai Yezhov, he would be known as the "bloody dwarf," his era would be called Yezhovschina, or time of Yezhov.
		Yagoda was executed and Yezhov given free reign by Stalin in 1937.
		Beria purged the NKVD itself as had Yezhov and saw to it that Yezhov was executed.
	www.nkvd.org /en/description.html (775 words)

	Pravda.RU:History of Federal Security Service
		Genrikh Yagoda headed the OGPU and NKVD in 1934-1936, Nikolai Yezhov - in 1936-1938 and Lavrenty Beria in 1938-1945.
		Nikolai Golushko was FSK director in December 1993-March 1994 and Sergei Stepashin in March 1994-June 1995.
		Mikhail Barsukov was FSB director in July 1995-June 1996, Nikolai Kovalev in July 1996-July 1998, Vladimir Putin in July 1998-August 1999 and Nikolai Patrushev from August 1999 till the present day.
	newsfromrussia.com /main/2004/07/14/54972_.html (598 words)

	biography : Joseph Stalin The Great Terror
		Nikolai Yezhov was born in St. Petersburg during 1895.
		Yezhov who became looked on with horror was know by his associates popular and well liked.
		Yezhov organized the arrest and show trials of Nickolai Bukharin, Alexei Rykov, Nikolai Krestinsky and Christian Rakovsky (1937).
	histclo.com /bio/s/stalin/sta-ter.html (1794 words)

	1937-1938 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Yezhov's arrival in Kyiv sparks a new wave of repressions in Ukraine.
		The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issues a decree dismissing Nikolai Yezhov from the post of People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR and appointing Lavrentii Beria in his place.
		During 1939, 7,372 people are dismissed from the state security organs (22.9 percent of the total number of operational-Chekist cadres in the NKVD USSR), 66.5 percent of them on charges of bureaucratic crimes, counterrevolutionary activity, and as a result of compromising materials.
	memorial.kiev.ua /expo/eng/1938.html (644 words)

	Beria At The Nkvd - Lavrenty Beria
		Under Nikolai Yezhov, the NKVD carried out prosecution of the perceived enemies of the state known as the Great Purge, that affected millions of people.
		By 1938, however, the purge had become so extensive that it was damaging the infrastructure of the Soviet state, its economy and armed forces, and Stalin had decided to wind the purge down.
		In September Beria was appointed head of the Main Administration of State Security (GUGB) of the NKVD, and in November he succeeded Yezhov as head of NKVD (Yezhov was executed in 1940).
	mywebpage.netscape.com /Acacia1327/lavrenty-beria-beria-at-the-nkvd.html (485 words)

	The Degeneration of the Soviet Secret Police - From Guardians to Executioners
		Throughout 1918, Nikolai Bukharin, Lev Kamenev, Maxim Gorky, Victor Serge and I.Z. Steinberg (a Left SR and Commissar of Justice and Home Affairs) were among those who voiced misgivings over the growing power of the Cheka to operate free of any independent review.
		The last of the show trials were held in March 1938: Bukharin, Rykov, Nikolai Krestinsky, Christian Rakovsky and Yagoda were all convicted of being members of the ‘‘Anti-Soviet Bloc of Rightists and Trotskyites,’’ and participating in plots against Stalin, acts of sabotage and various other crimes.
		Once again the GPU was purged: by 1940, Yezhov and 101 of his top 122 officers from the 1937-38 period had been liquidated.
	www.bolshevik.org /1917/no10/no10kgb.html (4478 words)

	NOW IT CAN BE TOLD, EVEN IN RUSSIA - New York Times
		He explained in detail how false confessions could invariably be obtained by torture, by false promises, by taking family members hostage and by the ''conveyor,'' relentless interrogation by relays of police for days on end.
		It turns out that Meyerhold, the brilliant actor and theater director, who was not a young man, after being bestially tortured and degraded, managed to write a scathing account of his torment to the chief prosecutor, Andrei Vyshinsky, before he was shot.
		Russians coined the term Yezhovshchina in the mistaken belief that Stalin's hangman, Yezhov, and not Stalin himself, was the author of their agonies.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEFD6123FF930A25756C0A966958260&sec=&pagewanted=all (1944 words)

	Hoover Institution - Hoover Digest - Inside Stalin's Darkroom
		In the purges of 1936–1938, one of Nikolai Yezhov’s firing squads eliminated Yenukidze.
		Defense Commissar Kliment Voroshilov and Premier Vyacheslav Molotov (on the left) stroll along the Moscow-Volga canal with Comrade Stalin and NKVD (secret police) boss Nikolai Yezhov, who was arrested and executed in 1939.
		The first group, people like Kamenev and Trotsky, had their revolutionary pasts destroyed (and were, of course, murdered) but continued in Soviet history in new roles as terrorist agents of Hitler.
	www.hoover.org /publications/digest/3531641.html (1695 words)

	Articles - Nikolai Yezhov (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		His reign is sometimes known as the "Yezhovschina" (or "Yezhovshchina", Russian: Ð•Ð¶Ð¾ÌÐ²ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°, the "Yezhov era").
		I do not doubt that in his childhood Yezhov amused himself in just such a manner and that he is now continuing to do so in different forms." Physically, Yezhov was very short in stature - and that, combined with his sadistic personality led to his nickname 'The Poisoned Dwarf' or 'The Bloody Dwarf'.
		Yezhov also conducted a thorough purge of the security organs, both NKVD and GRU, removing and shooting many officials who had been appointed by his predecessors Yagoda and Menzhinsky, but even his own appointees as well.
	www.lastring.com /articles/Nikolai_Yezhov (845 words)

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