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Topic: Nilakantha Somayaji

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	Nilakantha biography
		Nilakantha was born into a Namputiri Brahmin family which came from South Malabar in Kerala.
		Nilakantha studied astronomy and Vedanta, one of the six orthodox systems of Indian Hindu philosophy, under the teacher Ravi.
		The head of the Nambudiri caste in Nilakantha's time was Netranarayana and he became Nilakantha's patron for another of his major works, namely the Aryabhatiyabhasya which is a commentary on the Aryabhatiya of Aryabhata I.
	www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk /history/Biographies/Nilakantha.html (881 words)

	Nilakantha Somayaji at AllExperts
		Nilakantha Somayaji (à¤¨à¥à¤²à¤•à¤£à¥à¤ à¤¸à¥à¤®à¤¯à¤¾à¤à¤¿) (1444-1544), from Kerala, was a major Indian mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala School of astronomy and mathematics and was a student of Damodara.
		An interesting piece of Nilakantha's work is the derivation of Leibniz-Gregory series pi/4=1-(1/3)+(1/5)-.........
		Nilakantha's derivation the of above series is all the more interesting because it is derived using the geometrical definition of π as the ratio of circumference and diameter of a circle.
	en.allexperts.com /e/n/ni/nilakantha_somayaji.htm (198 words)

	TKS essays
		Having compared the figures Chandra Hari concludes that the values given by Nilakantha have got only insignificant errors when compared to modern computer derived longitudes based on the latest theories of planetary dynamics.
		He says that in terms of accuracy of the planetary longitudes the epicyclical theory was not far behind the theory of Kepler, when researchers like Parmesvara and Nilakantha handled it.
		While concluding the paper Chandra Hari says that Parmesvara’s record of astronomical observations, the refinement of astronomical parameters and the accompanying work of his disciple Nilakantha Somayaji which maximizes the accuracy of planetary longitudes etc, are reflect the past glory of Indian Science.
	indianscience.org /reviews/Eclipse2.shtml (939 words)

	Nilakantha
		Now Nilakantha studied astronomy and Vedanta, one of the six orthodox systems of Indian Hindu philosophy, under the teacher Ravi.
		This led Nilakantha also to become a follower of
		The head of the Nambudiri caste in Nilakantha's time was Netranarayana and he became Nilakantha's patron for another of his major works, namely the Aryabhatiyabhasya which is a commentary on the Aryabhatiya of
	www.educ.fc.ul.pt /icm/icm2003/icm14/Nilakantha.htm (811 words)

	Indian mathematics. Know more about Indian architecture, astronomy, mathematics, medicine, science.
		His most significant contribution was in moving on from the finite procedures of ancient mathematics to treating their limit passage to infinity, which is considered to be the essence of modern classical analysis.
		Although these and other results appear in later works, including the Tantrasangraha of Nilakantha and the Yuktibhasa of Jyesthadeva, it is generally accepted that they originated from the work of Madhava.
		Several of the results are explicitly attributed to him; for example, Nilakantha quotes an alternate version of the sine series expansion as the work of Madhava.
	www.nriol.com /content/columns/ashok/indian-mathematics2.asp (1636 words)

	Indiaclub.com: 500 Years of Tantrasangraha : Science
		The year 2000 was the five-hundredth anniversary of the composition of the celebrated astronomical text Tantrasangraha by the renowned Kerala astronomer Nilakantha Somayaji (C. 1444-1545 AD) of Trikkantiyur.
		In Tantrasangraha, Nilakantha introduced a major revision of the traditional Indian planetary model.
		He arrived at a unified theory of planetary latitudes and a better formulation of the equation of centre for the interior planets (mercury and Venus) than was available, either in the earlier Indian works, or in the Islamic or European traditions of Astronomy till the work of Kepler.
	www.indiaclub.com /Shop/SearchResults.asp?ProdStock=12653 (432 words)

	IUHPS-IAU News No.1
		During 11-13 March, 2000, the Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Madras, organized a Conference to celebrate the 500th Anniversary of Tantrasangraha in collaboration with the Inter-University Centre of the Indian Institute of Advanced Study (Shimla) and cosponsored by Centre for Policy Studies (Chennai), Ramco Industries (Chennai) and Science City (Chennai).
		The Conference brought together scholars working in various Universities and other National Research Institutes, in the area of Indian Astronomy and Mathematics, to discuss diverse aspects of Nilakantha works in the larger context of the development of Astronomy in India and other civilizations.
		The central theme of the Conference was the significant advances made in planetary theory and other aspects of astronomy by the Kerala School and its followers.
	www.astropa.unipa.it /IUHPSnews/No1_0700.html (1638 words)

	Astronomy in Ancient India - Crystalinks
		The other important names of historical astronomers from India are Madhava and Nilakantha.
		Other important astronomers from India include Madhava, Nilakantha Somayaji and Jyeshtadeva, who were members of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics from the 14th century to the 16th century.
		They were responsible for founding calculus and modern mathematical analysis, along with a number of other developments.
	www.crystalinks.com /indiastronomy.html (2904 words)

	Timeline of mathematics - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		1400s - Nilakantha Somayaji, a Kerala school mathematician, writes the "Aryabhatiya Bhasya", which contains work on infinite-series expansions, problems of algebra, and spherical geometry
		1501 - Nilakantha Somayaji writes the "Tantra Samgraha", which lays the foundation for a complete system of fluxions (derivatives), and expands on concepts from his previous text, the "Aryabhatiya Bhasya"
		1600s - Putumana Somayaji writes the "Paddhati", which presents a detailed discussion of various trigonometric series
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Timeline_of_mathematics (4486 words)

	Bharat Rakshak Forum :: View topic - Miscellaneous Topics thread AKA Military Nukkad Thread
		While Neelakanta Somayaji did his havan three times a day, took two baths and taught his disciples at his village on the banks of river NiLa.
		In which he says that Neelakanta Somayaji did better than Liebnitz in calculus.
		The problem with Indian math and science is that they didn't use equation/formula notation.
	forums.bharat-rakshak.com /viewtopic.php?p=291756 (1726 words)

	Jyesthadeva
		Written in about 1550, Jyesthadeva's commentary contained proofs of the earlier results by
		Nilakantha which these earlier authors did not give.
		In [4] Gupta gives a translation of the text and this is also given in [2] and a number of other sources.
	www.educ.fc.ul.pt /icm/icm2003/icm14/Jyesthadeva.htm (603 words)

	Science Technology - General Information About Indian Economy, Government, Constitution, Education System
		He wrote the Siddhanta-Shiromani which consists of two parts: Goladhyaya (sphere) and Grahaganita (mathematics of the planets).
		The other important names of historical astronomers from India are Madhava and Nilakantha Somayaji.
		On April 19, 1975, India sent into orbit its first satellite Aryabhatta.
	www.bharatadesam.com /about/science_technology.php (3869 words)

	ephemeris.com Early History of Astronomy - Ancient India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		One method of epicycles ("manda" in Sanskrit) was given in the Surya Siddhanta.
		The 15th Century Nilakantha Somayaji, in Siddhantadarpana 4.18.1.19-21, explains the operation of epicycles:
		The circles along which the planets take place, move on the epicycle of the equation of the center with the velocity of the higher apses.
	www.ephemeris.com /history/india.html (7328 words)

	Death Ends Fun: Pi the way
		On February 23, 2006 10:49 AM, Anand wrote:
		Nilakantha Somayaji, in his extensive commentary to the Aryabhatiya added that the value of Pi can never be computed accurately, it can only be approximated.
		On February 23, 2006 12:38 PM, Anonymous wrote:
	dcubed.blogspot.com /2006/02/pi-way.html (1023 words)

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