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	Nima, the father of modern Persian poetry
		Nima Yushij (1896-1960), original name Ali Esfandiari, the eldest son of Ebrahim Nuri, was born in November 1896 in Yush village, Mazandaran Province.
		Consequently, Nima began to replace the familiar devices that he felt were impeding the free flow of ideas with innovative, even though less familiar devices that enhanced a free flow of concepts.
		In general, Nima manipulated rhythm and rhyme and allowed the length of the line to be determined by the depth of the thought being expressed rather than by the conventional Arabic meters that had dictated the length of a bayt (distich) since the early days of Persian poetry.
	www.mehrnews.com /en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=129055 (866 words)

	Modern Persian Poetry - Nima Yushij
		Until the age of twelve Nima Yushij had lived in Yush, a village in the northern province of Mazandaran, near the Caspian Sea, where his father was a farmer.
		One of the deepest factors of Verhaeren's influence on Nima Yushij, was in the realm of subject matter.
		This was the real achievement of Nima Yushij and the reason for his being acclaimed as, the founder, or the father, of modern Persian poetry....
	www.art-arena.com /nima.htm (1503 words)

	Nima Yooshij - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nima Yooshij (نیما یوشیج in Persian) (November 12, 1897/1896 - January 6, 1959/1960) shortly called Nima, born Ali Esfandiari (Persian: علی اسفندیاری), was a contemporary Persian poet who started the she’r-e no ("new poetry") also known as she’r-e nimaa'i ("Nimai poetry") trend in Iran.
		Consequently, Nima began to replace the familar devices that he felt were impeding the free flow of ideas with innovative, even though less familiar devices that enhanced a free flow of concepts.
		In general, Nima manipulated rhythm and rhyme and allowed the length of the line to be determined by the depth of the thought being expressed rather than by the conventional Arabic meters that had dictated the length of a bayt (verse) since the early days of Persian poetry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nima (969 words)

	Historic experience of modern Iranian poetry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nima not only upsets the three main, and restrictive, pillars of traditional poetry: balance in the length of the hemistiches, strained equality of the prosodic meter and the rhyming of the last word in each couplet; he removed all the artificial word-play and artifice from poetry restoring the poet’s natural approach to poetry.
		Nima’s design, in his own words, was to return the natural order to poetry, to remove the unnatural proportions imposed on it, and to dispense with the extras that had to be imported in order to fill in for the awkwardness of these artificial proportions.
		Nima lights up the emotional horizon of the poet purely in the light of his profound experimental deliberation and cleanses it from obvious emotional interference.
	www.library.cornell.edu /colldev/mideast/khaksar.htm (2246 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nima Yushij, for instance, who spent the better part of his life learning the ways of the masters, came to the conclusion that not only the content but the form of Persian poetry must be recast.
		Nima Yushij (his real name is Ali Esfandiyari), the eldest son of Ebrahim Nuri of Yush (Mazandaran province of Iran), was born in November 1896.
		In general, Nima manipulated rhythm and rhyme and allowed the length of the line to be determined by the depth of the thought being expressed rather than by the conventional Arabic meters that had dictated the length of a bayt since the early days of Persian poetry.
	www.angelfire.com.cob-web.org:8888 /rnb/bashiri/Poets/Nima.html (1461 words)

	Documentary on Life of Nima Yushij’s Sister Being Produced
		Nima’s sister speaks about various events in her life and shows pictures of her hometown and her past.
		Nima Yushij (1895-1960), whose given name was (Ali Esfandiyari), was born in the village of Yush in Mazandaran province.
		In general, Nima manipulated rhythm and rhyme and allowed the length of the line to be determined by the depth of the thought being expressed.
	www.mehrnews.com /en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=103508 (311 words)

	“Nima Yushij” House Undamaged in Earthquake
		TEHRAN May 29 (MNA) -- The quake that occurred on Friday evening in the north of the country did not damage the house of “Nima Yushij”, the father of modern Persian poetry.
		Mazandaran Cultural Heritage archaeology expert Shahr Banu Vafa’i told the Mehr News Agency the road leading to Yush, the birthplace of Nima, has been closed and experts have not been able to determine the damage inflicted at the Nima house.
		Nima Yushij known as Nima, the father of modern Persian poetry, introduced the modern poetry widely used by Iranian poets during the last several decades.
	www.mehrnews.ir /en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=82690 (144 words)

	NIMA
		NIMA was established on October 1, 1996, by the National Imagery and Mapping Agency Act of 1996.
		The creation of NIMA followed more than a year of study, debate and planning by the defense, intelligence and policy-making communities as well as the Congress, and continuing consultations with customer organizations.
		The creation of "NGA" ("NIMA") centralized responsibility for imagery and mapping, representing a fundamental step toward achieving the Department of Defense vision of "dominant battle space awareness." It was created to exploit the potential of enhanced collection systems, digital processing technology and the prospective expansion in commercial imagery than its separate predecessor organizations.
	www.measuroo.com /Acr-N/NIMA.php (592 words)

	Nima Yushij, Iranian Poet
		Ali Esfandiari, the leader of the modern Persian poetry whose pen-name was Nima Yushij, was born in Yush, Mazandaran Province, in 1895.
		Nima spent his childhood amid the simple rustic people of Green Mazandaran, which deeply influenced his poetry.
		In 1926 Nima married and settled in Yush as a provincial teacher.
	www.caroun.com /Literature/Iran/Poets/NimaYushij/NimaYushij.html (282 words)

	ShabeSher.com, Persian Poetry Discussions - Nima Yushij (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		His father was a farmer and Nima started his life by helping him as a shepherd.
		Nima wrote most of his books based on sorrow and suffering.
		Nima Yushij was fluent in French and Arabic.
	www.shabesher.com.cob-web.org:8888 /content/view/14/2 (166 words)

	Borzoo Bonakdarpour
		Nima Yushij (1897-1960), the father of modernist poetry, died in relative obscurity, but after World War II a number of young poets took up his cause, fighting against the shackles of literary conventions and writing free verse, sometimes with a vengeance.
		The second great step Farrokhzad took, this time in her artistic life, was to free herself from the fascinating influence of the romantic Neo-classicist poets, and even of imitating Nima Yushij's innovations in rhythm and style.
		In this he compares quite favorably with his master Nima Yushij who in the course of his gradual transition from the traditional school established a totally new trend in Persian poetry.
	www.cse.msu.edu /~borzoo/non-acd/poet_modern.htm (4811 words)

	THE IRANIAN: Literature, Poetry, Nima Yushij
		Nima also wrote letters to Nakta and dedicated to her one of his early long poems, Khanevade-ye sarbaz (A Soldier's Family).
		Nima was twelve years old when he was brought to the capital Tehran, and from the beginning he found himself a stranger among citydwellers.
		During his lifetime Nima always longed for his birthplace and on different occasions he expresses his admiration for the countryside and his disdain for the city and urban life.
	www.iranian.com /Arts/Feb98/Nima (1763 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nima Yushij did not negate the meter in Farsi poetry.
		So, although Nima has students who went beyond and greater than him, and obtained a more exalted position in contemporary poetry, so far Shamlu has not found a student that can reach anywhere near his stature.
		Nima Yushij taught Iranian contemporary poetry that one can break with tradition in Farsi grammar too — to break the construct.
	www.kleudge.com /nmessarra/dreamweaver/ex1/shamlou.txt (2955 words)

	Birth place of Nima Yushij attracts great number of vacationers
		Sari, Mazandaran prov, March 26, IRNA-Yush, the birth place of the famous contemporary poet Nima Yushij, near the town of Nour in this northern province was visited by a large number of this year's Norouz (New Iranian Year starting March 21) vacationers.
		The mausoleum of this outstanding Iranian poet, known as the farther of modern poetry, called Nima's House, dates back to the Safavid era and is 218 years old.
		"The Museum of Nima's House is currently under construction and is expected to be completed by the end of summer," she added.
	www.payvand.com /news/06/mar/1220.html (234 words)

	ShabeSher.com, Persian Poetry Discussions - Home
		Shamlu considered Nima a true master, and decided to follow his unique style of writing and poetry.
		Nima was born in 1897 in the village of Yush in Mazandaran.
		The influence of one of his teachers, known as Nezam Vafa, made Nima turn to poetry.
	www.shabesher.com (333 words)

	Iran Daily (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Asked about the general design of the museum, an expert with Mazandaran province's cultural heritage and tourism department, Akbari Nikbakht said a special committee is working on the project and has decided to collect all personal souvenirs of the prominent poet from across the country and display it at the museum.
		Repairs on the senior Nima's house will be completed by the end of the month to be followed by work on building the museum.
		Nikbakht said that Nima's handwritings will be displayed and records of his voice will also be made available for the visitors.
	www.iran-daily.com /1383/2090/html/art.htm (1415 words)

	The Flight of one of the Last "Khorous Jangis" (Fighting Cocks)
		Ali Dehbashi who participated in his funeral said about him, ‘Parviz Daryush was one of the last members of the same generation as Sadegh Hedayat, Nima Yushij, Jalal Alahmad, Mojtaba Minavi, Parviz Khanlari with perhaps only Ebrahim Golestan, Anvar Khamehii and one or two other members of this generation being still alive.
		Although Parviz Daryush started his cultural work by translating poetry, but the translation of ‘Book of Psalms’ was his first and last collection that Nima Yushij has acclaimed greatly in one of his letters.
		Among his articles ‘Waking Remembrance’ on Sadegh Hedayat and ‘Musician of Mountains’ on Nima Yushij are the most celebrated.
	www.payvand.com /news/01/mar/1083.html (411 words)

	Nima Yushij
		His father was farmer and took him to nature (mountains etc) He learnt how write and read in Yush.
		He went to Sent Louie School in Tehran when he was a young man. Nima loved painting, French literature and poems (His Farsi literature was Nezamolddin Vafa who was a famous poet.).
		But Nima had pneumonia, and finally he was died in Tehran in Thursday 16 Dey (11
	www.pars-iran.tripod.com /nima_yushij.htm (147 words)

	Iran Daily - Panorama - 07/01/06 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nima House Museum will be inaugurated by late August in the village of Yush--the birthplace of the illustrious contemporary poet Nima Yushij--in northern Mazandaran province.
		Director general of Iran Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization for museum affairs, Massoud Nosrati, told the Persian daily Hamshahri that the house museum currently receiving final touches would serve as a cultural and artistic venue, providing an insight into the life of the father of contemporary Iranian poetry.
		“Various episodes of Nima’s life from birth to death, his social and political activities, as well as his works of prose and poetry will be introduced to visitors,“ he explained.
	www.iran-daily.com /1385/2598/html/panorama.htm (1677 words)

	Essays On Nima Yushij by Ahmad Karimi-Hakkak(Editor), Kamran Talattof(Editor), New, Used Books, Cheap Prices, ISBN ...
		Essays On Nima Yushij: Animating Modernism In Pers...
		Nima: A Sherpa in Connecticut (By Elizabeth Fuller)
		All such content is provided to you "as is." this content and your use of it are subject to change and/or removal at any time.
	www.bookfinder4u.com /detail/9004138099.html (324 words)

	Birth place of Nima Yushij attracts great number Persian Journal Latest Iran News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Birth place of Nima Yushij attracts great number Persian Journal Latest Iran News
		Birth place of Nima Yushij attracts great number
		Yush, the birth place of the famous contemporary poet Nima Yushij, near the town of Nour in this northern province was visited by a large number of this year's Norouz (New Iranian Year starting March 21) vacationers.
	www.iranian.ws /iran_news/publish/printer_14389.shtml (242 words)

	Jalal Al-e-Ahmad - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Under the recommendation of Richard Nelson Frye, Al-e-Ahmad spent a summer at Harvard University, as part of a distinguished visiting fellowship organized by Henry Kissinger for supporting promising Iranian intellectuals.
		Jalal rigorously supported Nima Yushij (father of modern Persian poetry) and had an important role in acceptance of Nima's revolutionary style.
		Many of his novels, including the first two in the list above, have been translated into English.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jalal_Al-e-Ahmad (317 words)

	Strand Bookstore: [search] in LITERATURE-Middle East (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This book chronicles the civil war in Lebanon through the troubled & sometimes quasi-hallucinatory mind of a young man who has experienced kidnapping, hostage exchange, & hospital internment.
		Essays on Nima Yushij: Animating Modernism In Persian Poetry
		In several groundbreaking critical articles this book focuses on the life & works of Nima Yushij (1887-1960), a majo rmodernist Iranian poet.
	www.strandbooks.com /qsearch?deptno=130575 (515 words)

	Amazon.ca: When the Elephants Came: Books: Nima Yushij,Mariam Evans,Franta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Amazon.ca: When the Elephants Came: Books: Nima Yushij,Mariam Evans,Franta
		by Nima Yushij (Author), Mariam Evans (Author), Franta (Illustrator)
		Publisher: learn how customers can search inside this book.
	www.amazon.ca /When-Elephants-Came-Nima-Yushij/dp/0934211159 (81 words)

	Persian Language & Literature: Mehdi Akhavan Sales
		"Bed'atha va Badaye'I Nima Yushij" (Nima Yushij's Innovations and Aesthetics), 1979
		"Ata va Laqa-i Nima Yushij" (Nima Yushij's Bequest), 1983
		My hands are shaking and so is my heart
	www.iranchamber.com /literature/makhavansales/mehdi_akhavan_sales.php (409 words)

	Persian Literature
		A new poem in English translation each time you visit the site
		Nima Yushij: life and poems [audio] (Neda Rayaneh Institute)
		The Poetry of Iran (The Literary Review) In English.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/lweb/indiv/mideast/cuvlm/persian_lit.html (70 words)

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